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TerminatedNCT03957525PPVRPUpdated Apr 20, 2020

Pediatric Preoperative Virtual Reality Program

An interventional study of Pre-Operative Preparatory Virtual Reality Program in Surgery and Anxiety, sponsored by Thoralf Liebs. Terminated at 1 site in Switzerland. Open to participants aged 7 Years to 13 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2020-04-20.

Sponsored by Thoralf Liebs · Not applicable, Interventional, and Other

Why this study was terminated
Recruiting process could not be completed; lack of participants
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
11
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
7 Years to 13 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Does the introduction of a preparatory virtual reality (VR) program that is used in the home environment, have an effect on the anxiety level of children immediately before surgery, prior to administration of preoperative sedatives?

Read the detailed description

Up to 60% of children who require elective surgery report significant anxiety in the preoperative setting. Severe perioperative anxiety of a child poses a major challenge for the surgeon, since it is often accompanied by adverse behavioral and emotional reactions and associated with a complicated operative and postoperative course.

The investigators have made the personal experience that informing the children ahead of time about what to expect in the hospital, decreases child anxiety and increases parent satisfaction.

There is considerable debate on the best way how to inform children about what to expect during their hospital stay. The investigators had a virtual reality application developed that introduces the children to several aspects of the hospital environment. Therefore, these children now ahead of time what they will experience during their hospital stay.

The aim is to evaluate the effect of this preparatory virtual reality application on the anxiety level of children immediately before surgery.

02

Conditions studied

  • Surgery
  • Anxiety

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Keywords

  • Virtual reality
  • Pediatric
  • Anxiety
  • Surgery
  • Anesthesia
  • Intervention
  • Exposure
  • Randomized controlled trial
  • Pediatric urology
  • Orthopedic surgery
  • General Pediatric surgery
  • Pediatric orthopedics
03

In context

Anxiety Disorders

4,868 studies on the registry are indexed under Anxiety Disorders; 1,390 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 11 is below the median of 80 across 4,174 interventional studies indexed under Anxiety Disorders.

Browse Anxiety Disorders studies →

Lead sponsor

This is the only study on the registry with Thoralf Liebs as lead sponsor.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
7 Years to 13 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  1. The child is between the age of 7 and 13 years
  2. The child is undergoing an elective surgical procedure under general anesthesia
  3. The child understands Swiss German
  4. The parent(s) understand(s) German
  5. The parent(s) possess a smart phone
  6. Internet access is given
  7. The patient information has been explained
  8. Informed Consent is signed

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. The child has a hearing impairment
  2. The child has neurologic disorder
  3. The child requires postoperative intensive care
  4. The child has previous experience of anesthesia
  5. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score of III or greater
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Other
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Double (Investigator, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
11 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Orthopaedic Intervention group

    In addition to the written and oral preparation for surgery this arm receives an 'on-boarding' package containing a cardboard VR, a code to download the VR App and a plush penguin.

    Other: Pre-Operative Preparatory Virtual Reality Program

  • No intervention
    Orthopaedic Control group

    Gets written and oral preparation for surgery

  • Experimental
    Urologic Intervention group

    In addition to the written and oral preparation for surgery this arm receives an 'on-boarding' package containing a cardboard VR, a code to download the VR App and a plush penguin.

    Other: Pre-Operative Preparatory Virtual Reality Program

  • No intervention
    Urologic Control group

    Gets written and oral preparation for surgery

  • Experimental
    General Paediatric Surgery Intervention group

    In addition to the written and oral preparation for surgery this arm receives an 'on-boarding' package containing a cardboard VR, a code to download the VR App and a plush penguin.

    Other: Pre-Operative Preparatory Virtual Reality Program

  • No intervention
    General Paediatric Surgery Control group

    Gets written and oral preparation for surgery

Interventions

  • OtherPre-Operative Preparatory Virtual Reality Program

    The Influence of a Pre-Operative Preparatory Virtual Reality Program on the Self-Assessed Anxiety of Children Undergoing Elective Surgery

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Perioperative anxiety level of children immediately before surgery (VAS-A)

    Perioperative anxiety level of children as measured by the Visual Analog Scale for Anxiety (VAS-A), immediately before surgery, prior to administration of preoperative sedatives (T2). The VAS-A scale consists of a 10 cm long, horizontal line, supplemented by two labels: "no anxiety or fear" at the left end, "worst possible anxiety or fear" at the right end of the scale.

    Time frame: 2 - 90 days after recruiting

Secondary outcomes

  1. Perioperative anxiety level of Children VAS-A

    Perioperative anxiety level of children measured at T0, T1 and T3 with VAS-A.

    Time frame: 2 - 90 days after recruiting

  2. Perioperative anxiety level of Children VFAS

    Perioperative anxiety level of children as measured by the Visual Faces Analog Scale (VFAS) scale at T0, T1, T2 and T3. The VFAS scale consists of six different drawings of faces, supplemented by labels as follows: ("Anxiety Level:", "none", "mild", "mild-moderate", "moderate", "moderate-high", "highest")

    Time frame: 2 - 90 days after recruiting

  3. Perioperative anxiety level of accompanying parent

    Perioperative anxiety level of accompanying parent measured at T0, T1 and T2 with the VAS-A and VFAS scale

    Time frame: 14 - 110 days after recruiting

  4. Non-disease specific secondary Outcomes

    The investigators want to evaluate to which extent the VR program is able to improve the patient and parent's level of preparedness for surgery. Unfortunately, there are currently no validated outcome measures available covering these issues. Therefore, we developed a questionnaire assessing the level of preparedness related to seven aspects of the hospital stay, which are particularly illustrated by the VR program.

    Time frame: 14 - 110 days after recruiting

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Inselspital Bern, Clinic for Pediatric Surgery
    Bern, 3010, Switzerland
08

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Apr 20, 2020, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
09

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03957525
Lead sponsor
Thoralf Liebs
Responsible party
Thoralf Liebs (PD Dr. med. Thoralf R. Liebs, consultant orthopaedic surgeon, pediatric orthopaedics, special orthopedic surgery, Insel Gruppe AG, University Hospital Bern) — Sponsor-investigator
First posted
May 21, 2019
Start date
Aug 1, 2019
Primary completion
Mar 31, 2020
Completion
Mar 31, 2020
Last update
Apr 20, 2020

Study contacts

Thoralf Randolf Liebs, PD Dr. med
principal investigator · Department of Pediatric Surgery, Inselspital

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is terminated, as verified in Apr 2020. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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