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CompletedNCT03033953Updated Jan 27, 2017

Effects of Native Whey or Milk Supplementation on Adaptations to 12 Weeks of Strength Training in Young and Elderly

An interventional study of Native whey and Milk in Healthy, Young and Elderly, sponsored by Norwegian School of Sport Sciences. Completed at 1 site in Norway. Open to participants aged 20 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2017-01-27.

Sponsored by Norwegian School of Sport Sciences · Not applicable, Interventional, and Basic science

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
66
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
20 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The aim of this study is to investigate the long term adaptations to 11 (elderly) or 12 (young) weeks of strength training when supplemented with native whey or milk. The investigators hypothesize that native whey will give greater increases in muscle hypertrophy and strength than milk.

Read the detailed description

Increasing or maintaining muscle mass is of great importance for populations ranging from athletes to patients and elderly. Resistance exercise and protein ingestion are two of the most potent stimulators of muscle protein synthesis. Both the physical characteristic of proteins (e.g. different digestion rates of whey and casein) and the amino acid composition, affects the potential of a certain protein to stimulate muscle protein synthesis. Given its superior ability to rapidly increase blood leucine concentrations to high levels, whey is often considered the most potent protein source to stimulate muscle protein synthesis. Native whey protein is produced by filtration of unprocessed milk. Consequently, native whey has different characteristics than milk. Of special interest is the higher amounts of the highly anabolic amino acid leucine in native whey.

The higher levels of leucine can be of great interest for elderly individuals as some studies in elderly has shown an anabolic resistance to the effects of protein feeding and strength training. By increasing levels of leucine one might overcome this anabolic resistance in the elderly.

The aim of this double-blinded, randomized, partial cross-over study is to compare the changes in muscle hypertrophy and strength after a 11 (elderly) or 12 (young) week training intervention with daily supplementation of either 2x20g of native whey or milk proteins in young and elderly individuals. In order to explain potential differences between supplements an acute study investigating acute responses in blood amino acid concentrations and intracellular signalling is planned, in a subgroup of participants, before and after the training intervention.

The investigators hypothesize that native whey will induce greater muscle hypertrophy and strength gains than milk.

02

Conditions studied

  • Healthy
  • Young
  • Elderly
03

In context

Lead sponsor

Norwegian School of Sport Sciences is the lead sponsor of 46 studies on the registry; 6 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
20 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Healthy in the sense that they can conduct training and testing
  • Able to understand Norwegian language written and oral
  • Between 20 and 45, or above 70 years of age

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Diseases or injuries contraindicating participation
  • Use of dietary supplements (e.g. proteins, vitamins and creatine)
  • Lactose intolerance
  • Allergy to milk
  • Allergy towards local anesthetics (xylocain)
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Basic science
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Quadruple (Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
66 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Placebo comparator
    Milk supplementation

    11 (elderly) or 12 (young) weeks of strength training and daily supplementation of 2x20g milk protein.

    Dietary Supplement: Milk · Other: Strength training

  • Experimental
    Native whey

    11 (elderly) or 12 (young) weeks of strength training and daily supplementation of 2x20g native whey protein.

    Dietary Supplement: Native whey · Other: Strength training

Interventions

  • Dietary supplementNative whey
  • Dietary supplementMilk
  • OtherStrength training
06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Lean mass

    Measured by whole body dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)

    Time frame: Before the training intervention

  2. Lean mass

    Measured by whole body dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)

