ClinicalTrials.gg
Active, not recruitingNCT03414970Updated Feb 24, 2026Results posted

Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy After Mastectomy in Preventing Recurrence in Patients With Stage IIa-IIIa Breast Cancer

A Phase 3 interventional study of Radiation Therapy and Questionnaire Administration in Ductal Breast Carcinoma, Invasive Breast Carcinoma and Lobular Breast Carcinoma, sponsored by Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology. Active, not recruiting at 859 sites in 2 countries. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-02-24.

Sponsored by Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology · Phase 3, Interventional, and Supportive care

Phase
Phase 3
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
898
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-12

Among 50 studies in Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast with a site in United States — 4 open to participants now, 9 under way, 2 of them phase 3. Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast · United States.

Enrollment
3rd of 42
898 · median 48
Started
2018
with 1 other
Phase 3
7 of 50
none open now
Registered
42nd of 50
by date
Lead sponsor
3 of 50
Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology

Among the 50 studies in Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast with a site in United States, this one is the 3rd largest by enrollment of the 42 interventional ones that give a count, is one of 2 that started in 2018, is one of 7 in phase 3, and was the 42nd registered.

Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast

86 studies on the registry are indexed under Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast; 7 are open to participants now.

Browse Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast studies →

Open to participants now

4 of the 50 studies in Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast with a site in United States are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

All 4 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in United States have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in United States →

Who these studies take

Of the 7 Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast studies recruiting now, 5 (71%) set no upper age limit and 2 (29%) stop at 75 or younger; 0 take children under 18; 0 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 18 Years and older · all sexes · no healthy volunteers.

The full table on the hub →

This tab as a report to print or save as PDF → With an account.

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Watch this landscapeDownload CSVNarrow it in search →With an account: a weekly mail of what changed among 50 studies in Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast with a site in United States, or all of them as a file.
02

Study summary

This randomized phase III trial studies how well hypofractionated radiation therapy works in preventing recurrence in patients with stage IIa-IIIa cancer who have undergone mastectomy. Hypofractionated radiation therapy delivers higher doses of radiation therapy over a shorter period of time and may kill more tumor cells that remain after surgery and have fewer side effects.

Read the detailed description

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To evaluate whether the reconstruction complication rate at 24 months post radiation is non-inferior with hypofractionation.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To evaluate the incidence of acute and late radiation complications, based on Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) 4.0 toxicity.

II. To evaluate the local and local regional recurrence rate. III. To compare reconstruction complication rates based on reconstruction method (autologous +/- implant versus [vs] implant only) and timing of reconstruction received (immediate vs. intent for delayed).

TERTIARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To evaluate reconstructed breast photographic cosmetic scores with hypofractionated radiation compared to standard fractionation 24 months after radiation.

II. To evaluate reconstructed breast photographic cosmetic scores 24 months after radiation based on the method and timing of reconstruction received.

III. To estimate the incidence of arm lymphedema by treatment arm. IV. To compare physical well-being, psychosocial well-being, sexual well-being, satisfaction with breast/nipples/abdomen, and satisfaction with overall outcome between the treatment arms at 24 months after radiation.

V. To estimate patient satisfaction with trial participation by treatment arm as measured by the Was It Worth It Questionnaire at 24 months after radiation.

VI. To compare the direct and indirect patient costs for radiation therapy by treatment arm.

VII. To compare patient reported total health care service utilization 12 months after the completion of radiation.

VIII. To compare the economic impact of treatment. IX. To analyze polymorphisms in MDM2 and in genes including TP53, ATM, TGFB1, IL4, IL6, and IL10 and determine correlations with a higher likelihood of adverse radiation reactions (radiation sensitivity) and with toxicities.

X. To analyze polymorphisms in MDM2 and in genes including TP53, ATM, TGFB1, IL4, IL6, and IL10 to determine correlations with secondary endpoints such as local-regional control.

OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 groups.

GROUP I: Patients undergo radiation therapy daily on Monday-Friday for 5-6 weeks.

