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CompletedNCT02730078VEMOFITUpdated Jul 12, 2019

Value-based Emotion-focused Educational Programme to Reduce Diabetes-related Distress

An interventional study of VEMOFIT and Attention-meetings (AG) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, sponsored by Universiti Putra Malaysia. Completed. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2019-07-12.

Sponsored by Universiti Putra Malaysia · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
124
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
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Study summary

The purpose of the clinical trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of a relatively simple and short value-based emotion-focused educational programme in adults with type 2 diabetes (VEMOFIT) on diabetes-related distress, depressive symptoms, illness perception, medication adherence, quality of life, diabetes self-efficacy, self-care and clinical outcomes.

Read the detailed description

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients experience many psychosocial problems related to their diabetes, as well as social- and work-related relationships. These often lead to emotional disorders such as distress, stress, anxiety and depression. Without proper care, these patients use more often negative coping strategies and more frequently expect that their diabetes will negatively affect their future. A cluster randomised controlled trial will be conducted in 10 public health clinics (HC) in Malaysia. These clusters are eligible if they are providing standard diabetes care according to national clinical practice guidelines, not involved in similar trial and having nurses to be trained to deliver the VEMOFIT educational programmes. Pre-stratification by cluster size and geographic areas of the HCs will get randomised five HCs to the VEMOFIT group (VG) and attention-meetings group (AG), respectively.

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Conditions studied

  • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Keywords

  • Mood Disorders
  • Self Care
  • Primary Care
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In context

Diabetes Mellitus

10,925 studies on the registry are indexed under Diabetes Mellitus; 1,319 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 124 is above the median of 80 across 8,367 interventional studies indexed under Diabetes Mellitus.

Browse Diabetes Mellitus studies →

Lead sponsor

Universiti Putra Malaysia is the lead sponsor of 144 studies on the registry; 51 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

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Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Malay patients
  • Diagnosed with T2D for at least two years
  • On regular follow-up with at least three visits in the past one year
  • Have diabetes-related distress (mean DDS-17 score ≥ 3)
  • Showing poor disease control (not reaching targets for one of the three biomarkers, namely HbA1c ≥ 8%, blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg and LDL-C > 2.6 mmol/L)

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients who are enrolled in other clinical studies
  • Pregnant or lactating
  • Having psychiatric/ psychological disorders that could impair judgments and memory
  • Patients who cannot read or understand English or Malay
  • Patients who scored ≥ 20 on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) that suggest a severe depression
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Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
124 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Active comparator
    Attention-meetings (AG)

    Attention-control

    Behavioral: Attention-meetings (AG)

  • Experimental
    VEMOFIT (VG)

    Personal value exploration, disease education, emotional skills and goal setting.

    Behavioral: VEMOFIT

Interventions

  • BehavioralVEMOFIT

    The VEMOFIT intervention involves four biweekly two hours sessions over a period of about six weeks, and a booster at three months follow-up. It consists of a mixture of 1) exploring illness perceptions and personal meanings of diabetes, 2) cognition-focused education on diabetes and practical skills in self-management and 3) emotion-focused training on recognising emotions in the self and others. Each group will consist of 10 to 12 participants of equal representation by the patients and their significant others.

    Also known as: Value-based emotion-focused educational programme

  • BehavioralAttention-meetings (AG)

    Patients in the health clinics randomised to the AG, will receive the usual T2D care by the clinic doctors and education by the clinic paramedics based on the recommendations in the Malaysian clinical guidelines. At T1, T2 and T4, patients (not including their significant others) in AG will be gathered in groups of 10-12 people for the primary and secondary outcomes evaluation. This session will include general discussion on feeling about and coping with T2D, social support at home and satisfaction with treatment and care received at the respective clinics.

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What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Diabetes-related distress

    Measured with the 17-item Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS-17)

    Time frame: 6-week (immediate post-intervention) [T1]

  2. Diabetes-related distress

    Measured with the 17-item Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS-17)

    Time frame: 6-month [T2]

  3. Diabetes-related distress

    Measured with the 17-item Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS-17)

    Time frame: 12-month [T3]

Secondary outcomes

  1. Depression

    Measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)

    Time frame: 6-week (immediate post-intervention) [T1]

  2. Depression

    Measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)

    Time frame: 6-month [T2]

  3. Depression

    Measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)

    Time frame: 12-month [T3]

  4. Illness perception

    Measured with the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ)

    Time frame: 6-week (immediate post-intervention) [T1]

  5. Illness perception

    Measured with the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ)

    Time frame: 6-month [T2]

  6. Illness perception

    Measured with the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ)

    Time frame: 12-month [T3]

  7. Quality of life

    Measured with the WHOQOL-BREF

    Time frame: 6-month [T2]

  8. Quality of life

    Measured with the WHOQOL-BREF

    Time frame: 12-month [T3]

  9. Self-efficacy

    Measured by the Diabetes Management Self Efficacy Scale (DMSES)

    Time frame: 6-week (immediate post-intervention) [T1]

  10. Self-efficacy

    Measured by the Diabetes Management Self Efficacy Scale (DMSES)

    Time frame: 6-month [T2]

  11. Self-efficacy

    Measured by the Diabetes Management Self Efficacy Scale (DMSES)

    Time frame: 12-month [T3]

  12. Self-care behaviours

    Measured with the Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) scale

    Time frame: 6-week (immediate post-intervention) [T1]

  13. Self-care behaviours

    Measured with the Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) scale

    Time frame: 6-month [T2]

