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CompletedNCT02226822J-DISCOVERUpdated Feb 7, 2020

DISCOVERing Treatment Reality of Type 2 Diabetes in Real World Setting in Japan

An observational study in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, sponsored by AstraZeneca. Completed at 107 sites in Japan. Open to participants aged 20 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2020-02-07.

Sponsored by AstraZeneca · Observational

Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
1,869
Ages
20 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This study is intended to prospectively research the treatment reality and long-term disease control of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients who are initiating 2nd line anti-diabetes treatment in sites across Japan.

Read the detailed description

This study is a single country, multicenter, observational, prospective, longitudinal cohort study which will include adult patients with documented history of T2DM who are initiating a second line oral or parenteral anti-diabetes mediation after their first line anti-diabetic therapy in real world setting. The follow-up period is 3 years. Patients will undergo clinical assessments and receive standard medical care as determined by the treating physician. Patients will not receive experimental intervention or experimental treatment as a consequence of their participation in the study.

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Conditions studied

  • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Keywords

  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus
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In context

Diabetes Mellitus

10,925 studies on the registry are indexed under Diabetes Mellitus; 1,319 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 1,869 is above the median of 233 across 2,220 observational studies indexed under Diabetes Mellitus.

Browse Diabetes Mellitus studies →

Lead sponsor

AstraZeneca is the lead sponsor of 3,429 studies on the registry; 270 are open to participants now.

Of its 357 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 173 (48%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

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Who can participate

Ages eligible
20 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

Adult patients with documented history of type 2 diabetes mellitus who are initiating their second line oral or parenteral anti-diabetics medication after first line oral diabetic therapy

Inclusion criteria

  1. Written consent obtained
  2. Aged > = 20 years
  3. Diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus
  4. Initiating a second oral or parenteral anti-diabetic therapy added to oral anti-diabetic monotherapy or switching from the monotherapy to another monotherapy with different drug class

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
  2. Current pregnancy
  3. Current treatment for any cancer
  4. Current dialysis treatment or renal transplantation
  5. Current treatment with any oral steroids
  6. Participation in any randomized control trials
  7. Presence of any condition/circumstance which in the opinion of the investigator could significantly limit the complete follow up of the patient (e.g. tourist, non-native speaker who does not understand the local language where interpreter are not available, psychiatric disturbances, alcohol or drug abuse).
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Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
1,869 participants (actual)
Patient registry
No

Groups and cohorts

  • Adult patients with documented T2DM

    Adult patients with documented history of type 2 diabetes mellitus who are initiating their second line oral or parenteral anti-diabetics medication after first line oral diabetic therapy

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What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Classes of diabetic medications at baseline and changes up to 3 years

    Classes of anti-diabetic medications at baseline and any changes of anti-diabetic medications during 3 years follow-up period.

    Time frame: At 6, 12, 24, 36 month from enrollment

Secondary outcomes

  1. Hemoglobin A1c change from baseline, Achievement rate of HbA1c and blood glucose target goals

    Overall and by second line anti-diabetic medication class, treatment response in terms of changes in HbA1c from baseline, achievement rate of HbA1c and blood glucose target goals

    Time frame: At 6, 12, 24, 36 month from enrollment

  2. Blood glucose level change from baseline

    Overall and by second line anti-diabetic medication class, treatment response in terms of changes in blood glucose level (FPG or CPG or PPG) from baseline.

    Time frame: At 6, 12, 24, 36 month from enrollment

  3. Body weight change from baseline

    Overall and by second line anti-diabetic medication class, treatment response in terms of changes in body weight.

    Time frame: At 6, 12, 24, 36 month from enrollment

  4. Blood pressure change from baseline

    Overall and by second line anti-diabetic medication class, treatment response in terms of changes in blood pressure from baseline.