GROUP II: Patients undergo hypofractionated radiation therapy daily on Monday-Friday for 3-4 weeks.

After completion of study, patients are followed up for 5 years.

03

Conditions studied

  • Ductal Breast Carcinoma
  • Invasive Breast Carcinoma
  • Lobular Breast Carcinoma
  • Medullary Breast Carcinoma
  • Stage II Breast Cancer
  • Stage IIA Breast Cancer
  • Stage IIB Breast Cancer
  • Stage IIIA Breast Cancer
  • Tubular Breast Carcinoma
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

  • confirmed invasive carcinoma of the breast of any of the following histologies (ductal, lobular, mammary, medullary, or tubular); patients with metaplastic breast cancer are not eligible
  • Patients will be staged according to the TNM staging system

    • For patients not receiving chemotherapy, pathologic staging must be T0N1-2a, T1N1-2a, T2N1-2a, T3N0-2a, and all M0 status
    • For patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy, clinical pre-chemo staging and post mastectomy pathological staging is required for all patients; patients who have received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and are pathologically cT0-2 and N0 are only eligible if -proven clinically N1 or N2 disease is documented prior to the start of neoadjuvant chemotherapy; cT3N0 patients or ypT3N0 patients who receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy may be eligible based on clinical or pathological T stage, and do not require pathologically positive lymph nodes
    • Note: Higher of the clinical or pathological T and N stage are used for final staging, if receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy; all patients with clinical, radiographic or pathological T4, N3 or involved internal mammary disease (N1b, N1c, and N2b) are not eligible. N1mic patients are eligible.
  • No prior therapeutic radiation therapy to the chest, neck or axilla; prior radioactive oral iodine is permitted
  • No prior history of ipsilateral breast cancer (invasive disease or ductal breast carcinoma in situ [DCIS]); lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) and benign breast disease is allowed
  • No history of prior or concurrent contralateral invasive breast cancer; benign breast disease, LCIS or DCIS of contralateral breast is allowed
  • No active collagen vascular diseases, such as: systemic lupus erythematous, scleroderma, or dermatomyositis
  • Negative inked histologic margins from mastectomy pathology (no invasive cells at margin). Patients with DCIS at margin are eligible.
  • No significant post mastectomy complications in the ipsilateral breast requiring an unplanned re-operation or admission for intravenous (IV) antibiotics; re-operation for margins evaluation, nodal completion and routine reconstruction is acceptable
  • Radiation oncologist intends to treat all target volumes and respect all normal tissues in accordance with the dosimetric constraints described (simulation before registration recommended)
  • Radiation oncologist is planning to treat regional lymph nodes including internal mammary nodes and meet acceptable protocol dosimetric requirements
  • Radiation oncologist is NOT planning to utilize a chest wall/scar boost
  • Patient must have undergone immediate reconstruction at the time of mastectomy or be planning to undergo reconstruction within 18 months after radiation
  • Treating physician and patient must plan to start radiation treatment within the timeframes specified in protocol.
  • If a tissue expander is utilized it needs to be a fluid filled expander, NO air expander (unless completely deflated) during radiation therapy
  • For patients with diabetes, test must have been performed =\< 90 days prior to registration
  • No co-existing medical conditions with \< 5 years
  • No other within 5 years of registration with the exception of basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin treated with local resection only or carcinoma in situ of the cervix
  • Negative pregnancy test (serum or urine HCG) in women of ≤ 7 days prior to registration. Patients who have received a bilateral tubal ligation still require a negative pregnancy test for eligibility. A female of childbearing potential is a sexually mature female who has not undergone a hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy and has not been naturally for at least 12 consecutive months
  • Women of child-bearing potential must agree to utilize a form of or agree to undergo sexual abstinence during radiation therapy
  • (ECOG) (Zubrod) performance status 0-1
  • Patients must be able to read and comprehend English, in order to be able to complete study questionnaires; however, patients participating through Canadian Cancer Trials Group (CCTG) institutions who can read and comprehend French are eligible
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(10)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Histologically or cytologically confirmed

The diagnosis was confirmed by looking at a sample under a microscope: tissue from a biopsy or surgery (histology), or cells from a fluid or needle sample (cytology).