    Time frame: After 11-12 weeks of strength training

Secondary outcomes

  1. Thigh muscle cross sectional area

    Measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

    Time frame: Before the training intervention

  2. Thigh muscle cross sectional area

    Measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

    Time frame: After 11-12 weeks of strength training

  3. Pectoralis muscle cross sectional area

    Measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

    Time frame: Before the training intervention

  4. Pectoralis muscle cross sectional area

    Measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

    Time frame: After 11-12 weeks of strength training

  5. Arm cross sectional area

    Measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

    Time frame: Before the training intervention

  6. Arm cross sectional area

    Measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

    Time frame: After 11-12 weeks of strength training

  7. Thickness of the lateral vasti

    Measured by ultrasound

    Time frame: Before the training intervention

  8. Thickness of the lateral vasti

    Measured by ultrasound

    Time frame: After 11-12 weeks of strength training

  9. 1 repetition maximum in leg press

    Time frame: Before the training intervention

  10. 1 repetition maximum in leg press

    Time frame: After 11-12 weeks of strength training

  11. 1 repetition maximum in bench press

    Time frame: Before the training intervention

  12. 1 repetition maximum in bench press

    Time frame: After 11-12 weeks of strength training

  13. Ratio of phosphorylated to total ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1(P70S6K) change from baseline

    Biopsies from m. Vastus Lateralis was analyzed by western blot

    Time frame: 30 min before and 2 hours after exercise and protein supplement intake, before the training intervention

  14. Ratio of phosphorylated to total ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1(P70S6K) change from baseline

    Biopsies from m. Vastus Lateralis was analyzed by western blot

    Time frame: 30 min before and 2 hours after exercise and protein supplement intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  15. Phosphorylation of phosphorylated to total eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF-2) change from baseline

    Biopsies from m. Vastus Lateralis was analyzed by western blot

    Time frame: 30 min before and 2 hours after exercise and protein supplement intake, before the training intervention

  16. Phosphorylation of phosphorylated to total eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF-2) change from baseline

    Biopsies from m. Vastus Lateralis was analyzed by western blot

    Time frame: 30 min before and 2 hours after exercise and protein supplement intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  17. Phosphorylation of phosphorylated to total eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4EBP-1) change from baseline

    Biopsies from m. Vastus Lateralis was analyzed by western blot

    Time frame: 30 min before and 2 hours after exercise and protein supplement intake, before the training intervention

  18. Phosphorylation of phosphorylated to total eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4EBP-1) change from baseline

    Biopsies from m. Vastus Lateralis was analyzed by western blot

    Time frame: 30 min before and 2 hours after exercise and protein supplement intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  19. Plasma amino acid concentration

    Time frame: 60 min before and 45, 60, 75 and 120 min after exercise and protein supplement intake, before the training intervention

  20. Plasma amino acid concentration

    Time frame: 60 min before and 45, 60, 75 and 120 min after exercise and protein supplement intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  21. Muscle force generating capacity change from baseline

    Measured as unilateral isometric knee extension force (Nm) with 90° in the hip and knee joints.

    Time frame: 15 min before, 10 min, 2.5 hours and 24 hours after exercise and protein supplement intake, before the training intervention

  22. Muscle force generating capacity change from baseline

    Measured as unilateral isometric knee extension force (Nm) with 90° in the hip and knee joints.

    Time frame: 15 min before, 10 min, 2.5 hours and 24 hours after exercise and protein supplement intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  23. Serum glucose

    Time frame: 60 min before and 45, 60, 75 and 120 min after exercise and protein supplement intake, before the training intervention

  24. Serum glucose

    Time frame: 60 min before and 45, 60, 75 and 120 min after exercise and protein supplement intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  25. Serum insulin

    Time frame: 60 min before and 45, 60, 75 and 120 min after exercise and protein supplement intake, before the training intervention

  26. Serum insulin

    Time frame: 60 min before and 45, 60, 75 and 120 min after exercise and protein supplement intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  27. Serum urea

    Time frame: 60 min before and 45, 60, 75 and 120 min after exercise and protein supplement intake, before the training intervention

  28. Serum urea

    Time frame: 60 min before and 45, 60, 75 and 120 min after exercise and protein supplement intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  29. Serum creatine kinase

    Time frame: 60 min before and 45, 60, 75 and 120 min after exercise and protein supplement intake, before the training intervention

