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CompletedNCT02937350CLEARUpdated Sep 1, 2021Results posted

Clearance of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in Chronic Kidney Disease

A Phase 1 interventional study of D6-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in Chronic Kidney Disease, sponsored by University of Washington. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2021-09-01.

Sponsored by University of Washington · Phase 1, Interventional, and Diagnostic

Phase
Phase 1
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
88
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
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Study summary

The goal of this study is to better understand vitamin D catabolism and how it is affected by CKD and race.

Read the detailed description

Specifically, the study team will evaluate the metabolic clearance of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in individuals with varying degrees of CKD and among participants who self-report race as Caucasian, African American or African. The long-term goal of this work is to enhance the clinical evaluation and treatment of impaired vitamin D metabolism.

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Conditions studied

  • Chronic Kidney Disease

Keywords

  • chronic kidney disease
  • vitamin d catabolism
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In context

Kidney Diseases

3,840 studies on the registry are indexed under Kidney Diseases; 500 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 88 is above the median of 70 across 2,640 interventional studies indexed under Kidney Diseases.

Browse Kidney Diseases studies →

Lead sponsor

University of Washington is the lead sponsor of 1,397 studies on the registry; 225 are open to participants now.

Of its 154 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 132 (86%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

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Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Age ≥ 18 years
  • Self-reported race Caucasian, African American, or African
  • Serum total 25(OH)D 10-50 ng/mL
  • Estimated GFR:

    • 60 mL/min/1.73m2 (N=40) 15-45 mL/min/1.73m2 (N=40) \<15 mL/min/1.73m2, treated with hemodialysis (N=40)

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Primary hyperparathyroidism
  • Gastric bypass
  • Tuberculosis or sarcoidosis
  • Current pregnancy
  • Child-Pugh Class B or C cirrhosis (i.e. cirrhosis with ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, bilirubin >=2 mg/dL, serum albumin \<=3.5 g/dL, or PT >= 4 seconds)
  • Use of vitamin D3, or vitamin D2 supplements exceeding a mean daily dose of 400 IU, within 3 months (wash-out allowed)
  • Use of 1,25(OH)2D3 or an analogue, calcimimetics, or medications known to induce CYP24A1 within 4 weeks (wash-out allowed)
  • Serum calcium > 10.1 mg/dL
  • Hemoglobin \< 10 g/dL
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Study design

Phase
Phase 1
Primary purpose
Diagnostic
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
88 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Study Population

    D6-25-hydroxyvitamin D3

    Drug: D6-25-hydroxyvitamin D3

Interventions

  • DrugD6-25-hydroxyvitamin D3

    Intravenous administration of a deuterium-labeled 25(OH)D3 to evaluate the metabolic clearance of 25(OH)D3

    Also known as: stable isotope deuterium-labeled 25(OH)D3

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What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Metabolic Clearance of D6-25(OH)D3

    Metabolic clearance is calculated as the administered dose of 25(OH)D3 divided by the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC). AUC is calculated using the linear trapezoidal method. Concentration was measured at 5 minutes, 4 hours, and at 1, 4, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, and 56 days post administration.

    Time frame: 8 weeks

Secondary outcomes

  1. AUC of D6-25(OH)D3

    AUC is calculated using the linear trapezoidal method. Concentration was measured at 5 minutes, 4 hours, and at 1, 4, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, and 56 days post administration.

    Time frame: 8 weeks

  2. Terminal Half-life of D6-25(OH)D3

    Terminal half-life is equal to ln2/k, where k is the slope of the terminal regression line estimated using ≥3 plasma concentrations. Concentration was measured at 5 minutes, 4 hours, and at 1, 4, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, and 56 days post administration.

    Time frame: 8 weeks

  3. Volume of Distribution of D6-25(OH)D3

    Volume of distribution in the central compartment is calculated as dose/C0, where dose is the administered dose of 25(OH)D3 and C0 is the initial (estimated) concentration of drug in plasma. Concentration was measured at 5 minutes, 4 hours, and at 1, 4, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, and 56 days post administration.

    Time frame: 8 weeks

Other outcomes

  1. Metabolic Formation Clearance of D6-25(OH)D3 Metabolites.

    Metabolic formation clearance is calculated as the daughter metabolite plasma AUC divided by the AUC of D6-25(OH)D3 (metabolite/parent AUC ratio). AUC is calculated using the linear trapezoidal method. Concentration was measured at 5 minutes, 4 hours, and at 1, 4, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, and 56 days post administration.

