An interventional study of Diet Quality in Sleep and Diet Modification, sponsored by University of Chicago. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 21 Years to 40 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2022-11-22.
Sponsored by University of Chicago · Not applicable, Interventional, and Other
This study will investigate the effect of two dietary patterns on sleep outcomes and measures of reported appetite. Participants will be given two different diets on two separate stays.
Normal sleep consists of alternating periods of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. The deeper stages of NREM sleep are also known as slow-wave sleep (SWS). Genetic and environmental factors, such as age, gender, race, socioeconomic status and others contribute to high inter-individual variability in sleep quality.
Current evidence from epidemiologic, clinical and experimental studies support a strong relationship between insufficient sleep and increased risk for obesity. A reciprocal connection between sleep and energy metabolism may exist between diet and sleep.
It is also well known that diet greatly influences body weight and metabolic health. Numerous disease risk factors are known to be associated with dietary patters consisting low fiber, high saturated fat, and added sugar, but the effects of diet on sleep quality remains unknown.
A small group of studies have indicated an effect of diet on sleep quality (assessed objectively by polysomnography [PSG]) under controlled laboratory conditions. However, none have experimentally tested sleep and appetite outcomes under different dietary patterns matched for macronutrients.
The overall objective of this study is to compare the effects of consumption of unhealthy meals with low fiber, high saturated fat, and high added sugar content i.e. simulated fast food diet [SFF] to healthy meals with high fiber, low saturated fat, and low added sugar content i.e. healthy diet. We hypothesize that a healthy diet (as recommended by the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee and the American Heart Association) compared to SFF diet will promote better sleep quality (as assessed by PSG) reflected by higher sleep efficiency, increased SWS and increased REM sleep and other improved sleep variables. We will also evaluate subjective appetite, mood and sleepiness as secondary outcomes.
Exclusion Criteria:
This dietary pattern will represent recommendations for fiber and added sugar set forth in the 2015 Dietary Guidelines for Americans and saturated fat guidelines from the American Heart Association
Other: Diet Quality
This dietary pattern will represent the typical American diet for fiber, added sugar, and saturated fat intake.
Other: Diet Quality
Diets matched for calorie intake and macronutrient distribution but differing by overall diet quality will be provided in a random order, cross-over design study.
Sleep quality night 2
Night 2 PSG recordings
Time frame: Bedtime (11:00PM) to Wake time (7:30AM)
Subjective appetite area under the curve
A collection of all subjective ratings (upon waking, pre and post meals, and hourly)
Time frame: 7:30am-11:00PM
Subjective appetite daily average
A collection of all subjective ratings (upon waking, pre and post meals, and hourly)
Time frame: 7:30am-11:00PM
Mood area under the curve
A collection of all subjective ratings (upon waking, pre and post meals, and hourly)
Time frame: 7:30am-11:00PM
Mood daily average
A collection of all subjective ratings (upon waking, pre and post meals, and hourly)
Time frame: 7:30am-11:00PM
Subjective sleep quality area under the curve
A collection of all subjective ratings (upon waking, pre and post meals, and hourly)
Time frame: 7:30am-11:00PM
Subjective sleep quality daily average
A collection of all subjective ratings (upon waking, pre and post meals, and hourly)
Time frame: 7:30am-11:00PM
Sleep quality night 1
Night 2 PSG recordings
Time frame: 11:00PM to 7:30AM
Sleep night 1
Measured with wrist actigraphy
Time frame: 11:00PM to 7:30AM
Sleep night 2
Measured with wrist actigraphy
Time frame: 11:00PM to 7:30AM
Sleep night 3
Measured with wrist actigraphy
Time frame: 11:00PM to 7:30AM
Appetite upon waking
First response in the morning using subjective questionnaires
Time frame: First response in the morning
Mood upon waking
First response in the morning using subjective questionnaires
Time frame: 7:30AM
Sleepiness upon waking
First response in the morning using subjective questionnaires
Time frame: 7:30AM
Morning appetite
Morning hourly and pre and post meal response using subjective questionnaires
Time frame: 7:30AM to 11:00AM
Morning mood
Morning hourly and pre and post meal response using subjective questionnaires
Time frame: 7:30AM to 11:00AM
Morning sleepiness
Morning hourly and pre and post meal response using subjective questionnaires
Time frame: 7:30AM to 11:00AM
Mid-day appetite
Mid-day hourly and pre and post meal response using subjective questionnaires
Time frame: 11:00AM to 5:00PM
Mid-day mood
Mid-day hourly and pre and post meal response using subjective questionnaires
Time frame: 11:00AM to 5:00PM
Mid-day sleepiness
Mid-day hourly and pre and post meal response using subjective questionnaires
Time frame: 11:00AM to 5:00PM
Evening appetite
Evening hourly and pre and post meal response using subjective questionnaires
Time frame: 5:00PM to 11:00PM
Evening mood
Evening hourly and pre and post meal response using subjective questionnaires
Time frame: 5:00PM to 11:00PM
Evening sleepiness
Evening hourly and pre and post meal response using subjective questionnaires
Time frame: 5:00PM to 11:00PM
Bedtime appetite
Response at bedtime using subjective questionnaires
Time frame: Response at bedtime
Bedtime mood
Response at bedtime using subjective questionnaires
Time frame: 11:00PM
Bedtime sleepiness
Response at bedtime using subjective questionnaires
Time frame: 11:00PM
Average sleep duration
At home wrist actigraphy
Time frame: 21 days
Average sleep onset latency
At home wrist actigraphy
Time frame: 21 days
Average night-time awakenings
At home wrist actigraphy
Time frame: 21 days
Plan to share: No
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University of Chicago