  30. Serum creatine kinase

    Time frame: 60 min before and 45, 60, 75 and 120 min after exercise and protein supplement intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  31. Tumor necrosis factor alfa messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  32. Tumor necrosis factor alfa mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  33. Tumor necrosis factor alfa mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  34. Tumor necrosis factor alfa mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  35. Interleukin 6 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  36. Interleukin 6 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  37. Interleukin 6 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  38. Interleukin 6 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  39. Interleukin 8 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  40. Interleukin 8 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  41. Interleukin 8 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  42. Interleukin 8 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  43. Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4 Group A Member 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  44. Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4 Group A Member 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  45. Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4 Group A Member 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  46. Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4 Group A Member 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  47. Interleukin 1b mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  48. Interleukin 1b mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  49. Interleukin 1b mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  50. Interleukin 1b mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  51. Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  52. Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  53. Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  54. Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  55. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  56. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  57. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  58. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  59. Interleukin 4 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  60. Interleukin 4 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  61. Interleukin 4 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  62. Interleukin 4 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  63. Interleukin 10 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  64. Interleukin 10 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  65. Interleukin 10 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  66. Interleukin 10 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  67. C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  68. C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  69. C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  70. C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  71. Cholesterol 25-Hydroxylase mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  72. Cholesterol 25-Hydroxylase mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  73. Cholesterol 25-Hydroxylase mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  74. Cholesterol 25-Hydroxylase mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  75. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 8 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  76. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 8 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  77. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 8 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  78. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 8 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  79. Interleukin 17D mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  80. Interleukin 17D mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  81. Interleukin 17D mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  82. Interleukin 17D mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  83. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 3 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  84. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 3 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  85. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 3 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  86. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 3 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  87. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma, Coactivator 1 Alpha mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  88. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma, Coactivator 1 Alpha mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  89. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma, Coactivator 1 Alpha mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  90. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma, Coactivator 1 Alpha mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  91. C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 16 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  92. C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 16 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  93. C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 16 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  94. C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 16 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  95. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 5 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  96. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 5 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  97. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 5 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  98. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 5 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  99. Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4 Group A Member 3 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  100. Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4 Group A Member 3 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  101. Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4 Group A Member 3 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  102. Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4 Group A Member 3 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  103. Uncoupling Protein 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  104. Uncoupling Protein 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  105. Uncoupling Protein 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  106. Uncoupling Protein 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  107. Matrix Metallopeptidase 9 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  108. Matrix Metallopeptidase 9 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  109. Matrix Metallopeptidase 9 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  110. Matrix Metallopeptidase 9 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  111. ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily A Member 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  112. ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily A Member 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  113. ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily A Member 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  114. ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily A Member 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  115. Leukocyte Differentiation Antigen CD36 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  116. Leukocyte Differentiation Antigen CD36 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  117. Leukocyte Differentiation Antigen CD36 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  118. Leukocyte Differentiation Antigen CD36 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  119. Toll Like Receptor 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  120. Toll Like Receptor 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  121. Toll Like Receptor 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  122. Toll Like Receptor 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  123. Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1 Group H Member 3 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  124. Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1 Group H Member 3 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  125. Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1 Group H Member 3 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  126. Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1 Group H Member 3 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  127. Solute Carrier Family 3 Member 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  128. Solute Carrier Family 3 Member 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  129. Solute Carrier Family 3 Member 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  130. Solute Carrier Family 3 Member 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  131. Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 5 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  132. Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 5 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  133. Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 5 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  134. Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 5 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  135. Solute Carrier Family 36 Member 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  136. Solute Carrier Family 36 Member 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  137. Solute Carrier Family 36 Member 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  138. Solute Carrier Family 36 Member 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  139. Solute Carrier Family 38 Member 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  140. Solute Carrier Family 38 Member 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  141. Solute Carrier Family 38 Member 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  142. Solute Carrier Family 38 Member 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  143. Muscle-Specific RING Finger Protein 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  144. Muscle-Specific RING Finger Protein 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  145. Muscle-Specific RING Finger Protein 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  146. Muscle-Specific RING Finger Protein 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  147. Atrogin-1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  148. Atrogin-1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  149. Atrogin-1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  150. Atrogin-1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  151. Forkhead Box Protein O1A mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  152. Forkhead Box Protein O1A mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  153. Forkhead Box Protein O1A mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  154. Forkhead Box Protein O1A mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  155. Forkhead Box O3 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  156. Forkhead Box O3 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  157. Forkhead Box O3 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  158. Forkhead Box O3 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  159. Myosin Heavy Chain 7 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  160. Myosin Heavy Chain 7 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  161. Myosin Heavy Chain 7 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  162. Myosin Heavy Chain 7 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  163. Myosin Heavy Chain 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  164. Myosin Heavy Chain 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  165. Myosin Heavy Chain 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  166. Myosin Heavy Chain 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  167. Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  168. Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  169. Myosin Heavy Chain 1mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  170. Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  171. Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  172. Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  173. Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  174. Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  175. Mast Cell Growth Factor mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  176. Mast Cell Growth Factor mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  177. Mast Cell Growth Factor mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  178. Mast Cell Growth Factor mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  179. Hepatocyte Growth Factor mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  180. Hepatocyte Growth Factor mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  181. Hepatocyte Growth Factor mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  182. Hepatocyte Growth Factor mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  183. Myostatin mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  184. Myostatin mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  185. Myostatin mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  186. Myostatin mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  187. Striated Muscle Activator Of Rho-Dependent Signaling mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  188. Striated Muscle Activator Of Rho-Dependent Signaling mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  189. Striated Muscle Activator Of Rho-Dependent Signaling mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  190. Striated Muscle Activator Of Rho-Dependent Signaling mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  191. JunB Proto-Oncogene, AP-1 Transcription Factor Subunit mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  192. JunB Proto-Oncogene, AP-1 Transcription Factor Subunit mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  193. JunB Proto-Oncogene, AP-1 Transcription Factor Subunit mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  194. JunB Proto-Oncogene, AP-1 Transcription Factor Subunit mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  195. Actin, Alpha 1, Skeletal Muscle mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  196. Actin, Alpha 1, Skeletal Muscle mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  197. Actin, Alpha 1, Skeletal Muscle mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  198. Actin, Alpha 1, Skeletal Muscle mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  199. Colony Stimulating Factor 3 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  200. Colony Stimulating Factor 3 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  201. Colony Stimulating Factor 3 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  202. Colony Stimulating Factor 3 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  203. Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase 2 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  204. Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase 2 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  205. Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase 2 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  206. Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase 2 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  207. TATA-Box Binding Protein mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  208. TATA-Box Binding Protein mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  209. TATA-Box Binding Protein mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  210. TATA-Box Binding Protein mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  211. Filamin B mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  212. Filamin B mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  213. Filamin B mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  214. Filamin B mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  215. Beta-2-Microglobulin mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  216. Beta-2-Microglobulin mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  217. Beta-2-Microglobulin mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  218. Beta-2-Microglobulin mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  219. Fasting cholesterol (only in elderly)

