An interventional study of Peripheral intravenous catheter placement and Blood draw in There is no Focus on Any Specific Condition, sponsored by University of Iowa. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 90 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2019-07-01.
Sponsored by University of Iowa · Not applicable, Interventional, and Supportive care
The purpose of this study is to compare success rates of antegrade and retrograde intravenous (IV) catheters in their ability to aspirate 20 milliliter blood sample within a 2 minute time frame, 3 hours after initial insertion. Antegrade IV catheters are placed identically to conventional IV catheters, with the end of the catheter pointed toward the direction of blood flow to the heart. Retrograde catheters are placed "backwards" with the end of the catheter pointed away from the direction of venous blood flow. The hypothesis is that retrograde IVs will have a significantly higher success rate of blood draw at the 3 hour time mark without use of a proximal tourniquet.
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A 20 gauge 30 millimeter peripheral intravenous catheter will be placed in an upper extremity vein in standard antegrade fashion (with the tip pointed towards the direction of blood flow). Blood draws from this IV catheter will be attempted twice throughout the study. An infusion of 0.9% normal saline will be connected to the catheter and infused at a rate of 20 milliliters per hour to keep open (TKO) for future use by preventing blood clot development within the catheter.
Procedure: Peripheral intravenous catheter placement · Other: Blood draw · Device: Peripheral intravenous catheter · Drug: To keep open (TKO) infusion of 0.9% normal saline
A 20 gauge 30 millimeter peripheral intravenous catheter will be placed in an upper extremity vein in a retrograde fashion (with the tip pointed away from the direction of blood flow). Blood draws from this IV catheter will be attempted twice throughout the study. An infusion of 0.9% normal saline will be connected to the catheter and infused at a rate of 20 milliliters per hour to keep open (TKO) for future use by preventing blood clot development within the catheter.
Procedure: Peripheral intravenous catheter placement · Other: Blood draw · Device: Peripheral intravenous catheter · Drug: To keep open (TKO) infusion of 0.9% normal saline
The region of the upper extremity in which the IV will be placed will be prepped with chlorhexidine and a proximal elastic tourniquet is applied to the upper arm. A 20 gauge 30 millimeter IV catheter is inserted into an upper extremity vein by an anesthesiologist in either an antegrade or retrograde direction depending on which treatment arm the study subject is randomized to.
A 20 milliliter(mL) syringe will be connected to the study IV tubing and used to aspirate 20 mL of blood from the study IV catheter. If 20 mL are unable to be aspirated over a 2 minute time frame, a proximal rubber tourniquet will be applied to the upper arm and the blood draw will be reattempted.This will occur twice throughout the study.
A 20 gauge 30 millimeter long BD Insyte(TM) Autoguard(TM) angiocatheter will be used for peripheral intravenous catheter placement as described above.
After placement of the peripheral intravenous catheter, an infusion of 0.9% normal saline will be connected to the catheter and infused at a rate of 20 milliliters per hour to keep open (TKO) for future use by preventing blood clot development within the catheter.
Ability to aspirate blood samples without tourniquet 3 hours after IV insertion
As compared to IV catheters placed in the standard antegrade fashion, do IV catheters placed in a retrograde direction have a higher blood draw success rate 3 hours after initial insertion, without the use of a tourniquet? Investigators define "blood draw success" as the ability to aspirate 20 mL blood samples within a 2 minute time frame. It is defined as a binary outcome variable: success vs failure. For the primary comparison of success rates in the retrograde vs antegrade IV groups, chi-square test will be used.
Time frame: three hours after IV insertion
Ability to aspirate blood samples without tourniquet at the end of surgery
As compared to IV catheters placed in the standard antegrade fashion, do IV catheters placed in a retrograde direction have a higher blood draw success rate greater than 3 hours after initial insertion, without the use of a tourniquet? Investigators define "blood draw success" as the ability to aspirate 20 mL blood samples within a 2 minute time frame. It is defined as a binary outcome variable: success vs failure. For the primary comparison of success rates in the retrograde vs antegrade IV groups, chi-square test will be used.
Time frame: three to eight hours after IV insertion
Ability to aspirate blood samples with tourniquet (if needed) 3 hours after IV insertion
As compared to IV catheters placed in the standard antegrade fashion, do IV catheters placed in a retrograde direction have a higher blood draw success rate 3 hours after initial insertion, with the use of a tourniquet (if needed)? Investigators define "blood draw success" as the ability to aspirate 20 mL blood samples within a 2 minute time frame. It is defined as a binary outcome variable: success vs failure. For the primary comparison of success rates in the retrograde vs antegrade IV groups, chi-square test will be used.
Time frame: three hours after IV insertion
Ability to aspirate blood samples with tourniquet (if needed) at the end of surgery
As compared to IV catheters placed in the standard antegrade fashion, do IV catheters placed in a retrograde direction have a higher blood draw success rate greater than 3 hours after initial insertion, with the use of a tourniquet (if needed)? Investigators define "blood draw success" as the ability to aspirate 20 mL blood samples within a 2 minute time frame. It is defined as a binary outcome variable: success vs failure. For the primary comparison of success rates in the retrograde vs antegrade IV groups, chi-square test will be used.
Time frame: three to eight hours after IV insertion
Body mass index (BMI) as a predictor of success rate of blood draws 3 hours after IV insertion.
As an exploratory analyses, the effect of BMI as a predictor of success rate of blood draws will be assessed by including the BMI in the logistic regression model where the outcome of interest is the successful blood draw 3 hours after initial insertion.
Time frame: three hours after IV insertion
Plan to share: No
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