    Time frame: 8 weeks

  2. Change in the Serum Concentration of Calcium

    Change in the serum concentration of calcium from baseline to 7 days after 25(OH)D3 administration

    Time frame: 7 days

  3. Change in the Serum Concentration of Creatinine

    Change in the serum concentration of creatinine from baseline to 7 days after 25(OH)D3 administration

    Time frame: Baseline, 7 days

  4. Change in the Serum Concentration of AST

    Change in the serum concentration of AST from baseline to 7 days after 25(OH)D3 administration

    Time frame: Baseline, 7 days

  5. Change in the Serum Concentration of ALT

    Change in the serum concentration of ALT from baseline to 7 days after 25(OH)D3 administration

    Time frame: Baseline, 7 days

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Results

Posted Sep 1, 2021

Participant flow

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneHealthy ControlsCKD GroupKidney Failure Group
Started432520
Completed432420
Not completed010
Withdrew: Withdrawal by subject010

Outcome measures

PrimaryMetabolic Clearance of D6-25(OH)D3

Metabolic clearance is calculated as the administered dose of 25(OH)D3 divided by the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC). AUC is calculated using the linear trapezoidal method. Concentration was measured at 5 minutes, 4 hours, and at 1, 4, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, and 56 days post administration.

Time frame:
8 weeks
Reported as:
Mean · milliliter per day (ml/d)
Metabolic Clearance of D6-25(OH)D3
milliliter per day (ml/d)Healthy ControlsCKD GroupKidney Failure Group
Metabolic Clearance of D6-25(OH)D3360 ± 108313 ± 86263 ± 163
SecondaryAUC of D6-25(OH)D3

AUC is calculated using the linear trapezoidal method. Concentration was measured at 5 minutes, 4 hours, and at 1, 4, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, and 56 days post administration.

Time frame:
8 weeks
Reported as:
Mean · nanograms x day/mL (ngxd/mL)
AUC of D6-25(OH)D3
nanograms x day/mL (ngxd/mL)Healthy ControlsCKD GroupKidney Failure Group
AUC of D6-25(OH)D359.8 ± 10.268.7 ± 10.276.6 ± 12.0
SecondaryTerminal Half-life of D6-25(OH)D3

Terminal half-life is equal to ln2/k, where k is the slope of the terminal regression line estimated using ≥3 plasma concentrations. Concentration was measured at 5 minutes, 4 hours, and at 1, 4, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, and 56 days post administration.

Time frame:
8 weeks
Reported as:
Mean · days (d)
Terminal Half-life of D6-25(OH)D3
days (d)Healthy ControlsCKD GroupKidney Failure Group
Terminal Half-life of D6-25(OH)D321.9 ± 5.725.5 ± 6.535.6 ± 8.1
SecondaryVolume of Distribution of D6-25(OH)D3

Volume of distribution in the central compartment is calculated as dose/C0, where dose is the administered dose of 25(OH)D3 and C0 is the initial (estimated) concentration of drug in plasma. Concentration was measured at 5 minutes, 4 hours, and at 1, 4, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, and 56 days post administration.

Time frame:
8 weeks
Reported as:
Mean · Liters (L)
Volume of Distribution of D6-25(OH)D3
Liters (L)Healthy ControlsCKD GroupKidney Failure Group
Volume of Distribution of D6-25(OH)D311.0 ± 2.911.1 ± 2.812.5 ± 4.0
Other pre-specifiedMetabolic Formation Clearance of D6-25(OH)D3 Metabolites.

Metabolic formation clearance is calculated as the daughter metabolite plasma AUC divided by the AUC of D6-25(OH)D3 (metabolite/parent AUC ratio). AUC is calculated using the linear trapezoidal method. Concentration was measured at 5 minutes, 4 hours, and at 1, 4, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, and 56 days post administration.