Your pathology report is the document that shows this.

Adjuvant and neoadjuvant

Neoadjuvant treatment is given before the main treatment (usually surgery), often to shrink a tumour. Adjuvant treatment is given after it, to lower the chance of the cancer coming back.

Biopsy and archival tissue

A biopsy takes a small piece of tissue to examine. “Archival tissue” is a sample already taken, for example at diagnosis, and kept by the hospital.

Whether a stored sample will do depends on when it was taken, how much there is and what the study needs. Ask whether the study accepts your stored sample or needs a new biopsy.

HbA1c

A blood test of average blood sugar over the past two to three months, given as a percentage or in mmol/mol. 6.5% (48 mmol/mol) or more is the usual threshold for diabetes, normally confirmed by a second test.

Life expectancy

The study doctor’s estimate of how long someone is likely to live. Criteria use it so that people can stay in the study long enough for it to answer its question.

Cancer (malignancy)

Malignancy means cancer. Criteria about another or earlier malignancy ask whether you have had a different cancer, usually within a set number of years.

Some are commonly allowed, such as treated skin cancers other than melanoma and early cancers removed completely — check the exceptions this study lists.

Childbearing potential

Able to become pregnant: from the first period until menopause, unless permanently unable to through surgery (removal of the womb, or of both ovaries or both fallopian tubes).

Criteria for people of childbearing potential usually ask for a negative pregnancy test and for contraception during the study and for a time after it.

Postmenopausal

Periods have stopped for good: usually no period for 12 months in a row without another medical reason, sometimes confirmed by a blood test (FSH).

Contraception

Ways of preventing pregnancy. “Highly effective” methods fail less than 1% of the time a year when used correctly — for example an IUD or an implant.

Criteria usually say which methods count and how long to keep using them after the last dose, sometimes for male participants too. Some studies accept a partner’s vasectomy if it was confirmed successful and that person is the participant’s only sexual partner.

ECOG performance status

A scale of how much an illness limits everyday activity. For people being assessed to join a study, scores run from 0 (fully active) to 4; lower is more active.

0
Fully active, no restrictions.
1
Limited in strenuous activity, but walking and able to do light work, such as housework or office work.
2
Walking and able to look after yourself, but unable to work; up and about more than half of waking hours.
3
Able to look after yourself only in part; in bed or a chair more than half of waking hours.
4
Unable to look after yourself at all; in bed or a chair all day.

Studies most often ask for 0–1 or 0–2. Your doctor gives the score; the WHO scale uses the same steps. The full scale also has 5, which records death.

05

Study design

Phase
Phase 3
Primary purpose
Supportive care
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
898 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Active comparator
    Group I (radiation therapy)

    Patients undergo radiation therapy daily on Monday-Friday for 5-6 weeks.

    Radiation: Radiation Therapy · Other: Questionnaire Administration · Other: Quality-of-Life Assessment · Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis

  • Experimental
    Group II (hypofractionated radiation therapy)

    Patients undergo hypofractionated radiation therapy daily on Monday-Friday for 3-4 weeks.

    Other: Questionnaire Administration · Other: Quality-of-Life Assessment · Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis · Radiation: Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy

Interventions

  • RadiationRadiation Therapy

    Undergo RT

  • OtherQuestionnaire Administration

    Ancillary studies

  • OtherQuality-of-Life Assessment

    Ancillary studies

  • OtherLaboratory Biomarker Analysis

    Correlative studies

  • RadiationHypofractionated Radiation Therapy

    Undergo hypofractionated RT

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Proportion of Breast Reconstruction Complications

    The primary endpoint of this trial is the rate of ipsilateral breast reconstruction complications defined (in the protocol in 10.0. Measurement of effect) as; Capsular contracture (Baker Grade III or IV only), Complete failure of the implant/skin flap, Unplanned admission for reconstruction related issue(s) including but not limited to infection, wound healing complication or pain, Unplanned return to the operating room for recon related issue including but not limited to infection, prosthesis exposure, failed reconstruction, implant removal, wound healing complications or contracture management. Note: Routine revisions such as dog-ear corrections, fat grafting, and contralateral breast revision will be recorded, but not counted towards the primary endpoint; ii) Complications related to the contralateral breast will be collected but will not count towards the assessment of the primary endpoint, ipsilateral breast complications will be counted towards the primary endpoint.

