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CompletedNCT04567849Updated Jul 18, 2023

Decreasing ED Utilization by Nudging Patients to Call Their Providers

An interventional study of message and provider in Emergency Treatment and Telephone Hotlines, sponsored by Geisinger Clinic. Completed at 1 site in United States. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2023-07-18.

Sponsored by Geisinger Clinic · Not applicable, Interventional, and Health services research

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
11,546
Allocation
Randomized
Sex
All
01

Study summary

In the present study, patients will be sent a message shortly after completing a medical procedure that informs or reminds them that they can reach out to Geisinger, and how to do it, if they have any medical issues or concerns. Researchers will assess if such messages make patients more likely to contact Geisinger with post-procedure medical concerns and decrease emergency department utilization.

Read the detailed description

Decreasing emergency department (ED) over-utilization is a priority for healthcare systems across the country. Patients uncertain about a medical issue routinely end up in the ED when less costly and time-consuming alternatives could have addressed their concern. If patients reach out to healthcare facilities rather than heading directly to the ED, they can often be directed toward resources better suited to their concerns than the ED.

Geisinger is thus working to encourage patients to contact healthcare providers if any concerns arise and patients are uncertain about where to go for care. Patients who have recently had a medical procedure may be particularly valuable to encourage, as they routinely have concerns related to the procedure and discharge can serve as a useful touch-point to remind the patient where they can go for questions or concerns.

In the present study, patients will be sent a patient portal message shortly after completing any Women's Health medical procedure. The message will inform or remind patients how they can reach Geisinger if they have any medical issues or concerns. The purpose of this study is to assess if such messages make patients more likely to contact Geisinger with medical concerns and, in turn, decrease unnecessary ED utilization. This study will A/B test 2 messages, encouraging patients to either call their recent provider directly or to call a tele-nurse hotline, and will assess if these messages perform better than a control group that will not be sent any such message.

Generalized linear models will examine the primary study outcomes as a function of the study arms (between-subjects).

02

Conditions studied

  • Emergency Treatment
  • Telephone Hotlines

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Keywords

  • Behavioral Economics
  • Patient Portal
03

In context

Emergencies

1,691 studies on the registry are indexed under Emergencies; 332 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 11,546 is above the median of 145 across 930 interventional studies indexed under Emergencies.

Browse Emergencies studies →

Lead sponsor

Geisinger Clinic is the lead sponsor of 125 studies on the registry; 21 are open to participants now.

Of its 9 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 7 (78%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
Child (0–17), Adult (18–64), Older adult (65+)
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Patient had a procedure in Women's Health within the study period (including both surgical and in-office procedures as well as baby delivery)
  • Patient is enrolled in myGeisinger, Geisinger's patient portal

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • If procedure was labor that resulted in fetal demise or stillborn.
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Health services research
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Double (Participant, Care provider)
Enrollment
11,546 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • No intervention
    Control

    No intervention control group

  • Experimental
    Nudge: call provider

    This group will receive a patient portal message the morning after completing their procedure. The message will encourage patients to call their recent Women's Health provider (with appropriate phone number listed) if any questions or concerns arise about their healthcare.

    Behavioral: message · Behavioral: provider

  • Experimental
    Nudge: call tele-nurse

    This group will receive a patient portal message the morning after completing their procedure. The message will encourage patients to call Geisinger's nurse triage hotline (with appropriate phone number listed) if any questions or concerns arise about their healthcare.

    Behavioral: message · Behavioral: tele-nurse

Interventions

  • Behavioralmessage

    patient portal message

  • Behavioralprovider

    nudging calling the patient's provider

  • Behavioraltele-nurse

    nudging calling the tele-nurse

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Phone calls

    Proportion of patients who call the tele-nurse or their provider within 30 days of their appointment

    Time frame: 18 months or as long as it takes to reach N=17,300, whichever occurs first

  2. ED utilization

    Proportion of patients who visit the ED within 30 days of their appointment

    Time frame: 18 months or as long as it takes to reach N=17,300, whichever occurs first

Secondary outcomes

  1. Phone calls

    Proportion of patients who call the tele-nurse or their provider within 30 days of their appointment

    Time frame: 12 months

  2. ED utilization

    Proportion of patients who visit the ED within 30 days of their appointment

    Time frame: 12 months

  3. Phone calls - surgical patients only

    Proportion of patients who call the tele-nurse or their provider within 30 days of their appointment

    Time frame: 18 months or as long as it takes to reach N=17,300, whichever occurs first

  4. ED utilization - surgical patients only

    Proportion of patients who visit the ED within 30 days of their appointment

    Time frame: 18 months or as long as it takes to reach N=17,300, whichever occurs first

  5. Phone calls - surgical patients only

    Proportion of patients who call the tele-nurse or their provider within 30 days of their appointment

    Time frame: 12 months

  6. ED utilization - surgical patients only

    Proportion of patients who visit the ED within 30 days of their appointment

    Time frame: 12 months

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Geisinger
    Danville, Pennsylvania 17822, United States
08

References and documents

Study documents

  • Statistical analysis plan · Mar 25, 2022

Documents are hosted by the registry — open the source record to download them.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — Data with no personally identifiable information will be made available to other researchers on the Open Science Framework for transparency.

Supporting information: Analytic code

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jul 18, 2023, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04567849
Lead sponsor
Geisinger Clinic
Responsible party
Amir Goren (Program Director, Behavioral Insights Team, Geisinger Clinic) — Principal investigator
First posted
Sep 29, 2020
Start date
Nov 16, 2021
Primary completion
Jun 15, 2023
Completion
Jun 15, 2023
Last update
Jul 18, 2023

Study contacts

Amir Goren, PhD
principal investigator · Geisinger Clinic

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Jul 2023. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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