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CompletedNCT04782934Updated Sep 21, 2021

The GLOW Study - The YANG System

An interventional study of The YANG SENSOR is an active implantable device, for Real Time Continuous Glucose, Lactate and Ketone Measurement in Diabetes Mellitus and Glucose, sponsored by Indigo Diabetes NV. Completed at 1 site in Belgium. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 50 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2021-09-21.

Sponsored by Indigo Diabetes NV · Not applicable, Interventional, and Device feasibility

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
7
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
18 Years to 50 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This is an open label, interventional, monocentric, prospective early feasibility study, designed to evaluate the safety of implant and short-term integration into the tissue of the YANG sensor. In addition, the set up will enable data collection which will be used to develop the software algorithm to allow real-time, continuous measurement of glucose, ketone and lactate levels in the interstitial fluid in adults with diabetes mellitus, in a future version of the device.

02

Conditions studied

  • Diabetes Mellitus
  • Glucose

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03

In context

Diabetes Mellitus

10,926 studies on the registry are indexed under Diabetes Mellitus; 1,319 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 7 is below the median of 80 across 8,368 interventional studies indexed under Diabetes Mellitus.

Browse Diabetes Mellitus studies →

Lead sponsor

Indigo Diabetes NV is the lead sponsor of 3 studies on the registry; 1 is open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 50 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Inclusion criteria

T1DM patients

  • Subjects willing to sign an informed consent form (ICF),
  • Adult subjects, age ≥ 18, ≤ 50 years old
  • Body Mass Index (BMI) 20≥, ≤ 27.5 [kg/m2]
  • Subjects willing to comply to study protocol requirements (exercises, ketone ester drinks, alcohol, study visits, blood sampling etc)
  • Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) according to WHO criteria, diagnosed for at least 12 months prior to screening
  • Subjects being on insulin pump for at least 12 months

Healthy Volunteers

  • Subjects willing to sign an informed consent form (ICF),
  • Adult subjects, age ≥ 18, ≤ 50 years old
  • BMI 20≥, ≤ 27.5
  • Subjects willing to comply to study protocol requirements (exercises, ketone ester drinks, alcohol, study visits, blood sampling etc)
  • Healthy subjects, as self-declared and confirmed by screening assessments and Principal Investigator's judgment

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Subjects with a contraindication to undergo challenging tests (i.e., ischemic heart disease, epilepsy, panhypopituitarism, hypoadrenalism, hypothyroidism, known allergic reaction to ibuprofen/paracetamol/acetylsalicylic acid)
  • For people with diabetes: History of severe hypoglycaemia in the previous 6 months. Severe hypoglycaemia is defined as hypoglycaemia resulting in loss of consciousness or seizure
  • For people with diabetes: History of diabetic ketoacidosis requiring emergency room visit or hospitalization in the previous 6 months
  • Any blood disorder identified by haematocrit \<30% or >55%
  • History of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, or HIV
  • A condition requiring or likely to require magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during the study duration
  • Female subjects who are pregnant, planning on becoming pregnant or nursing
  • Any disorder, which in the investigator's opinion might jeopardise subject's safety or compliance with the protocol.
  • Coagulation disorder, wound healing and bleeding disorder or taking anticoagulant medication
  • Any long-term drug treatments other than insulin, such as statins, low-dose aspirin, fibrates etc.
  • The presence of any other active implanted device except for insulin pumps (as defined further in protocol)
  • The presence of any other CGM sensor or transmitter located in abdomen (other location is acceptable)
  • Impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance (for healthy volunteers)
  • Any contraindication to the use of the Yang system as listed in the device IFU (i.e. any known allergy to PDMS)
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Device feasibility
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
7 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    YANG system group

    Device: The YANG SENSOR is an active implantable device, for Real Time Continuous Glucose, Lactate and Ketone Measurement

Interventions

  • DeviceThe YANG SENSOR is an active implantable device, for Real Time Continuous Glucose, Lactate and Ketone Measurement

    The YANG SENSOR is an active implantable device, that is intended to be implanted in the subcutaneous abdominal tissue, approximately 10mm below the skin. The SENSOR is battery powered. The battery is wirelessly recharged through the skin by the YANGEXD, using a charging coil ('Donut') applied to the skin with an adhesive patch at the level of the SENSOR. The 'Donut' also receives data from the sensor.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Incidence of device-related or sensor insertion/removal procedure-related adverse events

    Time frame: 57 days

  2. Assessment of foreign body reaction due subcutaneous implantation with biopsy

    Assessment of i.e. inflammation, infection, tissue vascularization, formation of fibrotic scar tissue

    Time frame: 27 days

  3. Incidence of sensor failure

    Time frame: 27 days

Secondary outcomes

  1. Collection of users feedback in the form of clinical questionnaire to assess the 'easiness' of surgical procedure with questionnaire

    Time frame: 1 day

  2. Requirements of duration of implantation and explantation procedure

    Time frame: 27 days

  3. Post explantation follow-up

    Removal of sutures and wound healing after 10 days post explantation of the sensor. Follow-up via phone call after 30 days

    Time frame: 30 days

Other outcomes

  1. Assessment of sensor ability to measure glucose and β-hydroxybutyrate and lactate levels to allow the development of the algorithm

    Exploratory endpoint

    Time frame: 27 days

  2. Assessment of influence of interference substances (i.e. ethanol, lactate, ketones, paracetamol, acetylsalicylic acid, sorbitol, fructose, aspartame, ibuprofen, caffeine and ascorbic acid [Vitamin C])

    Exploratory endpoint: blood samples will be taken each 2.5 or 5 min to measure glucose, lactate and ketones. Glucose will also be measured with a CGM. The influence of the confounders on the glucose measurement by the sensor in the interstitial fluid will be investigated.

    Time frame: 27 days

07

Study locations

1 site
  • University Hospital Antwerp
    Edegem, Antwerp 2650, Belgium
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Sep 21, 2021, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04782934
Lead sponsor
Indigo Diabetes NV
Collaborators
University Hospital, Antwerp
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Mar 4, 2021
Start date
Feb 25, 2021
Primary completion
Jun 19, 2021
Completion
Jun 19, 2021
Last update
Sep 21, 2021

Study contacts

Christophe De Block, Prof. Dr.
principal investigator · University Hospital, Antwerp

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is completed, as verified in Mar 2021. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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