    Time frame: 24 months

Secondary outcomes

  1. Incidence of Acute and Late Radiation Complications Based on Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events 4.0 Toxicity

    The proportion of patients with acute or late radiation complications, will be estimated separately by treatment arm and will be compared across the two arms using two-sample test of proportions (Z test) with a two-sided alternative.

    Time frame: 5 years

  2. Local and Local Regional Recurrence

    The cumulative incidence of local and local regional recurrence will be estimated separately by treatment arm using the cumulative incidence function treating death as the competing risk and will be compared using Gray's test.

    Time frame: 3 years

  3. Local and Local Regional Recurrence-free Survival

    Local and local regional recurrence free survival rate at three years will be summarized for each arm using the Kaplan-Meier estimators, and will be compared using a log rank test. Any recurrence or death will be considered an event.

    Time frame: 3 years

  4. Reconstruction Complication Rates Based on Reconstruction Method (Autologous +/- Implant Versus [vs.] Implant Only) and Timing of Reconstruction Received (Immediate vs. Intent for Delayed)

    Between-arm differences in reconstruction complication rates will be assessed separately within each of the six subgroups based on type and timing of reconstruction. Between-arm differences in complication rates will also be assessed within the two broader subgroups of patients who receive implant only and those who receive autologous based reconstruction. Within each subgroup, the comparison will be done using a two-sample Z test of proportions with a two-sided alternative.

    Time frame: Up to 5 years

  5. Reconstructed Breast Photographic Cosmetic Scores

    Two year photographic cosmetic scores will be summarized by treatment arm and will be compared across the treatment arms using a Wilcoxon rank-sum test with a two-sided alternative. The proportions of patients with poor global cosmetic score (defined as a cosmetic score of 3: poor or large difference) at 24 months after radiation will be summarized separately by treatment arm and will be compared using a two-sample test of proportions with a two-sided alternative.

    Time frame: At 24 months

  6. Reconstructed Breast Photographic Cosmetic Scores Based on the Method and Timing of Reconstruction Received

    Two year photographic cosmetic scores and the proportions of patients with poor global cosmetic score will be assessed separately by timing and method of reconstruction subgroups using similar method described above.

    Time frame: At 24 months

  7. Incidence of Arm Lymphedema as Measured by Percent Change in Ipsilateral Arm Volume Post-radiation From Its Pre-radiation Volume

    The proportions of patients with arm lymphedema (defined as a change of 10% or greater in ipsilateral arm volume from the pre-radiation therapy \[RT\] volume) at 2 year post radiation will be summarized and will be compared across the two treatment arms using a two-sample test of proportions (Z test) with a two-sided alternative. Change in ipsilateral arm volume at each of the following time-points: 6, 12, 24 and 60 months post-radiation (relative to pre-RT) will be compared using a two sample t-test with a two-sided alternative. The changes in arm volume at these time points will also be analyzed as a repeated measure using a linear mixed model with patient as the random effect.

    Time frame: Up to 5 years

  8. Physical Well-being, Psychosocial Well-being, Sexual Well-being, Satisfaction With Breast/Nipples/Abdomen, and Satisfaction With Overall Outcome

    Change in Lymphedema and Breast Cancer Questionnaire and Breast Lymphedema scores at 24 months post-radiation (relative to pre-RT) and patient satisfaction scores as measured by the Breast Questionnaire overall outcome scale will be summarized and will be compared across the treatment arms using a two-sample t-test with a two-sided alternative. Linear mixed models will also be used to assess these scores longitudinally.

