Multicenter Neonatal Eye Disease Screening in China

Studies reveal that ocular anomalies may also be found in healthy full-term babies. These abnormal ocular findings included subconjunctival haemorrhage, congenital microphthalmos, congenital corneal leukoma, posterior synechia, persistent pupillary membrane, congenital cataract, enlarged C/D ratio, retinal hamartoma versus retinoblastoma, optic nerve defects, macular pigment disorder and non-specific peripheral retinopathy. The highest proportion of these abnormal findings is retinal haemorrhages, accounting for 92% of abnormalities. Most retinal hemorrhages are benign and will finally self-resolve. However, sometimes it takes a long time for the hemorrhage to resolve. Some slow-resolving hemorrhages could obstruct the visual axis and may do great harm to visual development in critical period. Some neonatal eye diseases are time sensitive, such as retinoblastoma, and if found late, the best opportunity for effective treatment is missed, leading to irreversible visual impairment. Newborns are unable to express their discomforts or visual disorders as adults do and only through an examination, the neonatal eye diseases can be detected. Therefore, this screening protocol is designed to screen the otherwise healthy neonates in a multi-center network on neonatal ophthalmopathy and to achieve early diagnosis and timely treatment. All the neonates will undergo eye examination by using RetCam III. The external eye, pupillary light reflex, red reflex, opacity of refractive media, anterior chamber and posterior segments will be examined. The outcomes will be analyzed by a blinded specialist in order to discover serious congenital, hereditary and acquired diseases in the neonatal period of healthy newborns and to improve epidemiological information of neonatal ophthalmopathy. Neonatal ocular examination may play a positive role in promoting paediatric eye health to paediatricians and parents.