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CompletedNCT02657018MOBIGAMEUpdated Apr 27, 2018

Mobile Exergaming in Type 2 Diabetes

An interventional study of MOBIGAME and Control in Overweight, Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, sponsored by University of Basel. Completed at 1 site in Switzerland. Open to participants aged 45 Years to 70 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2018-04-27.

Sponsored by University of Basel · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
36
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
45 Years to 70 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The purpose of this study is to investigate if MOBIGAME (an innovative, mobile phone-based game application) is suitable to increase daily physical activity and physical activity adherence as well as health parameters such as cardiorespiratory fitness, leg strength, glucose metabolism, vascular health and self-determination as well as health related quality of life in the course of a 24-week intervention in comparison to the control group receiving one-time lifestyle counseling.

Read the detailed description

In recent years, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has grown into an emerging pandemic that is a key determinant of morbidity and mortality in both developed and developing countries worldwide. The successful treatment and prevention of T2DM is one of the biggest future health care challenges and most important to manage the enormous socio-economic burden that is associated with T2DM and its various comorbidities. Physical inactivity is known to be one of the most important risk factors for the development of obesity and T2DM. In contrast, increases in physical activity (PA) and fitness can lower the T2DM incidence, improve the patient's glucose metabolism and reduce morbidity and (premature) mortality, independent of body mass index (BMI) or other risk factors. Despite the obvious benefits of regular PA in the treatment and prevention of T2DM, most activity-promoting programs targeting T2DM patients are seldom successful in the long term due to diminishing patient motivation. A novel approach to motivate those individuals that are the least likely to engage in regular PA to be more physically active and adhere to regular PA are active video games or "exergames" that combine PA and video gaming. However, existing exergames do not offer fitness-level adjusted, individualized workouts and are normally stationary and bound to a TV, thus not enabling PA anywhere and at any time. To address these shortcomings, the investigators used sports scientific expertise to develop a smartphone-based, mobile gardening simulation game application, specifically designed for middle-aged T2DM patients, to induce a healthier, more active lifestyle as part of a successful T2DM treatment and management.

02

Conditions studied

  • Overweight
  • Obesity
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
03

In context

Diabetes Mellitus

10,925 studies on the registry are indexed under Diabetes Mellitus; 1,319 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 36 is below the median of 80 across 8,367 interventional studies indexed under Diabetes Mellitus.

Browse Diabetes Mellitus studies →

Lead sponsor

University of Basel is the lead sponsor of 61 studies on the registry; 9 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
45 Years to 70 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Informed Consent as documented by signature
  • Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (doctor diagnosed)
  • Body Mass Index >25 kg/m2
  • Regular smartphone use during the last year before the study
  • Motivation to participate in the study for its entire duration of 24 weeks

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Other clinically significant concomitant disease states (e.g., renal failure, hepatic dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, etc.),
  • Inability to follow the procedures of the study, e.g. due to language problems, psychological disorders, dementia, etc. of the participant
  • Previous enrolment into the current study
  • Participation in other studies in the last four weeks
  • Systolic blood pressure > 170mmHg, diastolic blood pressure > 100 mmHg
  • Regular physical activity before the study (≥150 min moderate intensity daily PA per week or >1 endurance or strength training session per week of more than 30 min in duration)
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Double (Investigator, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
36 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Intervention

    MOBIGAME group

    Device: MOBIGAME

  • Active comparator
    Control

    Lifestyle counseling group

    Other: Control

Interventions

  • DeviceMOBIGAME

    Mobile phone based game-like software application and platform (MOBIGAME) that includes individualized and structured exercise regimens (endurance, strength, balance and flexibility) that are based on the user's individual fitness evaluation (through established fitness tests) and incorporated into the story line of a gardening simulation game.

  • OtherControl

    One-time standard lifestyle counseling including the promotion of baseline activities of daily life as well as a structured exercise plan including strength and endurance exercises with moderately increasing intensity and duration that is to be implemented autonomously.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Change from baseline daily physical activity at 24 weeks

    Measured as steps per day.

    Time frame: Baseline and 24 weeks

Secondary outcomes

  1. Adherence to the intervention

    Measured as usage log entries (intervention group) and self-reported exercise log entries (control group).