    Time frame: At to 24 months

  9. Patient Satisfaction With Trial Participation by Treatment Arm as Measured by the Was It Worth It Questionnaire

    Was It Worth It questionnaire responses to each of the five questions at 24 months will be summarized and the will be compared across treatment arms using a chi-square tests with a two-sided alternative.

    Time frame: At 24 months

  10. Economic Analyses

    Direct costs of medical care to each patient will be estimated using utilization information from the health care expense survey and the health care utilization survey, along with publicly available Medicare reimbursement rates. In particular, based on the reported number of outpatient visits to the radiation oncologist, medical oncologist, surgeon who performed mastectomy, plastic surgeon or physical therapist, and the number of visits to the emergency room, the number of hospital admissions, and the number of surgical procedures to breast reconstruction, Medicare reimbursement rates can be used to estimate what the direct cost to each patient would be if that patient were covered by Medicare. Generalized linear models will then be used to model these costs as a function of treatment, time on study, and all available baseline patient characteristics to assess the extent to which estimated direct cost is impacted by the type of radiation dosing.

    Time frame: Up to 5 years

07

Results

Posted Feb 24, 2026

Participant flow

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneGroup I (Radiation Therapy)Group II (Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy)
Started449449
Completed403422
Not completed4627
Withdrew: Withdrawal by subject308
Withdrew: Other complicating disease34
Withdrew: Ineligible914
Withdrew: Adverse event10
Withdrew: Alternative therapy prior to beginning protocol therapy11
Withdrew: Failed to begin protocol therapy due to other reasons20

Outcome measures

PrimaryProportion of Breast Reconstruction Complications

The primary endpoint of this trial is the rate of ipsilateral breast reconstruction complications defined (in the protocol in 10.0. Measurement of effect) as; Capsular contracture (Baker Grade III or IV only), Complete failure of the implant/skin flap, Unplanned admission for reconstruction related issue(s) including but not limited to infection, wound healing complication or pain, Unplanned return to the operating room for recon related issue including but not limited to infection, prosthesis exposure, failed reconstruction, implant removal, wound healing complications or contracture management. Note: Routine revisions such as dog-ear corrections, fat grafting, and contralateral breast revision will be recorded, but not counted towards the primary endpoint; ii) Complications related to the contralateral breast will be collected but will not count towards the assessment of the primary endpoint, ipsilateral breast complications will be counted towards the primary endpoint.

Time frame:
24 months
Reported as:
Number · proportion of participants
Proportion of Breast Reconstruction Complications
proportion of participantsGroup I (Radiation Therapy)Group II (Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy)
Proportion of Breast Reconstruction Complications0.1020.123
SecondaryIncidence of Acute and Late Radiation Complications Based on Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events 4.0 Toxicity

The proportion of patients with acute or late radiation complications, will be estimated separately by treatment arm and will be compared across the two arms using two-sample test of proportions (Z test) with a two-sided alternative.

Time frame:
5 years
Reported as:
Number · proportion of participants
Incidence of Acute and Late Radiation Complications Based on Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events 4.0 Toxicity
proportion of participantsGroup I (Radiation Therapy)Group II (Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy)
Acute Radiation0.077.050
Late Radiation0.0600.063
SecondaryLocal and Local Regional Recurrence

The cumulative incidence of local and local regional recurrence will be estimated separately by treatment arm using the cumulative incidence function treating death as the competing risk and will be compared using Gray's test.

Time frame:
3 years
Reported as:
Number · percentage of patients with event
Local and Local Regional Recurrence
percentage of patients with eventGroup I (Radiation Therapy)Group II (Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy)
Local and Local Regional Recurrence2.2 (0.2 to 2.3)0.7 (0.2 to 2.2)
SecondaryLocal and Local Regional Recurrence-free Survival

Local and local regional recurrence free survival rate at three years will be summarized for each arm using the Kaplan-Meier estimators, and will be compared using a log rank test. Any recurrence or death will be considered an event.

