CClinicalTrials.gg
TerminatedNCT03405311Updated Feb 17, 2026Results posted

3D Ultrasound-guided Labor Epidural Analgesia in the Morbid Obese Parturient

An interventional study of Rivanna Accuro 3D Ultrasound Device and Palpation in Obesity, Morbid, Pregnancy and Pain, sponsored by The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston. Terminated at 1 site in United States. Open to female participants aged 18 Years to 50 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-02-17.

Sponsored by The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Why this study was terminated
The study device is not working, and there is no funding available to purchase or rent a new one.
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
40
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 50 Years
Sex
Female
01

Study summary

This study will be a randomized control study, with the objective to evaluate epidural analgesia success rates between the two methods (Blind Approach versus Accuro Device).

Read the detailed description

Worldwide obesity has become an epidemic. The obstetrical population is no exception. This made more challenging for anesthesiologists on labor and delivery units to administer epidural analgesia. According to the World Health Organization, more than 30% of U.S. adults are obese with a body mass index (BMI; in kg/m2) ≥ 30. Recent data has shown that increased BMI has been associated with increased neuraxial analgesic failure and difficulty with prolonged epidural placement time.

The 'Blind approach' is the current standard of care in administering neuraxial anesthesia. The physician palpates the patient's spinal bony landmarks; the needle is placed in relation to identified landmarks and inserted until loss of resistance is felt. In the obese population, the success rates are as low as 68%. Recently the FDA has approved a handheld device "The Accuro" as an adjunct for neuraxial analgesia (Rivanna Medical, LLC). It consists of a three-dimensional ultrasound device. By utilizing sound waves it constructs three-dimensional images of the spinal column, allowing the physician to better see the spine in order to perform spinal/epidural anesthesia.

Hypothesize that this device will enable clinicians to assess epidural spaces for epidural needle placement compared with the traditional Blind approach in the morbidly obese parturient.

This study will be a randomized control study, with the objective to evaluate epidural analgesia success rates between the two methods (Blind Approach versus Accuro Device). Also, will determine if ultrasound based landmarks would reduce the needle tract and thereby reduced the amount of post-procedure pain at the insertion site in the peripartum period by using the algometer.

02

Conditions studied

  • Obesity, Morbid
  • Pregnancy
  • Pain

Keywords

  • Labor analgesia
  • Ultrasound
  • Obesity, Morbid
  • Pregnancy
  • Labor Epidural Analgesia
03

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 50 Years
Sexes eligible
Female
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status class I, II, or III.
  • Term pregnancy.
  • Requesting epidural analgesia for anticipated vaginal delivery.
  • BMI>or = 40.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Contraindication for epidural analgesia
  • Inability to adequately understand the consent form.
  • Incarcerated patients.
  • Patients with known spinal deformities.
  • Allergies to ultrasound gel.
  • Allergies to local anesthetics
04

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Double (Participant, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
40 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Active comparator
    Palpation

    The control group (Group 2: Epidural) will receive the 'Blind/standard approach', which is the current standard of care using palpation in administering labor epidural analgesia. Additionally, an anesthesiologist will scan patient's back with Accuro device in turn off mode.

    Other: Palpation

  • Experimental
    Rivanna Accuro 3D Ultrasound Device

    The treatment group (Group 1: Ultrasound and Epidural) will receive epidural analgesia using ultrasound pre-procedural scan with the ACCURO device.

    Device: Rivanna Accuro 3D Ultrasound Device

Interventions

  • DeviceRivanna Accuro 3D Ultrasound Device

    The treatment group (Group 1: Ultrasound and Epidural) will receive epidural analgesia using ultrasound pre-procedural scan with the ACCURO device

  • OtherPalpation

    The control group (Group 2: Epidural) will receive the 'Blind approach/palpation', which is using palpation in administering labor epidural analgesia. Additionally, anesthesiologist will scan patient's back with Accuro device in turned off mode

05

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Number of Needle Insertion Attempts Calculated Across All Participants

    An epidural insertion attempt will be defined as advancement of the needle in an effort to enter the epidural space; a needle requiring withdrawal for redirection or reinsertion through the skin/another skin puncture will be counted as an additional attempt.

    Time frame: Beginning of needle insertion till catheter placement-15 minutes

  2. Number of Participants With Successful Epidural Catheter Placements

    Number of Participants With Successful Epidural Catheter Placements.

    Time frame: Within first 90 minutes following catheter placement

  3. Number of Needle Insertion Redirections Calculated Across All Participants

    An epidural insertion attempt will be defined as advancement of the needle in an effort to enter the epidural space; a needle requiring withdrawal for redirection or reinsertion through the skin/another skin puncture will be counted as an additional attempt.

    Time frame: Beginning of needle insertion till catheter placement-15 minutes

Secondary outcomes

  1. Procedural Difficulty Rated by the Performing Anesthesiologist on a 10-point Likert Scale

    Procedural difficulty will be rated by the performing anesthesiologist on a 10-point Likert scale from one (easy) to ten (extremely difficult).

    Time frame: Beginning of needle insertion till catheter placement-15 minutes

  2. Needle Depth

    We will also record thouy needle depth from skin and measured depth by ultrasound.

