An interventional study of MMA embolization in Chronic Subdural Hematoma, At Risk of Post-operative Recurrence and Burr-hole Surgery, sponsored by Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris. Completed at 12 sites in France. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2024-09-23.
Sponsored by Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment
Standard of care for the management of symptomatic chronic subdural hematomas (SDHs) is neurosurgical burr-hole evacuation followed by drainage. Post-operative recurrence rates may be as high as 10 to 20 %. In particular, recurrence rate increases with antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy. Middle meningeal artery (MMA) embolization has been proposed as a novel treatment of chronic SDH. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of MMA embolization in reducing the risk of chronic SDH recurrence at 6 months after burr-hole surgery as compared with standard medical post-operative treatment in patients at high risk of post-operative recurrence.
Introduction: chronic SDHs are some of the most frequently encountered neurosurgical emergencies. The gold standard treatment of symptomatic chronic SDHs is burr-hole surgery followed by temporary closed system drainage. Post-operative recurrence rates may be as high as 10 to 20% and are a major source of morbidity and repeated surgery. MMA embolization is a promising minimally invasive procedure recently proposed as a treatment of chronic SDH. It is hypothesized that post-operative MMA embolization may reduce recurrence rate in patients at high risk of recurrence.
Aims: the primary objective of the trial is to assess the efficacy of MMA embolization in reducing the risk of chronic SDH recurrence at 6 months after burr-hole surgery as compared with standard medical treatment in patients at high risk of post-operative recurrence. Secondary objectives include evaluating the impact of post-operative MMA embolization on rate of recurrence requiring new surgery (at 6 months), rate of functional dependency (at 1 and 6 months) , mortality (at 1 and 6 months) , cumulative hospital stay duration, related to the SDH, and complication rate at 6 months.
Methods: multicenter open label randomized controlled trial. Eligible patients will be assigned either to the intervention or a control arm through blocked randomization with randomblock sizes and stratified on the center, antiplatelet/anticoagulant therapy and unilateral vs bilateral SDH. Patients in the intervention group will undergo a CT angiography scan of the supra aortic trunks, followed by MMA embolization procedure within 7 days of the burr-hole surgery in addition to standard medical care. Patients in the control group will receive standard medical care only. Outcomes will be evaluated at 1 and 6 months. The primary outcome measure will be the rate of chronic SDH recurrence 6 months after index burr-hole surgery, as defined bellow. In order to demonstrate a decrease in recurrence rate from 15 to 5% between the intervention and control arms with a power of 80%, bilateral global alpha risk of 5%, with two planned sequential tests according to the method of Lan \& Demets, and 20% patients lost to follow-up, 342 patients are required, 171 in each arm. The primary outcome will be analyzed according to intention to treat.
Patient:
Exclusion Criteria:
MMA embolization procedure within 7 days of the burr-hole surgery in addition to standard medical care
Procedure: MMA embolization
standard medical care
Patients in the intervention group will undergo a CT angiography scan of the supra aortic trunks, followed by MMA embolization procedure within 7 days of the burr-hole surgery in addition to standard medical care
SDH recurrence
Rate of chronic subdural hematoma (SDH) recurrence 6 months after index burr-hole surgery, defined as: * Reappearance of a homolateral SDH with a midline shift \> 5mm or a symptomatic homolateral SDH, including leading to death * Or, the presence of a homolateral SDH \> 10mm in maximal thickness on the 6 months control head CT scan * Or, the need for repeated surgery for a homolateral SDH recurrence * Or, the need for a new hospital admission in relation to a homolateral SDH recurrence
Time frame: 6 months
repeated surgery
- Rate of repeated surgery for a homolateral SDH recurrence during the 6 months follow-up period
Time frame: 6 months
disability and dependency
- Rate of disability and dependency at 1 and 6 months, defined by a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score ≥ 4. The mRS is an ordered scale coded from 0 (no symptoms at all) through 5 (severe disability) 6 (death)
Time frame: 1 and 6 months
mortality
- Mortality rate at 1 and 6 months
Time frame: 1 and 6 months
hospital stay
- Total cumulative duration of hospital stay, during the 6 months follow-up period, directly or indirectly related to the SDH
Time frame: 6 months
complication rates
- Minor and major embolization procedure-related complication rates
Time frame: 6 months
Plan to share: Yes — Data are available upon reasonable request The procedures carried out with the French data privacy authority (CNIL, Commission nationale de l'informatique et des libertés) do not provide for the transmission of the database, nor do the information and consent documents signed by the patients. Consultation by the editorial board or interested researchers of individual participant data that underlie the results reported in the article after deidentification may nevertheless be considered, subject to prior determination of the terms and conditions of such consultation and in respect for compliance with the applicable regulations.
Supporting information: Study protocol, Sap, Icf
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Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris