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CompletedNCT04608734Updated Oct 29, 2020

Buccal Versus Intranasal Route of Administration of Midazolam Spray in Behavior Management of Pre-School Patients

A Phase 2 interventional study of Buccal midazolam and Intranasal midazolam in Dental Anxiety, sponsored by Nourhan M.Aly. Completed at 1 site in Egypt. Open to participants aged 3 Years to 5 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2020-10-29.

Sponsored by Nourhan M.Aly · Phase 2, Interventional, and Treatment

From the registry’s dates

  • Registered 5 years 4 months after the study started (first participant enrolled Jun 2015, registered Oct 2020).
Phase
Phase 2
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
36
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
3 Years to 5 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of aerosolized midazolam, introduced through buccal versus intranasal mucosa in managing uncooperative children undergoing dental treatment.

Read the detailed description

Thirty six children fulfilling the requirements of having a dental condition that needed treatment in two dental settings, not exceeding thirty minutes each. They were randomly assigned to one of two groups, according to the treatment offered at the first visit. At the first visit, either buccal or intranasal aerosolized midazolam was administered. At the second visit the alternate route was implemented in a cross-over design with a one week washout period. Vital signs were recorded at baseline and at 5 minutes interval throughout the treatment session.

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Conditions studied

  • Dental Anxiety
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In context

Lead sponsor

Nourhan M.Aly is the lead sponsor of 48 studies on the registry; 4 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
3 Years to 5 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Negative and definitely negative behavior according Frankl's scale.
  • ASA Group I (normal healthy patient without systemic disease) and II (patient with mild systemic disease) with no medical contraindication which rules out the use of midazolam.
  • Children with at least two carious lesions requiring dental intervention in two settings of not more than 30 minute each.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Children with multiple carious lesions who require treatment under general anesthesia.
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Study design

Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Crossover assignment
Masking
Single (Participant)
Enrollment
36 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Buccal midazolam

    Drug: Buccal midazolam

  • Active comparator
    Intranasal midazolam

    Drug: Intranasal midazolam

Interventions

  • DrugBuccal midazolam

    The drug was sprayed in the buccal vestibule across the area between the primary first and second molars in all four quadrants to maximize the absorption through wide area of the buccal mucosa.

  • DrugIntranasal midazolam

    Half of the dose was sprayed in the right nostril and the other half in the left nostril to double the absorptive surface area by short and quick puffs.

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What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Acceptance of drug administration

    Assessed by a 3 point Likert scale as follows: (1) the child accepted the drug readily. 2 (fair) the child accepted the drug with some resistance. 3 (poor) the child accepted the drug with great resistance. 4 (refused) the child refused but drug administration was possible after persuasion.

    Time frame: during the sedation procedure

  2. Sleep score

    This will be assessed using modified Houpt scale for behavior rating: 1. Awake, alert. 2. Drowsy, disoriented. 3. Intermittently asleep. 4. Sound asleep.

    Time frame: after 5 minutes

  3. Crying score

    This will be assessed using modified Houpt scale for behavior rating: 1. Hysterical, demands attention. 2. Continuous, making treatment difficult. 3. Intermittent, mild, does not interfere with treatment. 4. No crying present.

    Time frame: after 5 minutes

  4. Head/oral resistance score

    This will be assessed using modified Houpt scale for behavior rating: 1. Turns head, refuses to open mouth. 2. Mouth closing, must request to open. 3. Chocking, gagging, spitting. 4. No head/oral resistance present.

    Time frame: after 5 minutes

  5. Overall behavior

    This will be assessed using modified Houpt scale for behavior rating: 1. Aborted, no treatment performed. 2. Very poor, treatment interrupted, partial treatment completed. 3. Fair, difficult, all treatment completed. 4. Good, some limited crying or movement. 5. Excellent, no crying or movement.

    Time frame: immediately after completion of the dental treatment procedures

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Study locations

1 site
  • Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University
    Alexandria, 21512, Egypt
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Chopra R, Marwaha M. Assessment of buccal aerosolized midazolam for pediatric conscious sedation. J Investig Clin Dent. 2015 Feb;6(1):40-4. doi: 10.1111/jicd.12062. Epub 2013 Dec 20. PubMed 24357534 ↗
  • al-Rakaf H, Bello LL, Turkustani A, Adenubi JO. Intra-nasal midazolam in conscious sedation of young paediatric dental patients. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2001 Jan;11(1):33-40. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-263x.2001.00237.x. PubMed 11309871 ↗
  • Kupietzky A, Houpt MI. Midazolam: a review of its use for conscious sedation of children. Pediatr Dent. 1993 Jul-Aug;15(4):237-41. No abstract available. PubMed 8247896 ↗
  • Kupietzky A, Holan G, Shapira J. Intranasal midazolam better at effecting amnesia after sedation than oral hydroxyzine: a pilot study. Pediatr Dent. 1996 Jan-Feb;18(1):32-4. PubMed 8668567 ↗
  • Primosch RE, Guelmann M. Comparison of drops versus spray administration of intranasal midazolam in two- and three-year-old children for dental sedation. Pediatr Dent. 2005 Sep-Oct;27(5):401-8. PubMed 16435641 ↗
  • Houpt MI, Weiss NJ, Koenigsberg SR, Desjardins PJ. Comparison of chloral hydrate with and without promethazine in the sedation of young children. Pediatr Dent. 1985 Mar;7(1):41-6. No abstract available. PubMed 3857559 ↗
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Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Oct 29, 2020, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04608734
Lead sponsor
Nourhan M.Aly
Collaborators
Alexandria University
Responsible party
Nourhan M.Aly (Assistant Lecturer of Dental Public Health, University of Alexandria) — Sponsor-investigator
First posted
Oct 29, 2020
Start date
Jun 10, 2015
Primary completion
Jun 13, 2016
Completion
Jun 25, 2016
Last update
Oct 29, 2020

Study contacts

Yousr N Mowafy, M.Sc
principal investigator · Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Egypt
Nadia A Wahba, PhD
study director · Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Egypt
Tamer M Ghoneim, PhD
study chair · Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
Ghada M Mahmoud, PhD
study chair · Faculty of Dentistry, University of Modern Sciences and Arts, Egypt.

Oversight

FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is completed, as verified in Oct 2020. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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