    Time frame: Before training intervention

  220. Fasting cholesterol (only in elderly)

    Time frame: After 11-12 weeks of strength training

  221. Fasting triglycerides (only in elderly)

    Time frame: Before training intervention

  222. Fasting triglycerides (only in elderly)

    Time frame: After 11-12 weeks of strength training

  223. Fasting LDL (only in elderly)

    Time frame: Before training intervention

  224. Fasting LDL (only in elderly)

    Time frame: After 11-12 weeks of strength training

  225. Fasting HDL (only in elderly)

    Time frame: Before training intervention

  226. Fasting HDL (only in elderly)

    Time frame: After 11-12 weeks of strength training

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Norwegian School of Sport Sciences
    Oslo, Oslo 0863, Norway
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
Not marked actual or estimatedDates not marked actual or estimated

The record gives a start of Aug 2014, a primary completion of Jun 2015 and a completion of Nov 2016. It does not say whether these dates are actual or estimated.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Jan 19, 2017
First posted
Jan 27, 2017
Start
Aug 2014
Primary completionActual
Jun 2015
CompletionActual
Nov 2016
Last update
Jan 27, 2017
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jan 27, 2017, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03033953
Lead sponsor
Norwegian School of Sport Sciences
Collaborators
Tine, The Research Council of Norway
Responsible party
Truls Raastad (Professor, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences) — Principal investigator
First posted
Jan 27, 2017
Start date
Aug 2014
Primary completion
Jun 2015
Completion
Nov 2016
Last update
Jan 27, 2017

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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