  14. Self-care behaviours

    Measured with the Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) scale

    Time frame: 12-month [T3]

  15. Positive emotions

    Measure by the Positive Affects subscale of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (PA-CESD)

    Time frame: 6-week (immediate post-intervention) [T1]

  16. Positive emotions

    Measure by the Positive Affects subscale of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (PA-CESD)

    Time frame: 6-month [T2]

  17. Positive emotions

    Measure by the Positive Affects subscale of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (PA-CESD)

    Time frame: 12-month [T3]

  18. HbA1c

    Time frame: 6-week (immediate post-intervention) [T1]

  19. HbA1c

    Time frame: 6-month [T2]

  20. HbA1c

    Time frame: 12-month [T3]

  21. Blood pressure

    systolic and diastolic blood pressure

    Time frame: 6-week (immediate post-intervention) [T1]

  22. Blood Pressure

    systolic and diastolic blood pressure

    Time frame: 6-month [T2]

  23. Blood pressure

    systolic and diastolic blood pressure

    Time frame: 12-month [T3]

  24. LDL-cholesterol

    lipid profiles

    Time frame: 6-week (immediate post-intervention) [T1]

  25. LDL-cholesterol

    lipid profiles

    Time frame: 6-month [T2]

  26. LDL-cholesterol

    lipid profiles

    Time frame: 12-month [T3]

Other outcomes

  1. Health-care utilisation/hospitalisation

    Number of visits to healthcare facilities including hospitalisation, patient's record and diary used in the study

    Time frame: 6-month [T2]

  2. Health-care utilisation/hospitalisation

    Number of visits to healthcare facilities including hospitalisation, patient's record and diary used in the study

    Time frame: 12-month [T3]

  3. Adverse event

    Number of hypoglycaemia and extreme negative emotions as recorded in participant's diary

    Time frame: 6-week (immediate post-intervention) [T1]

  4. Adverse event

    Number of hypoglycaemia and extreme negative emotions as recorded in participant's diary

    Time frame: 6-month [T2]

  5. Adverse event

    Number of hypoglycaemia and extreme negative emotions as recorded in participant's diary

    Time frame: 12-month [T3]

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Study locations

No study locations are listed for this record.

08

References and documents

Publications

  • Chew BH, Vos RC, Shariff Ghazali S, Shamsuddin NH, Fernandez A, Mukhtar F, Ismail M, Mohd Ahad A, Sundram NN, Ali SZ, Rutten GE. The effectiveness of a value-based EMOtion-cognition-Focused educatIonal programme to reduce diabetes-related distress in Malay adults with Type 2 diabetes (VEMOFIT): study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial. BMC Endocr Disord. 2017 Apr 4;17(1):22. doi: 10.1186/s12902-017-0172-8. PubMed 28376921 ↗
  • Chew BH, Vos RC, Metzendorf MI, Scholten RJ, Rutten GE. Psychological interventions for diabetes-related distress in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Sep 27;9(9):CD011469. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011469.pub2. PubMed 28954185 ↗
  • Chew BH, Fernandez A, Shariff-Ghazali S. Psychological interventions for behavioral adjustments in diabetes care - a value-based approach to disease control. Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2018 May 4;11:145-155. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S117224. eCollection 2018. PubMed 29765258 ↗
  • Chew BH, Shariff-Ghazali S, Fernandez A. Psychological aspects of diabetes care: Effecting behavioral change in patients. World J Diabetes. 2014 Dec 15;5(6):796-808. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v5.i6.796. PubMed 25512782 ↗
  • Chew BH, Mukhtar F, Sherina MS, Paimin F, Hassan NH, Jamaludin NK. The reliability and validity of the Malay version 17-item Diabetes Distress Scale. Malays Fam Physician. 2015 Aug 31;10(2):22-35. eCollection 2015. PubMed 27099658 ↗
  • Chew BH, Vos RC, Stellato RK, Ismail M, Rutten GEHM. The effectiveness of an emotion-focused educational programme in reducing diabetes distress in adults with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (VEMOFIT): a cluster randomized controlled trial. Diabet Med. 2018 Jun;35(6):750-759. doi: 10.1111/dme.13615. Epub 2018 Mar 30. PubMed 29505098 ↗
  • Chew BH, Vos RC, Fernandez A, Shariff Ghazali S, Shamsuddin NH, Ismail M, Rutten GEHM. The effectiveness of an emotion-focused educational programme in reducing diabetes distress in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus at 12-month follow-up: a cluster randomized controlled trial. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab. 2019 May 31;10:2042018819853761. doi: 10.1177/2042018819853761. eCollection 2019. PubMed 31210922 ↗
  • Chew BH, Vos RC, Heijmans M, Shariff-Ghazali S, Fernandez A, Rutten GEHM. Validity and reliability of a Malay version of the brief illness perception questionnaire for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2017 Aug 3;17(1):118. doi: 10.1186/s12874-017-0394-5. PubMed 28774271 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — Anonymous data will be accessible publicly via the figshare.

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Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jul 12, 2019, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT02730078
Lead sponsor
Universiti Putra Malaysia
Collaborators
Ministry of Health, Malaysia, UMC Utrecht
Responsible party
Boon-How Chew (Associate Professor, Universiti Putra Malaysia) — Principal investigator
First posted
Apr 6, 2016
Start date
Apr 2016
Primary completion
Dec 2017
Completion
Dec 2017
Last update
Jul 12, 2019

Study contacts

Boon-How Chew, MMed
principal investigator · Universiti Putra Malaysia

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Jul 2019. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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