Time frame:
3 years
Reported as:
Number · percentage of patients without event
Local and Local Regional Recurrence-free Survival
percentage of patients without eventGroup I (Radiation Therapy)Group II (Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy)
Local and Local Regional Recurrence-free Survival96.2 (94.3 to 98.2)97.0 (95.4 to 98.7)
SecondaryReconstruction Complication Rates Based on Reconstruction Method (Autologous +/- Implant Versus [vs.] Implant Only) and Timing of Reconstruction Received (Immediate vs. Intent for Delayed)

Between-arm differences in reconstruction complication rates will be assessed separately within each of the six subgroups based on type and timing of reconstruction. Between-arm differences in complication rates will also be assessed within the two broader subgroups of patients who receive implant only and those who receive autologous based reconstruction. Within each subgroup, the comparison will be done using a two-sample Z test of proportions with a two-sided alternative.

Time frame:
Up to 5 years

Results for this outcome have not been posted.

SecondaryReconstructed Breast Photographic Cosmetic Scores

Two year photographic cosmetic scores will be summarized by treatment arm and will be compared across the treatment arms using a Wilcoxon rank-sum test with a two-sided alternative. The proportions of patients with poor global cosmetic score (defined as a cosmetic score of 3: poor or large difference) at 24 months after radiation will be summarized separately by treatment arm and will be compared using a two-sample test of proportions with a two-sided alternative.

Time frame:
At 24 months

Results for this outcome have not been posted.

SecondaryReconstructed Breast Photographic Cosmetic Scores Based on the Method and Timing of Reconstruction Received

Two year photographic cosmetic scores and the proportions of patients with poor global cosmetic score will be assessed separately by timing and method of reconstruction subgroups using similar method described above.

Time frame:
At 24 months

Results for this outcome have not been posted.

SecondaryIncidence of Arm Lymphedema as Measured by Percent Change in Ipsilateral Arm Volume Post-radiation From Its Pre-radiation Volume

The proportions of patients with arm lymphedema (defined as a change of 10% or greater in ipsilateral arm volume from the pre-radiation therapy \[RT\] volume) at 2 year post radiation will be summarized and will be compared across the two treatment arms using a two-sample test of proportions (Z test) with a two-sided alternative. Change in ipsilateral arm volume at each of the following time-points: 6, 12, 24 and 60 months post-radiation (relative to pre-RT) will be compared using a two sample t-test with a two-sided alternative. The changes in arm volume at these time points will also be analyzed as a repeated measure using a linear mixed model with patient as the random effect.

Time frame:
Up to 5 years

Results for this outcome have not been posted.

SecondaryPhysical Well-being, Psychosocial Well-being, Sexual Well-being, Satisfaction With Breast/Nipples/Abdomen, and Satisfaction With Overall Outcome

Change in Lymphedema and Breast Cancer Questionnaire and Breast Lymphedema scores at 24 months post-radiation (relative to pre-RT) and patient satisfaction scores as measured by the Breast Questionnaire overall outcome scale will be summarized and will be compared across the treatment arms using a two-sample t-test with a two-sided alternative. Linear mixed models will also be used to assess these scores longitudinally.

Time frame:
At to 24 months

Results for this outcome have not been posted.

SecondaryPatient Satisfaction With Trial Participation by Treatment Arm as Measured by the Was It Worth It Questionnaire

Was It Worth It questionnaire responses to each of the five questions at 24 months will be summarized and the will be compared across treatment arms using a chi-square tests with a two-sided alternative.

Time frame:
At 24 months

Results for this outcome have not been posted.

SecondaryEconomic Analyses

Direct costs of medical care to each patient will be estimated using utilization information from the health care expense survey and the health care utilization survey, along with publicly available Medicare reimbursement rates. In particular, based on the reported number of outpatient visits to the radiation oncologist, medical oncologist, surgeon who performed mastectomy, plastic surgeon or physical therapist, and the number of visits to the emergency room, the number of hospital admissions, and the number of surgical procedures to breast reconstruction, Medicare reimbursement rates can be used to estimate what the direct cost to each patient would be if that patient were covered by Medicare. Generalized linear models will then be used to model these costs as a function of treatment, time on study, and all available baseline patient characteristics to assess the extent to which estimated direct cost is impacted by the type of radiation dosing.

