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WithdrawnNCT04271436Updated Jan 7, 2025

Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy Using 18F-FLT PET/CT

A Phase 2 interventional study of FDG PET/CT and FLT PET/CT in Cancer, sponsored by Washington University School of Medicine. Withdrawn. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-01-07.

Sponsored by Washington University School of Medicine · Phase 2, Interventional, and Other

Why this study was withdrawn
Low accrual
Phase
Phase 2
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
0
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
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Study summary

In the current study, advanced positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance (PET/MR) imaging methods will be used to validate the hypothesis that participants receiving immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy, who ultimately achieve clinical benefit, will show an increase, or "FLARE", in tumor FLT and/or FDG uptake from baseline, as seen after cycle#1 of treatment, and that after 2 cycles of treatment responders will have a decline in FLT and FDG uptake, in comparison to the participants classified as "non-responders".

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Conditions studied

  • Cancer
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In context

Lead sponsor

Washington University School of Medicine is the lead sponsor of 1,765 studies on the registry; 271 are open to participants now.

Of its 324 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 212 (65%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

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Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Patients must have histologically or cytologically confirmed diagnosis of cancer.
  • Patients who are planned to receive checkpoint blockade therapy, per referring oncologist.
  • Life expectancy ≥ 6 months and \< 5 years.
  • Disease that is measurable per RECIST 1.1.
  • Age ≥18 years.
  • Ability and willingness to provide informed consent
  • Women of child-bearing potential must have a negative urinary or serum pregnancy test within 7 days of each imaging time point.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patient receiving other investigational radiotracers within 14 days prior to FLT and FDG imaging time points.
  • Patients receiving ICB in combination with chemotherapy.
  • Immunosuppressive therapy including systemic corticosteroids except for maintenance dosing for adrenal insufficiency. Patients requiring immunosuppressive therapy during the study will no longer be eligible.
  • Known additional malignancy that is progressing or requires active treatment with the exceptions of basal cell carcinoma of the skin, squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, or in situ cervical cancer that has undergone potentially curative therapy.
  • Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, autoimmune diseases, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements
  • Patients with a pacemaker, stainless steel aneurysm clip or any other magnetic resonance (MR) contraindicated implant or foreign body would warrant exclusion from this study. Pacemakers may be reprogrammed or turned off by the strong MRI magnetic field. Radio-frequency (RF) fields in MR can also cause severe heating of pacemaker lead tips. Steel aneurysm clips are prone to torque in the strong MR field which can displace the clips and may damage the vessel, resulting in hemorrhage, and/or death.
  • Pregnant women are excluded from this study
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Study design

Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Other
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
0 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    PET/CT + PET/MR

    -Eligible patients will have imaging assessments (as part of the study) performed at three time-points: pre-treatment, following cycle 1 of treatment, and following cycle 2 of treatment. Baseline FDG PET/CT will be a standard-of-care procedure. If possible, PET/CT imaging will be performed, followed immediately by PET/MR imaging during each imaging session. At minimum, PET/MR should be obtained at least once during each time-point (i.e. either during the FDG or FLT procedure). FDG imaging and FLT imaging should be performed at least 24 hours apart and no more than 7 days apart.

    Device: FDG PET/CT · Device: FLT PET/CT · Device: PET/MR · Drug: [F-18] flurothymidine

Interventions

  • DeviceFDG PET/CT

    A single dose of 10 mCi FDG will be given by bolus injection approximately 60 minutes prior to the first planned imaging procedure.

  • DeviceFLT PET/CT

    . A single dose of 10 mCi FLT will be given by bolus injection approximately 80 minutes prior to the first planned imaging procedure.

  • DevicePET/MR

    MR imaging will be performed on a Siemens Biograph mMR or an MRI scanner, if the PET/MR is unavailable.

  • Drug[F-18] flurothymidine

    -Radiopharmaceutical

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What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Change in FLT uptake

    * Participants will be designated as responders or non-responders based on follow-up RECIST 1.1 measurements * Changes in FLT uptake will be compared between the two groups

    Time frame: Between pre-treatment PET/CT imaging and end of cycle 1 PET/CT imaging (estimated to be 1 month)

  2. Change in FLT uptake

    * Participants will be designated as responders or non-responders based on follow-up RECIST 1.1 measurements * Changes in FLT uptake will be compared between the two groups

    Time frame: Between pre-treatment PET/CT imaging and end of cycle 2 PET/CT imaging (estimated to be 2 months)

Secondary outcomes

  1. Change in FDG uptake

    * Participants will be designated as responders or non-responders based on follow-up RECIST 1.1 measurements * Changes in FDG uptake will be compared between the two groups

    Time frame: Between pre-treatment PET/CT imaging and end of cycle 1 PET/CT imaging (estimated to be 1 month)

  2. Change in FDG uptake

    * Participants will be designated as responders or non-responders based on follow-up RECIST 1.1 measurements * Changes in FDG uptake will be compared between the two groups

    Time frame: Between pre-treatment PET/CT imaging and end of cycle 2 PET/CT imaging (estimated to be 2 months)

  3. Change in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI)

    Time frame: From baseline to the end of second cycle of treatment (estimated to be 2 months)

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Study locations

No study locations are listed for this record.

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References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — Data may be shared with other researchers. The researchers may be doing research at Washington University, at other research centers and institutions, or industry sponsors of research. Data may also be shared with large data repositories. The researchers may be doing research in areas similar to this research or in other unrelated areas.

Supporting information: Study protocol, Icf, Csr

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Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jan 7, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04271436
Lead sponsor
Washington University School of Medicine
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Feb 17, 2020
Start date
Apr 22, 2021
Primary completion
Jan 31, 2025 (estimated)
Completion
Jan 31, 2025 (estimated)
Last update
Jan 7, 2025

Study contacts

Richard L Wahl, M.D.
principal investigator · Washington University School of Medicine

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is withdrawn, as verified in Jan 2025. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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