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RecruitingNCT02530073FETOUpdated Jun 18, 2026

Trial of Fetoscopic Endoluminal Tracheal Occlusion (FETO) for CDH

An interventional study of Fetoscopic Endoluminal Tracheal Occlusion (FETO) in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernias, sponsored by Connecticut Children's Medical Center. Recruiting at 1 site in United States. Open to female participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-06-18.

Sponsored by Connecticut Children's Medical Center · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
15
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
Female
01

Study summary

The rationale for fetal therapy in severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is to restore adequate lung growth for neonatal survival.

Read the detailed description

Prenatal tracheal occlusion (TO) obstructs the normal egress of lung fluid during pulmonary development leading to increased lung tissue stretch, increased cell proliferation, and accelerated lung growth. European colleagues have developed foregut endoscopy and techniques to position and remove endoluminal tracheal balloons in utero. Recently, the Belgium group published summary results of FETO showing an improved survival in 175 patients with isolated left CDH from 24% to 49%.

The goal of this pilot study is to study the feasibility of implementing FETO therapy in the most severe group of fetuses with left CDH Observed/expected lung-to-head ratio \< 25%(O/E LHR \< 25%).

02

Conditions studied

  • Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernias

Keywords

  • congenital diaphragmatic hernia
  • FETO
  • tracheal occlusion
03

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
Female
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Pregnant women age 18 years and older, who are able to consent
  • Singleton pregnancy

Fetal

  • Normal Karyotype
  • Fetal Diagnosis of Isolated Left CDH with liver up
  • Gestation at enrollment prior to 29 wks plus 6 days
  • SEVERE pulmonary hypoplasia with Ultra Sound O/E LHR \< 25%

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Pregnant women \<18 years of age.
  • Maternal contraindication to fetoscopic surgery or severe maternal medical condition in pregnancy
  • Technical limitations precluding fetoscopic surgery
  • Rubber latex allergy
  • Preterm labor, cervix shortened (\<15 mm at enrollment or within 24 hours of FETO balloon insertion procedure) or uterine anomaly strongly predisposing to preterm labor, placenta previa
  • Psychosocial ineligibility, precluding consent
  • Diaphragmatic hernia: right-sided or bilateral, major associated anomalies, isolated left-sided with the O/E LHR ≥ 25%
  • Inability to remain at FETO site during time period of tracheal occlusion, delivery and postnatal care
04

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
15 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Fetoscopic Endoluminal Tracheal Occlusion (FETO)

    An un-blinded non-randomized single arm pilot study of FETO in fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH)

    Device: Fetoscopic Endoluminal Tracheal Occlusion (FETO)

Interventions

  • DeviceFetoscopic Endoluminal Tracheal Occlusion (FETO)

    This study will position and remove an endoluminal tracheal balloon in utero (FETO) to study the feasibility of implementing FETO therapy in the most severe group of fetuses with left CDH and observed/expected length head ratio \<25% (O/E LHR).

    Also known as: BALT GOLDBAL2 Tracheal Balloon Catheter system

05

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Percent of neonatal survivors at time of discharge

    Feasibility, safety, and survival rates of the FETO procedure

    Time frame: Discharge from the hospital, an expected average of 12 weeks.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Prenatal increase in lung volume

    Lung volume after FETO procedure

    Time frame: 2 weeks (prenatally)

  2. Number of days of Postnatal mechanical ventilator support

    mechanical ventilator support will be monitored and recorded in days of use

    Time frame: First 28 days of postnatal life

  3. Changes in RNA content of tracheal and amniotic fluid

    Describe how tracheal occlusion affects the RNA content of amniotic and tracheal fluid in CDH fetuses, and to correlate this transcriptomic profile to the degree of lung hypoplasia and fetal and neonatal clinical outcomes.

    Time frame: At time of balloon placement and removal

  4. Characterization of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and miRNAs in tracheal and amniotic fluid

    To describe how extracellular vesicles (EVs) are derived from the amniotic and tracheal fluid of CDH patients before and after tracheal occlusion, and to determine whether the identified miRNAs of interest are intra- or extra-vesicular.

    Time frame: At time of balloon placement and removal

06

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
  • Connecticut Children's Medical Center
    Hartford, Connecticut 06106, United States
    Recruiting
07

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT02530073
Lead sponsor
Connecticut Children's Medical Center
Responsible party
Timothy Crombleholme (Director of Fetal Care Center, Connecticut Children's Medical Center) — Principal investigator
First posted
Aug 20, 2015
Start date
Sep 2015
Primary completion
Aug 2028 (estimated)
Completion
Aug 2030 (estimated)
Last update
Jun 18, 2026

Study contacts

Katie E Boyle, MPH
Contact
Kboyle01@connecticutchildrens.org
860-837-6547
Timothy Crombleholme, MD
principal investigator · Connecticut Children's Medical Center

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
Yes
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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