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CompletedNCT02700178Updated Feb 18, 2020

Biofeedback for Wheelchair Users

An interventional study of Biofeedback in Spinal Cord Injuries, sponsored by Mayo Clinic. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 60 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2020-02-18.

Sponsored by Mayo Clinic · Not applicable, Interventional, and Basic science

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
10
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
18 Years to 60 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This study will evaluate movement of the arm and forces put through the hand during activities performed in a manual wheelchair. The goal of this study is to identify what motions and forces are most likely to lead to the development of pain or pathology and determine the feasibility of strategies to modify movements and decrease risk.

Read the detailed description

Participants in the study will be asked to participate in the following during the first (1st) session:

  1. Physical exam assessing joint motion
  2. Questionnaires asking about shoulder pain
  3. All or a subset of the following activities:

    1. Level wheelchair propulsion for up to 10 minutes
    2. Ramp wheelchair propulsion
    3. Lifting the wheelchair, including into a car (simulated car in therapy area)
    4. Transferring in/out of the wheelchair
    5. Overhead tasks (such as lifting an object off a shelf)
    6. Reaching

During the next session(s), participants will be asked to participate in all or a subset of the activities listed above (3a-3f) and will also be guided through a biofeedback intervention. The intervention will consist of visual and/or auditory cues to guide movement while performing the tasks. The visual biofeedback will consist of line or shape targets on a screen that are the participant's goal to achieve with their movements. The auditory cues will be a tone or multiple tones to alert the participant when to move and/or when targets have been achieved. During the biofeedback session the study staff may also provide verbal cues and feedback.

The investigators may review the medical records of the participants to obtain information about their spinal cord injury, wheelchair and any injury to their muscles, ligaments, bones or nerves.

During all sessions, and prior to performing the activities listed (3a-3f), motion sensors will be applied to the skin overlying the participant's sternum (chest), shoulder blade, via a plastic cuff on the arm just above the elbow, and wrist using medical grade adhesive tape. Sensors that detect muscle activity may also be applied to the skin of the participant's arm. Sensors that detect force applied by the participant's arm will also be used.

Force will be detected using all or a subset of the following tools: exchanging one of the wheels on the participant's wheelchair for one of the same size that detects force, having the participant wear a glove that detects force, and using a mat that detects force.

The activities completed while in this study may be photographed or videotaped.

02

Conditions studied

  • Spinal Cord Injuries
03

In context

Spinal Cord Injuries

1,948 studies on the registry are indexed under Spinal Cord Injuries; 505 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 10 is below the median of 24 across 1,566 interventional studies indexed under Spinal Cord Injuries.

Browse Spinal Cord Injuries studies →

Lead sponsor

Mayo Clinic is the lead sponsor of 3,218 studies on the registry; 670 are open to participants now.

Of its 445 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 313 (70%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 60 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Individuals with spinal cord injury (paraplegia and tetraplegia)

Inclusion criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Age 18-60 at time of enrollment
  2. Spinal cord injury or disease leading to paraplegia or tetraplegia
  3. Uses a manual wheelchair as primary mode of mobility
  4. Independently mobile enough to participate in the study
  5. Active shoulder and wrist range of motion within limits needed for the tasks performed during the study

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Surgery or significant injury to the shoulder(s) or wrist(s) of interest (such as dislocation, fracture or full rotator cuff tear) in which return to pre-injury functional status was NOT attained
  2. Peripheral nerve impairment of the upper extremity being tested
  3. Evidence of significant denervation of multiple scapular muscles
  4. Shoulder or wrist instability on the upper extremity to be tested
  5. Allergy to medical grade adhesive tape (used to secure sensors to skin)
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Basic science
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
10 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Biofeedback

    Participants will be asked to participate in all or a subset of daily activities for wheelchair users. The intervention will consist of visual and/or auditory cues to guide their movement while performing the tasks during one to two sessions.

    Other: Biofeedback

Interventions

  • OtherBiofeedback

    The visual biofeedback will consist of line or shape targets on a screen that the participants will aim to achieve with your movements. The auditory cues will be a tone or multiple tones to alert them when to move and/or when targets have been achieved. During the biofeedback session the study staff may also provide verbal cues and feedback.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. change in risk of shoulder impingement

    Risk of shoulder impingement, based on the relative orientation of the humerus and scapula during activities of daily living, will be evaluated at the first appointment and following the biofeedback intervention. The change in this outcome will be evaluated for significance.

    Time frame: approximately 6 months

Secondary outcomes

  1. change in wrist posture

    Wrist posture, the position of the hand relative to the forearm, during high levels of loading will be evaluated at the first appointment and following the biofeedback intervention. The change in this outcome will be evaluated for significance.

    Time frame: approximately 6 months

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Mayo Clinic in Rochester
    Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
08

References and documents

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Feb 18, 2020, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT02700178
Lead sponsor
Mayo Clinic
Responsible party
Kristin Zhao, PhD (Director, Assistive and Restorative Technology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic) — Principal investigator
First posted
Mar 7, 2016
Start date
Apr 2016
Primary completion
Dec 2018
Completion
Dec 2018
Last update
Feb 18, 2020

Study contacts

Kristin Zhao, PhD
principal investigator · Mayo Clinic

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Feb 2020. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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