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Not yet recruitingNCT04706819Updated Jan 13, 2021

Parenchymal and Extraparenchymal Neurocysticercosis-A Registry Based Study

An observational study in Neurocysticercosis, Tropical Disease and Tenia Solium Infection, sponsored by All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. Not yet recruiting. Open to participants aged 14 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2021-01-13.

Sponsored by All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi · Observational

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was expected by Dec 2025, 10 months ago, but the record still lists the study as not yet recruiting.
Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Other
Enrollment
1,000
Ages
14 Years and older
Sex
All
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Study summary

Neurocysticercosis(NCC) is the commonest parasitic infection of the central nervous system. It is the commonest cause of focal seizures in India. It can also present with headaches, movement disorders, stroke, cognitive decline and multitude of complications depending on its location. Parenchymal NCC is more common than extraparenchymal NCC. There is considerable variation in the treatment practices including administration of anti-helminthic agents and corticosteroids. Extra-parenchymal NCC is rare and can occur in the subarachnoid space or intraventricularly. Extra-parenchymal NCC is managed surgically in several instances. There is scant literature on the long term follow up of this condition. This registry will enable collection of data on the clinical, laboratory and imaging features, treatment trends and long term outcomes of both parenchymal and extra-parenchymal neurocysticercosis.

Read the detailed description

Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the commonest parasitic infection of the central nervous system. It can affect the brain, meninges, eyes as well as other parts of the body. Disseminated cysticercosis involves brain and one other organ such as muscles, viscera etc. NCC is common in tropical countries and is the commonest cause of focal seizures. It is quite frequently also found incidentally in imaging done for unrelated conditions such as headaches and trauma. NCC can be parenchymal or extra-parenchymal. Parenchymal NCC is commoner than extra-parenchymal lesions. Some patients with parenchymal NCC have less than three cysts and they have seizures which are well controlled with medication. On the other hand some have multiple cysts and present with complications such as stroke, cognitive decline, aphasia, hydrocephalus, increased intra-cranial pressure etc. Cysts occurring extra-parenchymal locations such as inside the ventricular system or sub-arachnoid space are less common than parenchymal ones, but can be more symptomatic due to obstruction in the CSF flow leading to hydrocephalus, arachnoiditis and impaired CSF absorption etc.

Though NCC is very common in the Indian subcontinent, there is no consensus on optimum management strategies. There is a wide variation in the practices of prescribing anti-helminthic drugs, corticosteroids, steroid sparing agents etc. Clinical experience suggests that some patients with NCC need long term corticosteroids and on withdrawing corticosteroids, they develop peri-lesional edema and they become symptomatic. In such patients, steroid sparing agents such as methotrexate are recommended.2 However there is no data on the long term follow up of such patients especially from India. Similarly, patients with intraventricular NCC treated surgically are given varying types of anti-helminthic therapy ranging from none to combination therapy after surgical /endoscopic resection of the cysts.

It is high time, that a registry is established and patient data collected systematically, to enable analysis of clinical features as well as to study the patterns of treatment offered by individual physicians. This will also promote the development of hypothesis for planning trials in future.

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Conditions studied

  • Neurocysticercosis
  • Tropical Disease
  • Tenia Solium Infection

Keywords

  • Parenchymal Neurocysticercosis
  • Extraparenchmal Neurocysticercosis
  • Intraventricular neurocysticercosis
  • Racemose neurocysticercosis
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In context

Neurocysticercosis

21 studies on the registry are indexed under Neurocysticercosis; 5 are open to participants now.

Browse Neurocysticercosis studies →

Lead sponsor

All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi is the lead sponsor of 143 studies on the registry; 13 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

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Who can participate

Ages eligible
14 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

Study Population: Patients with MRI/CT diagnosed neurocysticercosis as per composite clinical criteria, imaging criteria as well as natural history