    Time frame: 24 weeks

Other outcomes

  1. Change from baseline self-determination at 24 weeks

    Self-determination (intrinsic motivation, perceived competence, perceived choice, perceived usefulness measured via the score in an abridged, 12-item version of the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory.

    Time frame: Baseline and 24 weeks

  2. Change from baseline cardiorespiratory fitness at 24 weeks

    Aerobic capacity measured as VO2peak.

    Time frame: Baseline and 24 weeks

  3. Change from baseline six minute walking distance at 24 weeks

    Measured via the Six Minute Walk Test

    Time frame: Baseline and 24 weeks

  4. Change from baseline isometric leg strength at 24 weeks

    Measured as maximal isometric force and rate of force development.

    Time frame: Baseline and 24 weeks

  5. Change from baseline leg strength endurance at 24 weeks

    Assessed as maximum number of repetitions in the Sit-to-Stand Test (STS)

    Time frame: Baseline and 24 weeks

  6. Change from baseline glucose metabolism at 24 weeks

    Fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting C-peptides, fasting insulin levels and insulin resistance, measured as homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index.

    Time frame: Baseline and 24 weeks

  7. Change from baseline inflammatory markers at 24 weeks

    Total cholesterol, LDL- and HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein B, irisin, adiponectin and interleukin-6

    Time frame: Baseline and 24 weeks

  8. Change from baseline central blood pressure at 24 weeks

    Time frame: Baseline and 24 weeks

  9. Change from baseline pulse wave reflection at 24 weeks

    Measured as augmentation index.

    Time frame: Baseline and 24 weeks

  10. Change from baseline arterial stiffness at 24 weeks

    Measured as aortic pulse wave velocity.

    Time frame: Baseline and 24 weeks

  11. Change from baseline microvascular function at 24 weeks

    Measured as retinal vessel diameters.

    Time frame: Baseline and 24 weeks

  12. Change from baseline health-related quality of life (HRQOL) at 24 weeks

    Assessed with score in the 36-item Short Form questionnaire (SF-36).

    Time frame: Baseline and 24 weeks

  13. Change from baseline fatigue at 24 weeks

    Measured via the score in the 13-item FACIT Fatigue Scale.

    Time frame: Baseline and 24 weeks

  14. Perceived acceptance of intervention

    Measured via the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) questionnaire.

    Time frame: 24 weeks

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel
    Basel, BS 4052, Switzerland
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Hochsmann C, Muller O, Ambuhl M, Klenk C, Konigstein K, Infanger D, Walz SP, Schmidt-Trucksass A. Novel Smartphone Game Improves Physical Activity Behavior in Type 2 Diabetes. Am J Prev Med. 2019 Jul;57(1):41-50. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2019.02.017. Epub 2019 May 22. PubMed 31128953 ↗
  • Hochsmann C, Infanger D, Klenk C, Konigstein K, Walz SP, Schmidt-Trucksass A. Effectiveness of a Behavior Change Technique-Based Smartphone Game to Improve Intrinsic Motivation and Physical Activity Adherence in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Serious Games. 2019 Feb 13;7(1):e11444. doi: 10.2196/11444. PubMed 30758293 ↗
  • Hochsmann C, Walz SP, Schafer J, Holopainen J, Hanssen H, Schmidt-Trucksass A. Mobile Exergaming for Health-Effects of a serious game application for smartphones on physical activity and exercise adherence in type 2 diabetes mellitus-study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2017 Mar 6;18(1):103. doi: 10.1186/s13063-017-1853-3. PubMed 28264717 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Apr 27, 2018, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT02657018
Lead sponsor
University of Basel
Collaborators
Swiss National Science Foundation
Responsible party
Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss (Prof. Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss MD, MA, FESC, University of Basel) — Principal investigator
First posted
Jan 15, 2016
Start date
Aug 2016
Primary completion
Apr 2018
Completion
Apr 2018
Last update
Apr 27, 2018

Study contacts

Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss, MD, MA, FESC
principal investigator · University of Basel

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is completed, as verified in Apr 2018. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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