ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT03357029Updated Feb 17, 2022

Neuromodulation in Patients With Painful Chronic Pancreatitis

An interventional study of GammaCore Device and Sham Device in Painful Chronic Pancreatitis, Visceral Pain and Neuropathic Pain, sponsored by Jens Brøndum Frøkjær. Completed at 1 site in Denmark. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2022-02-17.

Sponsored by Jens Brøndum Frøkjær · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was Apr 2019, 7 years 6 months ago, and no results have been posted to the registry; the sponsor requested a delay in submitting them in Apr 2021.

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Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
28
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The purpose of this trial is to explore if a novel vagal neuromodulation approach provides analgesic benefit through central mechanisms in patients with chronic pancreatitis

Read the detailed description

This study is a randomized, double blind, sham-controlled, cross-over, controlled investigation. The overall objective of the study is to conduct a study of vagal tone and the sensory system (brain activity, sensory testing, and questionnaires) assessing the effect of two weeks' transcutaneous vagal neuromodulation in chronic pancreatitis patients not responding adequately to traditional pharmacological pain treatment, in comparison to the effect of two weeks' sham treatment. The active treatment will be performed using a commercially available and validated device called GammaCore (the active treatment) while the sham treatment will be performed using a sham-device. GammaCore device is a non-invasive neurostimulator that has been approved for the treatment of anxiety, primary headache, including migraine.

The study will begin with a one-week baseline registration period, in which the patients will receive no treatment. Next, the baseline period will be followed by a 2-week treatment period where the subjects will be randomized to either active treatment or the sham treatment. Afterwards, a wash-out period of one week and a second baseline registration period of one week will occur. Finally, in the second treatment period the patients will switch in treatment assignment, meaning that patient who received active treatment in the beginning, will now receive sham treatment and vice versa. During both treatments, the patients will be asked to self-administer one stimulation dose bilaterally to the cervical vagal neck area, three times per day (morning 8 am., afternoon 2 pm, and evening 8 pm). During the whole study, subjects will be asked to complete a pain diary and several questionnaires. Moreover, at the beginning and end of each treatment period (four times), all subjects will undergo testing which will include magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), quantitative sensory testing (QST), cardiac vagal tone (CVT) and collecting blood samples.

The primary efficacy parameters to be evaluated are clinical pain relief and brain alterations using MRI.

02

Conditions studied

  • Painful Chronic Pancreatitis
  • Visceral Pain
  • Neuropathic Pain

Keywords

  • Chronic pancreatitis
  • Vagal nerve stimulation
  • Visceral Pain
03

In context

Visceral Pain

55 studies on the registry are indexed under Visceral Pain; 19 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 28 is below the median of 72 across 47 interventional studies indexed under Visceral Pain.

Browse Visceral Pain studies →

Lead sponsor

Jens Brøndum Frøkjær is the lead sponsor of 2 studies on the registry; 1 is open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Patients from the ages of 18 with a diagnosis of CP diagnosed using the Mayo Clinic diagnostic criteria.
  • The participants must be able to read and understand Danish.
  • The patients must suffer from chronic abdominal pain characteristic for CP, meet the criteria for chronic pain (pain ≥ 3 days per week in at least 3 months) and must consider their pain as insufficiently treated with their usual analgesic treatment.
  • Personally, signed and dated document indicating that the patient has been informed of all pertinent aspects of the trial as well as signing the following document: "Informeret samtykke om opbevaring af biologisk material i biobank til fremtidig forskning".
  • Personally, signed and dated the Power of attorney document (Fuldmagtserklæring) indicating that the patient has accepted that the Danish Medical Agency Sundhedsstyrelsen/Lægemiddelstyrelen) have access to the medical records.
  • Patients willing and able to comply with the scheduled visits, treatment plan, laboratory tests and other trial procedures.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients with any abnormalities that in the opinion of the investigator may increase the risk associated with trial participation or may interfere with the interpretation of the trial results.
  • Alcohol dependence (Alcohol use in accordance with the recommendations by the Danish Health and Medicines Authority are allowed).
  • Illegal drug dependencies.
  • Participating in another study where drug is used.
  • Patients must not suffer from painful conditions other than CP that make them unable to distinguish the pain associated with CP from chronic pain of other origin.
  • Cardiovascular diseases
  • Low blood pressure \< 100/60
  • Not able to understand or follow the instructions.
  • Any condition with elevated intracranial pressure.
  • Female patients who are pregnant or lactating, or intend to become pregnant and male patients who intend to father a child during the course of the study. A pregnancy test will be conducted at baseline and after 8 weeks to ensure that female patients are not pregnant during the study medication period. The investigator will have to urge that fertile female patients use a safe method during the study and for at least 15 hours after termination of the study medication period. The following methods are considered as safe contraception methods:

    • The combined oral contraceptive pill
    • Intra uterine device
    • Gestagen injection
    • Subdermal implantation
    • Hormone vaginal ring
    • Transdermal plaster
  • for MRI: Such as metallic Foreign Body in the Eye, "Triggerfish" Contact Lens, Gastric Reflux Device, Insulin Pumps, Permanent pacemaker, Temporary external transvenous pacing leads, Other implantable metallic components which is considered unsafe by the medical doctor.
  • Previous surgery on vagus nerve.
  • Known neuropathy.
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(5)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

Clinically significant

Judged by the study doctor to matter for your health or for the study. It is a doctor’s decision, so ask the study team if you are unsure whether something counts.