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Patients attending Neurology OPD or are admitted in wards with neurocysticercosis diagnosed on the basis of composite clinical criteria, imaging criteria as well as natural history
  • Atleast 14 years of age of all sexes
  • Reasonable clinical certainty OR allied investigations such as CXR/CECT chest/abdomen/PET CT as per clinical indication ruling out tuberculosis or mimics of neurocysticercosis
  • Other relevant investigations like CSF analysis not suggestive of alternative diagnosis such as tubercular/ cryptococcal/other fungal infections/other causes of chronic meningitis such as brucella/ nocardia/ syphilis/recurrent viral meningitis/ carcinomatous/ lymphomatous meningitis or non infective causes such as sarcoidosis/sub-arachnoid hemorrhage etc.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Not willing to provide consent
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Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Other
Enrollment
1,000 participants (estimated)
Target follow-up
10 Years
Patient registry
Yes
Biospecimen retention
Samples with dna
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What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Clinical features in patients with parenchymal and extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis

    To study the clinical features in patients with parenchymal and extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis

    Time frame: 6 months

  2. Laboratory features

    To study the hematologic and CSF parameters in patients with parenchymal and extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis

    Time frame: 6 months

  3. Imaging features

    To study the imaging features in patients with parenchymal and extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis

    Time frame: 6 months

  4. Treatment trends in patients with parenchymal and extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis

    To study the treatment trends in terms of proportion of patients treated with anti-epileptic drugs, anti-parasitic drugs, corticosteroids, steroid sparing agents, surgical management in patients with parenchymal and extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis

    Time frame: 6 months

  5. Treatment trends in patients with parenchymal and extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis

    To study the treatment trends in terms of proportion of patients treated with anti-epileptic drugs, anti-parasitic drugs, corticosteroids, steroid sparing agents, surgical management in patients with parenchymal and extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis

    Time frame: 1 year

  6. Treatment trends in patients with parenchymal and extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis

    To study the treatment trends in terms of proportion of patients treated with anti-epileptic drugs, anti-parasitic drugs, corticosteroids, steroid sparing agents, surgical management in patients with parenchymal and extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis

    Time frame: 3 years

  7. Treatment trends in patients with parenchymal and extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis

    To study the treatment trends in terms of proportion of patients treated with anti-epileptic drugs, anti-parasitic drugs, corticosteroids, steroid sparing agents, surgical management in patients with parenchymal and extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis

    Time frame: 5 years

  8. Outcomes in patients with parenchymal and extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis - 6 months

    To study the outcomes in terms of seizure freedom, symptom resolution, new symptoms, imaging resolution and functional status in patients with parenchymal and extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis

    Time frame: 6 months

  9. Outcomes in patients with parenchymal and extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis

    To study the outcomes in terms of seizure freedom, symptom resolution, new symptoms, imaging resolution and functional status in patients with parenchymal and extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis

    Time frame: 1 year

  10. Outcomes in patients with parenchymal and extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis

    To study the outcomes in terms of seizure freedom, symptom resolution, new symptoms, imaging resolution and functional status in patients with parenchymal and extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis

    Time frame: 3 years

  11. Outcomes in patients with parenchymal and extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis

    To study the outcomes in terms of seizure freedom, symptom resolution, new symptoms, imaging resolution and functional status in patients with parenchymal and extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis

    Time frame: 5 years

  12. Extra-parenchymal neurocysticercosis

    To find the proportion of patients having extra-parenchymal neurocysticercosis

    Time frame: 6 months

Secondary outcomes

  1. Factors determining outcomes in patients with parenchymal neurocysticercosis

    To study the factors determining outcomes in terms of seizure freedom, resolution of symptoms, disappearance of lesions on imaging and functional status as assessed by modified Rankin scale in patients with parenchymal neurocysticercosis

    Time frame: 1 year

  2. Factors determining outcomes in patients with parenchymal neurocysticercosis

    To study the factors determining outcomes in terms of seizure freedom, resolution of symptoms, disappearance of lesions on imaging and functional status as assessed by modified Rankin scale in patients with parenchymal neurocysticercosis

    Time frame: 3 years

  3. Factors determining outcomes in patients with parenchymal neurocysticercosis

    To study the factors determining outcomes in terms of seizure freedom, resolution of symptoms, disappearance of lesions on imaging and functional status as assessed by modified Rankin scale in patients with parenchymal neurocysticercosis

    Time frame: 5 years

  4. Factors determining outcomes in patients with extra-parenchymal neurocysticercosis

    To study the factors determining outcomes in terms of seizure freedom, resolution of symptoms, disappearance of lesions on imaging and functional status as assessed by modified Rankin scale in patients with extra-parenchymal neurocysticercosis

    Time frame: 1 year

  5. Factors determining outcomes in patients with extra-parenchymal neurocysticercosis

    To study the factors determining outcomes in terms of seizure freedom, resolution of symptoms, disappearance of lesions on imaging and functional status as assessed by modified Rankin scale in patients with extra-parenchymal neurocysticercosis

    Time frame: 5 years

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Study locations

No study locations are listed for this record.

