ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT03468309MedOPTUpdated Apr 23, 2024Results posted

Medication Optimization Using Pharmacogenetic Testing and the G-DIG to Reduce Polypharmacy in a Mental Health Population

An observational study in Pharmacogenetic Testing, sponsored by Seattle Institute for Biomedical and Clinical Research. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 75 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2024-04-23.

Sponsored by Seattle Institute for Biomedical and Clinical Research · Observational

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Study type
Observational
Model
Case-only
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
53
Ages
18 Years to 75 Years
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-15

Among 140 studies in Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions with a site in United States — 13 open to participants now, 18 under way, 2 of them phase 3. Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions · United States.

Enrollment
28th of 35
53 · median 200
Started
2018
with 5 others
Observational
35 of 140
5 open now
Registered
91st of 140
by date

Among the 140 studies in Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions with a site in United States, this one is the 28th largest by enrollment of the 35 observational ones that give a count, is one of 6 that started in 2018, is one of 35 observational ones, and was the 91st registered.

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions

449 studies on the registry are indexed under Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; 77 are open to participants now.

Browse Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions studies →

Open to participants now

13 of the 140 studies in Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions with a site in United States are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

8 more — sign in →

All 13 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in United States have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in United States →

Who these studies take

Of the 55 Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions studies recruiting now, 37 (67%) set no upper age limit and 15 (27%) stop at 75 or younger; 14 take children under 18; 4 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 18 Years to 75 Years · all sexes · no healthy volunteers.

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02

Study summary

Use of polypharmacy has significantly increased over the past two decades, which has unproven clinical benefit and is associate with an increased the risk of adverse side effects. Pharmacogenetic assays, such as the Genecept® Assay, have the purported benefit of being able to predict response(s) to specific medication based on genetic markers. Thus, this study is a 12-week open-label, naturalistic study of the provision of pharmacogenetic testing and a computerized decision tool for providers to determine the potential efficacy of the assay to reduce polypharmacy and improve patient outcomes.

Read the detailed description

Use of polypharmacy has significantly increased over the past two decades, which has unproven clinical benefit and increased the risk of drug-drug interactions and adverse side effects. Pharmacogenetic assays have the purported benefit of being able to predict response(s) to specific medication based on genetic markers. One such assay is the Genecept® Assay produced by Genomind, which detects 63 allele polymorphisms of 18 genes. In addition, Genomind has developed the Genomind Drug Interaction Guide (G-DIG), which examines drug-drug-gene interactions. This computerized decision tool for medication providers uses the genetic information from the Genecept® Assay to look at the current medications being utilized to determine if there are specific drug-drug interactions that may be relevant given the individual's specific genetic test results.

This is a 12-week open-label, naturalistic study of the provision of pharmacogenetic testing information to both providers and patients. Fifty Veterans within the VAPSHCS who are prescribed polypharmacy, as defined as five or more medications, with at least two prescribed for a mental health diagnosis, and have a sub-optimal treatment effect will be enrolled in this study. Participating subjects will sign informed consent and a sample will be obtained in order to complete the pharmacogenomic testing. Medication providers who are participating in this study will utilize the pharmacogenetic assay results along with the G-DIG tool to design an optimized medication regime. The overall global level of symptoms and other patient symptoms measures will be administered at baseline, 6-weeks, and 12-weeks. The provider's medication plans will be compared before and after the pharmacogenetic assay information is provided. Number of medications will be reviewed to determine any reduction in polypharmacy and healthcare costs. The clinical global improvement scale (CGI) and patient assessments, including measures of depression, anxiety, PTSD, insomnia, pain, drug and alcohol use, quality of life, side effects, and medication adherence will be administered at baseline, 6-weeks, and 12-weeks.

03

Conditions studied

  • Pharmacogenetic Testing

Keywords

  • polypharmacy
  • drug interactions
  • DNA testing
  • mental health diagnosis
  • drug side effects
  • presciption treatment plans
  • mental health medication treatment plans
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 75 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

The subject pool will be drawn from Veterans receiving care at VA Puget Sound Health Care System for mental health diagnosis between the ages of 18-75 who meet all of the inclusion criteria with no indicators to any of the exclusionary criteria.

