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CompletedNCT02483663BRATUpdated Oct 27, 2017

Brain Regulation of Appetite in Twins

An observational study in Obesity and Appetite, sponsored by University of Washington. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 50 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2017-10-27.

Sponsored by University of Washington · Observational

Study type
Observational
Model
Family-based
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
122
Ages
18 Years to 50 Years
Sex
All
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Study summary

Scientists are examining the genetic and environmental influences on appetite and weight gain. The main purpose of this study is to look at how genetic and environmental factors may influence how the brain regulates appetite and food intake. Understanding how the brain regulates appetite and food intake may eventually lead to new ways to help people avoid obesity or lose weight.

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Conditions studied

  • Obesity
  • Appetite

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Keywords

  • Twins
  • Obesity
  • Appetite
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In context

Obesity

6,296 studies on the registry are indexed under Obesity; 1,692 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 122 is close to the median of 135 across 1,283 observational studies indexed under Obesity.

Browse Obesity studies →

Lead sponsor

University of Washington is the lead sponsor of 1,397 studies on the registry; 225 are open to participants now.

Of its 154 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 132 (86%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

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Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 50 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

Monozygotic and dizygotic twins recruited from the University of Washington Twin Registry

Inclusion criteria

  • Ability and willingness to come with their twin to the University of Washington (Seattle)
  • Additional Criteria for Aim 1 random sample only: Member of randomly selected MZ pair or
  • Additional criteria for Aim 2 random sample only: One member of MZ or same-sex DZ pair with BMI of at least 30 kg/m\^2
  • Additional criteria for Aim 3 sample only: Member of randomly selected MZ pair, and not BMI discordant ≥ 5 kg/m\^2

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • History of weight loss surgery or active participation in weight loss program
  • Major medical problem (e.g., diabetes, cancer)
  • Current use of weight loss medications or other medications known to alter appetite
  • Pregnancy or menopause
  • MRI contraindication (i.e., implanted metal, claustrophobia)
  • Lifetime eating disorder
  • Current smoking
  • Current heavy alcohol use (≥2 drinks per day for females and ≥ 3 drinks per day for males)
  • Self-reported weight >330 pounds at time of phone screening. MRI cannot accommodate all shapes or weights. Inability to have MRI does not exclude subject from participating in other study procedures.
  • BMI \< 18.5 or > 45 kg/m\^2
  • Allergies to study foods or inability to taste
  • Twins were raised apart
  • Co-twin not eligible or not willing to participate
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Study design

Observational model
Family-based
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
122 participants (actual)
Patient registry
No

Groups and cohorts

  • 27 Monozygotic Pairs

    Device: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging · Radiation: Dual Energy X-ray absorptiometry · Other: Questionnaires · Other: Mood and Appetite Ratings · Other: Test Meals · Other: Computer Tests · Procedure: Intravenous Catheter (IV) placement

  • 27 Dizygotic Pairs

    Device: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging · Radiation: Dual Energy X-ray absorptiometry · Other: Questionnaires · Other: Mood and Appetite Ratings · Other: Test Meals · Other: Computer Tests · Procedure: Intravenous Catheter (IV) placement

Interventions

  • DeviceFunctional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

    Measure brain activity.

    Also known as: fMRI

  • RadiationDual Energy X-ray absorptiometry

    Body composition measurements.

    Also known as: DXA

  • OtherQuestionnaires

    Questionnaires related to: health, weight, sleep, mood, dietary habits, attitudes towards eating, how you describe yourself.

  • OtherMood and Appetite Ratings

    Answer questions about how you are feeling at the moment.

  • OtherTest Meals

    Breakfast, a snack, and lunch provided during study visit.

  • OtherComputer Tests

    Perform a series of computer tests to determine reaction time.

  • ProcedureIntravenous Catheter (IV) placement

    Blood samples collected throughout regular intervals during the study visit day to measure levels of hormones involved in regulating appetite and body weight. We will also determine if twins are fraternal or identical and will examine DNA to see if participants carry two genes that affect appetite or body weight, the FTO gene and the MC4R gene.

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What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Meal-induced nutrient and hormonal changes in plasma (insulin, GLP-1, ghrelin, glucose)

    Time frame: Baseline

  2. Brain activation during fMRI in satiety-related regions

    Time frame: Baseline

  3. Body composition: fasting leptin and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)

    Time frame: Baseline

  4. DNA evaluation of FTO genotypes

    Time frame: Baseline

  5. Objective satiety: caloric and macronutrient intake

    Time frame: Baseline

  6. Subjective satiety: visual analog scale (VAS) scores and appeal ratings

    Time frame: Baseline

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Study locations

1 site
  • University of Washington
    Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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References and documents

Publications

  • Melhorn SJ, Askren MK, Chung WK, Kratz M, Bosch TA, Tyagi V, Webb MF, De Leon MRB, Grabowski TJ, Leibel RL, Schur EA. FTO genotype impacts food intake and corticolimbic activation. Am J Clin Nutr. 2018 Feb 1;107(2):145-154. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqx029. PubMed 29529147 ↗
  • Mestre ZL, Melhorn SJ, Askren MK, Tyagi V, Gatenby C, Young L, Mehta S, Webb MF, Grabowski TJ, Schur EA. Effects of Anxiety on Caloric Intake and Satiety-Related Brain Activation in Women and Men. Psychosom Med. 2016 May;78(4):454-64. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000299. PubMed 26867073 ↗
  • Melhorn SJ, Mehta S, Kratz M, Tyagi V, Webb MF, Noonan CJ, Buchwald DS, Goldberg J, Maravilla KR, Grabowski TJ, Schur EA. Brain regulation of appetite in twins. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016 Feb;103(2):314-22. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.115.121095. Epub 2016 Jan 6. PubMed 26739033 ↗
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Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Oct 27, 2017, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT02483663
Lead sponsor
University of Washington
Collaborators
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Columbia University
Responsible party
Ellen Schur, MD, MS (Associate Professor, Medicine, University of Washington) — Principal investigator
First posted
Jun 29, 2015
Start date
Aug 2010
Primary completion
Aug 2015
Completion
Aug 2015
Last update
Oct 27, 2017

Study contacts

Ellen Schur, MD, MS
principal investigator · University of Washington
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is completed, as verified in Oct 2017. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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