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References and documents

Publications

  • Garcia HH, Nash TE, Del Brutto OH. Clinical symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of neurocysticercosis. Lancet Neurol. 2014 Dec;13(12):1202-15. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(14)70094-8. Epub 2014 Nov 10. PubMed 25453460 ↗
  • White AC Jr, Coyle CM, Rajshekhar V, Singh G, Hauser WA, Mohanty A, Garcia HH, Nash TE. Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurocysticercosis: 2017 Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH). Clin Infect Dis. 2018 Apr 3;66(8):e49-e75. doi: 10.1093/cid/cix1084. No abstract available. PubMed 29481580 ↗
  • Rajshekhar V. Evolution of concepts in the management of cysticercosis of the brain: Then (1970) and now (2018). Neurol India. 2018 Jul-Aug;66(4):919-927. doi: 10.4103/0028-3886.236969. No abstract available. PubMed 30038069 ↗
  • Rajshekhar V, Raghava MV, Prabhakaran V, Oommen A, Muliyil J. Active epilepsy as an index of burden of neurocysticercosis in Vellore district, India. Neurology. 2006 Dec 26;67(12):2135-9. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000249113.11824.64. PubMed 17190933 ↗
  • Moyano LM, Saito M, Montano SM, Gonzalvez G, Olaya S, Ayvar V, Gonzalez I, Larrauri L, Tsang VC, Llanos F, Rodriguez S, Gonzalez AE, Gilman RH, Garcia HH; Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru. Neurocysticercosis as a cause of epilepsy and seizures in two community-based studies in a cysticercosis-endemic region in Peru. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014 Feb 13;8(2):e2692. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002692. eCollection 2014 Feb. PubMed 24551255 ↗
  • Garcia HH, Gonzales I, Lescano AG, Bustos JA, Zimic M, Escalante D, Saavedra H, Gavidia M, Rodriguez L, Najar E, Umeres H, Pretell EJ; Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru. Efficacy of combined antiparasitic therapy with praziquantel and albendazole for neurocysticercosis: a double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2014 Aug;14(8):687-695. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(14)70779-0. Epub 2014 Jul 3. PubMed 24999157 ↗
  • Nash TE, Pretell EJ, Lescano AG, Bustos JA, Gilman RH, Gonzalez AE, Garcia HH; Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru. Perilesional brain oedema and seizure activity in patients with calcified neurocysticercosis: a prospective cohort and nested case-control study. Lancet Neurol. 2008 Dec;7(12):1099-105. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70243-6. Epub 2008 Nov 3. PubMed 18986841 ↗
  • Ooi WW, Wijemanne S, Thomas CB, Quezado M, Brown CR, Nash TE. Short report: A calcified Taenia solium granuloma associated with recurrent perilesional edema causing refractory seizures: histopathological features. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2011 Sep;85(3):460-3. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.11-0221. PubMed 21896805 ↗
  • Sheth TN, Pillon L, Keystone J, Kucharczyk W. Persistent MR contrast enhancement of calcified neurocysticercosis lesions. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1998 Jan;19(1):79-82. Erratum In: AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2000 Sep;21(8):1565. Pilon, L [corrected to Pillon, L]. PubMed 9432161 ↗
  • Amaral L, Maschietto M, Maschietto R, Cury R, Ferreira NF, Mendonca R, Lima SS. Ununsual manifestations of neurocysticercosis in MR imaging: analysis of 172 cases. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2003 Sep;61(3A):533-41. doi: 10.1590/s0004-282x2003000400002. Epub 2003 Sep 16. PubMed 14513153 ↗
  • Huang X, Wang Z, Kou J, Liu H, Mao D, Yu Z, Liu X, Cheng P, Gong M. A Large Cohort of Neurocysticercosis in Shandong Province, Eastern China, 1997-2015. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2019 Dec;19(12):901-907. doi: 10.1089/vbz.2019.2447. Epub 2019 Jul 17. PubMed 31314709 ↗