Time frame:
8 weeks
Reported as:
Mean · ratio
Metabolic Formation Clearance of D6-25(OH)D3 Metabolites.
ratioHealthy ControlsCKD GroupKidney Failure Group
Metabolic Formation Clearance of D6-25(OH)D3 Metabolites.0.12 ± 0.040.08 ± 0.030.03 ± 0.03
Other pre-specifiedChange in the Serum Concentration of Calcium

Change in the serum concentration of calcium from baseline to 7 days after 25(OH)D3 administration

Time frame:
7 days
Reported as:
Mean · milligrams/deciliter (mg/dl)
Change in the Serum Concentration of Calcium
milligrams/deciliter (mg/dl)Healthy ControlsCKD GroupKidney Failure Group
Change in the Serum Concentration of Calcium0.42 ± 1.750.16 ± 0.26-0.27 ± 0.48
Other pre-specifiedChange in the Serum Concentration of Creatinine

Change in the serum concentration of creatinine from baseline to 7 days after 25(OH)D3 administration

Time frame:
Baseline, 7 days
Reported as:
Mean · milligrams/deciliter (mg/dl)
Change in the Serum Concentration of Creatinine
milligrams/deciliter (mg/dl)Healthy ControlsCKD GroupKidney Failure Group
Change in the Serum Concentration of Creatinine0.04 ± 0.09-0.05 ± 0.272.81 ± 2.26
Other pre-specifiedChange in the Serum Concentration of AST

Change in the serum concentration of AST from baseline to 7 days after 25(OH)D3 administration

Time frame:
Baseline, 7 days
Reported as:
Mean · units/Liter (u/L)
Change in the Serum Concentration of AST
units/Liter (u/L)Healthy ControlsCKD GroupKidney Failure Group
Change in the Serum Concentration of AST0.40 ± 3.430.57 ± 5.980.10 ± 5.22
Other pre-specifiedChange in the Serum Concentration of ALT

Change in the serum concentration of ALT from baseline to 7 days after 25(OH)D3 administration

Time frame:
Baseline, 7 days
Reported as:
Mean · units/Liter (u/L)
Change in the Serum Concentration of ALT
units/Liter (u/L)Healthy ControlsCKD GroupKidney Failure Group
Change in the Serum Concentration of ALT0.16 ± 3.711.52 ± 6.920.45 ± 3.66

Adverse events

Collected over 8 weeks. Non-serious events are listed at a 0% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
All Participants0/87 (0%)1/87 (1.1%)16/87 (18.4%)
Most frequent serious events
Most frequent serious events
EventAll Participants
Deep vein thrombosisBlood and lymphatic system disorders1/87
Most frequent other events
Most frequent other events
EventAll Participants
Pain or sensation in arm during infusionGeneral disorders16/87

Baseline characteristics

Age, Continuous
Age, Continuous(years)Healthy ControlsCKD GroupKidney Failure GroupTotal
Mean64 ± 1067 ± 1158 ± 964 ± 11
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)Healthy ControlsCKD GroupKidney Failure GroupTotal
Female248436
Male19161651
Race (NIH/OMB)
Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants)Healthy ControlsCKD GroupKidney Failure GroupTotal
Race — American Indian or Alaska Native0000
Race — Asian0000
Race — Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander0000
Race — Black or African American128626
Race — White31161461
Race — More than one race0000
Race — Unknown or Not Reported0000
Vitamin-D3 Supplement Use
Vitamin-D3 Supplement Use(participants)Healthy ControlsCKD GroupKidney Failure GroupTotal
Number6118
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Study locations

1 site
  • University of Washington
    Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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References and documents

Publications

  • Hsu S, Zelnick LR, Lin YS, Best CM, Kestenbaum B, Thummel KE, Rose LM, Hoofnagle AN, de Boer IH. Differences in 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Clearance by eGFR and Race: A Pharmacokinetic Study. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2021 Jan;32(1):188-198. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2020050625. Epub 2020 Oct 28. PubMed 33115916 ↗

Study documents

  • Protocol and statistical analysis plan · Feb 10, 2017

Documents are hosted by the registry — open the source record to download them.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

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Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Sep 1, 2021, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT02937350
Lead sponsor
University of Washington
Collaborators
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Responsible party
Ian deBoer (Professor, Medicine/Nephrology, University of Washington) — Principal investigator
First posted
Oct 18, 2016
Start date
Mar 1, 2017
Primary completion
Jul 8, 2019
Completion
Jan 1, 2021
Results posted
Sep 1, 2021
Last update
Sep 1, 2021

Study contacts

Ian de Boer, MD, MS
principal investigator · University of Washington

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is completed, as verified in Aug 2021. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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