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  1. Currently receiving outpatient care for mental health diagnosis at VA Puget Sound Health Care System (VA PSHCS) and referred by sub-investigator on listed for study
  2. Currently experiencing a sub-optimal medication response as assessed by either continue symptoms or medication side effects; which in the opinion of their treating provider would indicate or warrant a change in medications
  3. Currently prescribed at least five medications; two being for a mental health diagnosis OR one mental health medication prescribed for mental health diagnosis and one for mediating side effects related to the medication prescribed for the mental health diagnosis.
  4. Between the ages of 18-75.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Any mental health or physical health diagnosis, which in the opinion of their treating prescriber would prevent them from being compliant on a medication regimen or being able to complete the study measures.
  2. Current/active diagnosis of severe alcohol or drug use disorder
  3. Serious medical or mental health symptoms requiring immediate stabilization and/or hospitalization
  4. Impaired decision making capacity that in the clinical judgment of their provider would affect their ability to provide
  5. Self-identification as being current pregnancy
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

05

Study design

Observational model
Case-only
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
53 participants (actual)
Patient registry
No
Biospecimen retention
Samples with dna

Groups and cohorts

  • Genecept Assay and G-DIG decision tool

    Veterans who have been prescribed 5 or more medications, with at least two being for a mental health diagnosis. Also allowable would be one medication for a mental health diagnosis and another medication for side effects related to a medication prescribed for the mental health diagnosis.

    Genetic: Genecept Assay and G-DIG decision tool

Interventions

  • GeneticGenecept Assay and G-DIG decision tool

    Participating providers will review results of the Genecept Assay using a secure web-based program and will utilize the G-DIG tool in order to determine the optimal medication regime for the patient, based on their individual genetic profile. Genomind will provide training to all investigators prior to the study start regarding the interpretation of the pharmacological assay and the use of the G-DIG tool. Genomind representatives will be available throughout the duration of the study for consultation regarding the interpretation and implementation of the testing results. All final decisions about changing dosage, adding medications, or removing medications will be determined by the provider.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Clinical Global Impression

    Clinical Global Impression. Range is 1-6, with 1 = less symptomology and 6 = high symptomology.

    Time frame: Baseline and 12-weeks

Secondary outcomes

  1. Number of Psychiatric Medications

    Number of psychiatric medications prescribed to the patient.

    Time frame: Change from baseline to 12-weeks

  2. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)

    Patient Health Questionnaire-9 is a scale of depression, scores range from 0-27, with 0 representing less depression and 27 representing more depression.

    Time frame: Change from baseline to 12-weeks

  3. Generalized Anxiety Scale-7 (GAD-7)

    Generalized Anxiety Scale-7 is a measure of anxiety, scores range from 0-21, with 0 representing less anxiety and 7 representing more anxiety.

    Time frame: Change from baseline to 12-weeks

07

Results

Posted Feb 28, 2022

Participant flow

recruitment lasted from 10/04/2017 to 12/31/2018

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneGenecept Assay and G-DIG Decision Tool
Started53
Completed47
Not completed6
Withdrew: Lost to follow-up4
Withdrew: Withdrawal by subject2

Outcome measures

PrimaryClinical Global Impression

Clinical Global Impression. Range is 1-6, with 1 = less symptomology and 6 = high symptomology.

Time frame:
Baseline and 12-weeks
Reported as:
Mean · units on a scale
Clinical Global Impression
units on a scaleGenecept Assay and G-DIG Decision Tool
CGI at baseline4.07 ± .62
CGI at 12-weeks3.96 ± .59
Statistical analysis
  • Genecept Assay and G-DIG Decision Tool · t-test, 2 sided · p = <0.05
SecondaryNumber of Psychiatric Medications

Number of psychiatric medications prescribed to the patient.

Time frame:
Change from baseline to 12-weeks
Reported as:
Mean · prescriptions
Number of Psychiatric Medications
prescriptionsGenecept Assay and G-DIG Decision Tool
Psychiatric meds at baseline3.85 ± 1.41
Psychiatric meds at 12-weeks3.70 ± 1.37
Statistical analysis
  • Genecept Assay and G-DIG Decision Tool · t-test, 2 sided · p = <0.05
SecondaryPatient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)

Patient Health Questionnaire-9 is a scale of depression, scores range from 0-27, with 0 representing less depression and 27 representing more depression.