Time frame:
Up to 5 years

Results for this outcome have not been posted.

Adverse events

Collected over Adverse events were followed for 73 months and mortality was followed for 80 months.. Non-serious events are listed at a 0% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Group I (Radiation Therapy)15/431 (3.5%)48/431 (11.1%)405/431 (94%)
Group II (Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy)10/443 (2.3%)58/443 (13.1%)424/443 (95.7%)
Most frequent serious events
Showing 10 of 67
Most frequent serious events
EventGroup I (Radiation Therapy)Group II (Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy)
Breast infectionInfections and infestations8/4314/443
FatigueGeneral disorders and administration site conditions7/4313/443
Skin infectionInfections and infestations1/4317/443
Joint range of motion decreasedMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders2/4317/443
Peripheral sensory neuropathyNervous system disorders6/4311/443
Wound dehiscenceInjury, poisoning and procedural complications3/4316/443
Dermatitis radiationInjury, poisoning and procedural complications5/4315/443
Chest wall painMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders5/4315/443
Wound infectionInfections and infestations3/4315/443
Wound complicationInjury, poisoning and procedural complications2/4315/443
Most frequent other events
Showing 10 of 220
Most frequent other events
EventGroup I (Radiation Therapy)Group II (Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy)
Dermatitis radiationInjury, poisoning and procedural complications379/431369/443
FatigueGeneral disorders and administration site conditions319/431346/443
Joint range of motion decreasedMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders182/431197/443
Chest wall painMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders181/431196/443
Peripheral sensory neuropathyNervous system disorders133/431150/443
LymphedemaVascular disorders133/431131/443
Superficial soft tissue fibrosisMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders104/431129/443
Skin hyperpigmentationSkin and subcutaneous tissue disorders84/431114/443
Fibrosis deep connective tissueMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders71/43183/443
TelangiectasiaSkin and subcutaneous tissue disorders46/43161/443

Baseline characteristics

All enrolled patients

Age, Continuous
Age, Continuous(years)Group I (Radiation Therapy)Group II (Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy)Total
Mean49.5 ± 10.5649.4 ± 10.7049.4 ± 10.63
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)Group I (Radiation Therapy)Group II (Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy)Total
Female449449898
Male000
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)(Participants)Group I (Radiation Therapy)Group II (Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy)Total
Hispanic or Latino323769
Not Hispanic or Latino383392775
Unknown or Not Reported342054
Race (NIH/OMB)
Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants)Group I (Radiation Therapy)Group II (Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy)Total
American Indian or Alaska Native011
Asian181937
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander011
Black or African American414485
White357349706
More than one race235
Unknown or Not Reported313263
08

Study locations

859 sites

Showing the first 100 of 859 sites across 2 countries. Choose a country and city above to see the rest.

09

References and documents

Study documents

PDFs hosted by the registry, ClinicalTrials.gov.

10

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reached

Ran from Mar 2018 to primary completion in Feb 2024, 70 months.

Results were first posted in Feb 2026, 2 years after primary completion.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Jan 17, 2018
First posted
Jan 30, 2018
StartActual
Mar 12, 2018
Primary completionActual
Feb 1, 2024
CompletionEst.
Aug 2035
Results first posted
Feb 24, 2026
Last update
Feb 24, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Feb 24, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03414970
Collaborators
National Cancer Institute (NCI), Canadian Cancer Trials Group
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jan 30, 2018
Start date
Mar 12, 2018
Primary completion
Feb 1, 2024
Completion
Aug 2035 (estimated)
Results posted
Feb 24, 2026
Last update
Feb 24, 2026

Study contacts

Matthew Poppe, MD
study chair · Huntsman Cancer Hospital, University of Utah

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
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Not currently enrolling

This study is active, not recruiting, as verified in Feb 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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Nothing here yet. If you are running this trial, taking part in it, or weighing whether to, this is the place to say so.

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