  • Martinez HR, Rangel-Guerra R, Elizondo G, Gonzalez J, Todd LE, Ancer J, Prakash SS. MR imaging in neurocysticercosis: a study of 56 cases. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1989 Sep-Oct;10(5):1011-9. PubMed 2505513 ↗
  • Abba K, Ramaratnam S, Ranganathan LN. Anthelmintics for people with neurocysticercosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010 Jan 20;(1):CD000215. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000215.pub3. PubMed 20091504 ↗
  • Garcia HH, Pretell EJ, Gilman RH, Martinez SM, Moulton LH, Del Brutto OH, Herrera G, Evans CA, Gonzalez AE; Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru. A trial of antiparasitic treatment to reduce the rate of seizures due to cerebral cysticercosis. N Engl J Med. 2004 Jan 15;350(3):249-58. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa031294. PubMed 14724304 ↗
  • Nash TE, Ware JM, Mahanty S. Intraventricular Neurocysticercosis: Experience and Long-Term Outcome from a Tertiary Referral Center in the United States. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2018 Jun;98(6):1755-1762. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0085. Epub 2018 Apr 19. PubMed 29692305 ↗
  • Sinha S, Sharma BS. Intraventricular neurocysticercosis: a review of current status and management issues. Br J Neurosurg. 2012 Jun;26(3):305-9. doi: 10.3109/02688697.2011.635820. Epub 2011 Dec 15. PubMed 22168964 ↗
  • Suri A, Goel RK, Ahmad FU, Vellimana AK, Sharma BS, Mahapatra AK. Endoscopic excision of intraventricular neurocysticercosis in children: a series of six cases and review. Childs Nerv Syst. 2008 Feb;24(2):281-5. doi: 10.1007/s00381-007-0462-y. Epub 2007 Nov 10. PubMed 17994242 ↗
  • Suri A, Goel RK, Ahmad FU, Vellimana AK, Sharma BS, Mahapatra AK. Transventricular, transaqueductal scope-in-scope endoscopic excision of fourth ventricular neurocysticercosis: a series of 13 cases and a review. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2008 Jan;1(1):35-9. doi: 10.3171/PED-08/01/035. PubMed 18352801 ↗
  • Sharma BS, Sawarkar DP, Verma SK. Endoscopic Management of Fourth Ventricle Neurocysticercosis: Description of the New Technique in a Case Series of 5 Cases and Review of the Literature. World Neurosurg. 2019 Feb;122:e647-e654. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.10.117. Epub 2018 Oct 26. PubMed 30814022 ↗
  • Proano JV, Torres-Corzo J, Rodriguez-Della Vecchia R, Guizar-Sahagun G, Rangel-Castilla L. Intraventricular and subarachnoid basal cisterns neurocysticercosis: a comparative study between traditional treatment versus neuroendoscopic surgery. Childs Nerv Syst. 2009 Nov;25(11):1467-75. doi: 10.1007/s00381-009-0933-4. Epub 2009 Jun 26. PubMed 19557421 ↗
  • Nash TE, O'Connell EM, Hammoud DA, Wetzler L, Ware JM, Mahanty S. Natural History of Treated Subarachnoid Neurocysticercosis. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020 Jan;102(1):78-89. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.19-0436. PubMed 31642423 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided

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Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jan 13, 2021, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04706819
Responsible party
Arunmozhimaran Elavarasi (Assistant Professor, Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi) — Principal investigator
First posted
Jan 13, 2021
Start date
Jan 15, 2021 (estimated)
Primary completion
Dec 31, 2025 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 31, 2025 (estimated)
Last update
Jan 13, 2021

Study contacts

Arunmozhimaran Elavarasi, MD DM
Contact
arun_ela@yahoo.com
+919013844274
Ajay Garg, MD DM
Contact
drajaygarg@gmail.com
+919868240050
Arunmozhimaran Elavarasi, MD DM
principal investigator · All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
Ajay Garg, MD DM
principal investigator · All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is not yet recruiting, as verified in Jan 2021. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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