Time frame:
Change from baseline to 12-weeks
Reported as:
Mean · scores
Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)
scoresGenecept Assay and G-DIG Decision Tool
PHQ-9 at baseline15.81 ± 5.68
PHQ-9 at 12-weeks13.43 ± 6.39
Statistical analysis
  • Genecept Assay and G-DIG Decision Tool · ANOVA · p = <0.05Assumption of sphericity had been violated X2(2)=13.61, p\<.01 so Huynh-Feldt correction was used
SecondaryGeneralized Anxiety Scale-7 (GAD-7)

Generalized Anxiety Scale-7 is a measure of anxiety, scores range from 0-21, with 0 representing less anxiety and 7 representing more anxiety.

Time frame:
Change from baseline to 12-weeks
Reported as:
Mean · units on a scale
Generalized Anxiety Scale-7 (GAD-7)
units on a scaleGenecept Assay and G-DIG Decision Tool
GAD-7 at baseline13.60 ± 5.53
GAD-7 at 12-weeks12.02 ± 5.90
Statistical analysis
  • Genecept Assay and G-DIG Decision Tool · ANOVA · p = <0.05

Adverse events

Collected over Baseline, 6-weeks, 12-weeks. Non-serious events are listed at a 0% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Genecept Assay and G-DIG Decision Tool0/53 (0%)0/53 (0%)0/53 (0%)

Baseline characteristics

Participants as described in data tables.

Age, Categorical
Age, Categorical(Participants)Genecept Assay and G-DIG Decision Tool
<=18 years0
Between 18 and 65 years41
>=65 years12
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)Genecept Assay and G-DIG Decision Tool
Female18
Male35
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)(Participants)Genecept Assay and G-DIG Decision Tool
Hispanic or Latino5
Not Hispanic or Latino48
Unknown or Not Reported0
Race (NIH/OMB)
Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants)Genecept Assay and G-DIG Decision Tool
American Indian or Alaska Native2
Asian1
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander1
Black or African American5
White36
More than one race7
Unknown or Not Reported1
Region of Enrollment
Region of Enrollment(Participants)Genecept Assay and G-DIG Decision Tool
United States53
CGI
CGI(units on a scale)Genecept Assay and G-DIG Decision Tool
Mean4.07 ± .62
08

Study locations

1 site
  • VA Puget Sound Health Care System
    Tacoma, Washington 98493, United States
09

References and documents

Publications

  • Wood AE, Agrawal D, Deem AP, Dupper Knoper TL, Merino RF, Molzof HE, Maus LE, Kim F, Lodin Z, Lim S. Medication Optimization Using Pharmacogenomic Testing in a Complex Mental Health Population Prescribed Psychiatric Polypharmacy. J Clin Pharmacol. 2022 Jul;62(7):898-904. doi: 10.1002/jcph.2032. Epub 2022 Mar 4. PubMed 35075665 ↗

Study documents

PDFs hosted by the registry, ClinicalTrials.gov.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

10

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Jan 2018 to primary completion in Apr 2019, 15 months.

Results were first posted in Feb 2022, 2 years 10 months after primary completion.

Of 65 non-industry observational studies under Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, half reached primary completion within 59 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 24. This study's 15 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 69 studies reached it within 45 months; a quarter within 24 and three quarters within 97.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Nov 16, 2017
First posted
Mar 16, 2018
StartActual
Jan 1, 2018
Primary completionActual
Apr 1, 2019
CompletionActual
Apr 17, 2024
Results first posted
Feb 28, 2022
Last update
Apr 23, 2024
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Apr 23, 2024, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03468309
Lead sponsor
Seattle Institute for Biomedical and Clinical Research
Collaborators
Genomind, LLC
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Mar 16, 2018
Start date
Jan 1, 2018
Primary completion
Apr 1, 2019
Completion
Apr 17, 2024
Results posted
Feb 28, 2022
Last update
Apr 23, 2024

Study contacts

Amanda E Wood, PhD.
principal investigator · VA Puget Sound Health Care System

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Feb 2023. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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