Investigational drug or device

A drug or device being studied in a clinical trial.

It may be new, or already approved and being studied for another use, dose or form. Criteria often leave out people who took part in another study of one within a recent period, commonly 30 days or five half-lives.

Contraception

Ways of preventing pregnancy. “Highly effective” methods fail less than 1% of the time a year when used correctly — for example an IUD or an implant.

Criteria usually say which methods count and how long to keep using them after the last dose, sometimes for male participants too. Some studies accept a partner’s vasectomy if it was confirmed successful and that person is the participant’s only sexual partner.

Contraindication

A reason a treatment, test or procedure should not be given to a particular person, such as an allergy, another illness or a medicine they take.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Crossover assignment
Masking
Triple (Participant, Investigator, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
28 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Active comparator
    Gammacore Device

    The GammaCore Device is a non-Invasive vagus nerve stimulator. One stimulation dose bilaterally to the cervical vagal neck area, three times per day (morning 8 am., afternoon 2 pm, and evening 8 pm) for two weeks

    Device: GammaCore Device

  • Sham comparator
    Sham Device

    The Sham GammaCore device looks and operates like the Active GammaCore device, but does not deliver a therapeutic stimulation treatment. One stimulation dose bilaterally to the cervical vagal neck area, three times per day (morning 8 am., afternoon 2 pm, and evening 8 pm) for two weeks.

    Device: Sham Device

Interventions

  • DeviceGammaCore Device

    GammaCore will be administered using a handheld device the size of a mobile phone, which consists of a battery powered portable stimulator with a digital control user interface that controls the stimulation amplitude and two steel contact electrodes.

  • DeviceSham Device

    Sham device will be administered using a handheld device the size of a mobile phone, which consists of a battery powered portable stimulator with a digital control user interface that controls the stimulation amplitude and two steel contact electrodes. The sham device is identical in appearance, weight, visual and audible feedback, and user application and control but did not deliver electrical stimulations.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. The perceived clinical pain measured by pain diary based on Visual Analog Scale (VAS)

    The primary clinical efficacy parameter to be evaluated is pain relief. In the clinical part of the study the efficacy is assessed as changes in the daily experience of pain, which will be measured using a patient pain diary based on the visual analog scale (VAS). Maximum intensity and average daily VAS will be recorded on daily basis.

    Time frame: Up to 8 weeks.

  2. Detection of brain changes using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

    The primary experimental endpoint is detection of structural, functional, metabolic brain alterations using MRI techniques in order to study the brain mechanisms involved in chronic pain and central sensitization.

    Time frame: Up to 8 weeks.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Change in quality of life QoLQ

    Time frame: Up to 8 weeks.

  2. Changes in pain and physical functioning composite scores of the modified brief pain inventory-short form (mBPI-sf).

    Time frame: Up to 8 weeks.

  3. Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC).

    Time frame: Up to 8 weeks.

  4. Quantitative sensory testing (thermal, mechanical and muscle stimulation, including conditioned pain modulation)

    Time frame: Up to 8 weeks.

  5. Cardiac vagal tone

    Time frame: Up to 8 weeks.

  6. Blood samples

    Changes in cytokines will be assessed .

    Time frame: Up to 8 weeks.

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Mech-Sense, Department of Radiology
    Aalborg, 9000, Denmark
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Muthulingam JA, Olesen SS, Hansen TM, Brock C, Drewes AM, Frokjaer JB. Cervical transcutaneous vagal neuromodulation in chronic pancreatitis patients with chronic pain: A randomised sham controlled clinical trial. PLoS One. 2021 Feb 26;16(2):e0247653. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247653. eCollection 2021. PubMed 33635894 ↗
  • Muthulingam JA, Olesen SS, Hansen TM, Brock C, Drewes AM, Frokjaer JB. Study protocol for a randomised double-blinded, sham-controlled, prospective, cross-over clinical trial of vagal neuromodulation for pain treatment in patients with chronic pancreatitis. BMJ Open. 2019 Aug 23;9(7):e029546. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029546. PubMed 31603076 ↗
09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Jan 2018 to primary completion in Apr 2019, 15 months.

Of 16 interventional studies with no phase under Visceral Pain, half reached primary completion within 8 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 4 and three quarters within 33. This study's 15 months is above that.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Nov 21, 2017
First posted
Nov 29, 2017
StartActual
Jan 11, 2018
Primary completionActual
Apr 30, 2019
CompletionActual
Apr 30, 2019
Results delay requested
Apr 19, 2021
Last update
Feb 17, 2022
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Feb 17, 2022, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03357029
Lead sponsor
Jens Brøndum Frøkjær
Collaborators
ElectroCore INC
Responsible party
Jens Brøndum Frøkjær (MD, Professor, PhD, Aalborg University Hospital) — Sponsor-investigator
First posted
Nov 29, 2017
Start date
Jan 11, 2018
Primary completion
Apr 30, 2019
Completion
Apr 30, 2019
Last update
Feb 17, 2022

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
Yes
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is completed, as verified in Feb 2022. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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