    Time frame: Beginning of needle insertion till catheter placement-15 minutes

  3. Pressure Pain Thresholds

    Pressure pain thresholds will be obtained immediately prior to the epidural placement using the pressure pain device.

    Time frame: Before epidural placement

  4. Number of Complications Recorded Calculated Across All Participants

    The number of complications related to the epidural recorded within 30 days of admission.

    Time frame: Within 30 days of admission

06

Results

Posted Feb 17, 2026

Participant flow

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestonePalpationRivanna Accuro 3D Ultrasound Device
Started2020
Completed2020
Not completed00

Outcome measures

PrimaryNumber of Needle Insertion Attempts Calculated Across All Participants

An epidural insertion attempt will be defined as advancement of the needle in an effort to enter the epidural space; a needle requiring withdrawal for redirection or reinsertion through the skin/another skin puncture will be counted as an additional attempt.

Time frame:
Beginning of needle insertion till catheter placement-15 minutes
Reported as:
Number · number of attempts
Number of Needle Insertion Attempts Calculated Across All Participants
number of attemptsPalpationRivanna Accuro 3D Ultrasound Device
Number of Needle Insertion Attempts Calculated Across All Participants22
PrimaryNumber of Participants With Successful Epidural Catheter Placements

Number of Participants With Successful Epidural Catheter Placements.

Time frame:
Within first 90 minutes following catheter placement
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Number of Participants With Successful Epidural Catheter Placements
ParticipantsPalpationRivanna Accuro 3D Ultrasound Device
Number of Participants With Successful Epidural Catheter Placements2020
SecondaryProcedural Difficulty Rated by the Performing Anesthesiologist on a 10-point Likert Scale

Procedural difficulty will be rated by the performing anesthesiologist on a 10-point Likert scale from one (easy) to ten (extremely difficult).

Time frame:
Beginning of needle insertion till catheter placement-15 minutes
Reported as:
Mean · score on a scale
Procedural Difficulty Rated by the Performing Anesthesiologist on a 10-point Likert Scale
score on a scalePalpationRivanna Accuro 3D Ultrasound Device
Procedural Difficulty Rated by the Performing Anesthesiologist on a 10-point Likert Scale3 (1 to 10)3 (1 to 10)
SecondaryNeedle Depth

We will also record thouy needle depth from skin and measured depth by ultrasound.

Time frame:
Beginning of needle insertion till catheter placement-15 minutes
Reported as:
Mean · cm
Needle Depth
cmPalpationRivanna Accuro 3D Ultrasound Device
Needle Depth7.2 ± 1.37.2 ± 1.3
SecondaryPressure Pain Thresholds

Pressure pain thresholds will be obtained immediately prior to the epidural placement using the pressure pain device.

Time frame:
Before epidural placement
Reported as:
Median · Newtons
Pressure Pain Thresholds
NewtonsPalpationRivanna Accuro 3D Ultrasound Device
Pressure Pain Thresholds48 ± 1945 ± 19
SecondaryNumber of Complications Recorded Calculated Across All Participants

The number of complications related to the epidural recorded within 30 days of admission.

Time frame:
Within 30 days of admission
Reported as:
Number · number of complications
Number of Complications Recorded Calculated Across All Participants
number of complicationsPalpationRivanna Accuro 3D Ultrasound Device
Number of Complications Recorded Calculated Across All Participants00
PrimaryNumber of Needle Insertion Redirections Calculated Across All Participants

An epidural insertion attempt will be defined as advancement of the needle in an effort to enter the epidural space; a needle requiring withdrawal for redirection or reinsertion through the skin/another skin puncture will be counted as an additional attempt.

Time frame:
Beginning of needle insertion till catheter placement-15 minutes
Reported as:
Number · number of redirections
Number of Needle Insertion Redirections Calculated Across All Participants
number of redirectionsPalpationRivanna Accuro 3D Ultrasound Device
Number of Needle Insertion Redirections Calculated Across All Participants22

Adverse events

Collected over 3 days. Non-serious events are listed at a 5% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Palpation0/20 (0%)0/20 (0%)0/20 (0%)
Rivanna Accuro 3D Ultrasound Device0/20 (0%)0/20 (0%)0/20 (0%)

Baseline characteristics

Age, Categorical
Age, Categorical(Participants)PalpationRivanna Accuro 3D Ultrasound DeviceTotal
<=18 years000
Between 18 and 65 years202040
>=65 years000
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)PalpationRivanna Accuro 3D Ultrasound DeviceTotal
Female202040
Male000
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)(Participants)PalpationRivanna Accuro 3D Ultrasound DeviceTotal
Hispanic or Latino8816
Not Hispanic or Latino101121
Unknown or Not Reported213
07

Study locations

1 site
  • The University of Texas Medical Branch
    Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
08

References and documents

Study documents

  • Protocol and statistical analysis plan · Jan 11, 2019

Documents are hosted by the registry — open the source record to download them.

09

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03405311
Lead sponsor
The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jan 23, 2018
Start date
Feb 20, 2018
Primary completion
Jan 11, 2024
Completion
Jan 11, 2024
Results posted
Feb 17, 2026
Last update
Feb 17, 2026

Study contacts

Rovnat Babazade, MD
principal investigator · The University of Texas Medical Branch

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
Yes
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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