    Time frame: At 6, 12, 24, 36 month from enrollment

  5. Lipid profile changes from baseline

    Overall and by second line anti-diabetic medication class, treatment response in terms of changes in lipid profile

    Time frame: At 6, 12, 24, 36 month from enrollment

  6. Incidence of microvascular complications

    Overall and by second line anti-diabetic medication class, disease progression in terms of microvascular complications: incidence of chronic nephropathy, dialysis, diabetic retinopathy, retinal photocoagulation, amputation of lower extremity, diabetic foot, peripheral nerve disorders, autonomic nervous system disorders and erectile dysfunction.

    Time frame: At 6, 12, 24, 36 month from enrollment

  7. Hypoglycemia events

    Overall and by second line anti-diabetic medication class, hypoglycemic events and hyperglycermia hospitalizations

    Time frame: At 6, 12, 24, 36 month from enrollment

  8. Patient reported Quality of Life, diet, and physical activity level

    Overall and by second line anti-diabetic medication class, patient reported Quality of Life, diet, and physical activity level

    Time frame: At 6, 12, 24, 36 month from enrollment

  9. Initiation of insulin therapy, Proportion of patients using insulin

    Initiation of insulin therapy (e.g., reporting the average number of anti-diabetic therapies prescribed as insulin therapy is initiated and dose of insulin)

    Time frame: At 6, 12, 24, 36 month from enrollment

  10. Switching of anti-diabetic medications or dose change

    Switching of anti-diabetic medications or dose change

    Time frame: At 6, 12, 24, 36 month from enrollment

  11. Initiation of third line or above add-on anti-diabetic medications

    Initiation of third line or above add-on anti-diabetic medication (e.g., reporting proportion of patients receiving 2nd, 3rd, 4th or greater anti-diabetic therapies at each follow-up visit)

    Time frame: At 6, 12, 24, 36 month from enrollment

  12. Incidence of macrovascular complications

    Overall and by second line anti-diabetic medication class, disease progression in terms of macrovascular complications (heart failure, myocardial infarction and stroke).

    Time frame: At 6, 12, 24, 36 month from enrollment

  13. Risk factors

    Risk factors (patient characteristics at baseline: e.g. age, gender, duration of diabetes, presence of co-morbidities) associated with poorer clinical outcomes during follow-up

    Time frame: At 6, 12, 24, 36 month after enrollment

  14. Treatment choice

    Determinants of treatment choice

    Time frame: At baseline

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Study locations

107 sites
  • Research Site
    Anjo, Aichi, Japan
  • Research Site
    Anzai, Aichi, Japan
  • Research Site
    Komatsu, Aichi, Japan
  • Research Site
    Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
  • Research Site
    Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
  • Research Site
    Funabashi, Chiba, Japan
  • Research Site
    Kisarazu, Chiba, Japan
  • Research Site
    Tateyama, Chiba, Japan
  • Research Site
    Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
  • Research Site
    Ono, Fukui, Japan
  • Research Site
    Itoshima, Fukuoka, Japan
  • Research Site
    Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
  • Research Site
    Kurate-gun, Fukuoka, Japan
  • Research Site
    Oguri, Fukuoka, Japan
  • Research Site
    Onojo, Fukuoka, Japan
  • Research Site
    Iwaki, Fukushima, Japan
  • Research Site
    Shirakawa, Fukushima, Japan
  • Research Site
    Isesaki, Gunma, Japan
  • Research Site
    Kanra-gun, Gunma, Japan
  • Research Site
    Shibukawa, Gunma, Japan
  • Research Site
    Takasaki, Gunma, Japan
  • Research Site
    Fukuyama, Hiroshima, Japan
  • Research Site
    Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
  • Research Site
    Hakodate, Hokkaido, Japan
  • Research Site
    Kamikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
  • Research Site
    Muroran, Hokkaido, Japan
  • Research Site
    Nakagawa, Hokkaido, Japan
  • Research Site
    Otaru, Hokkaido, Japan
  • Research Site
    Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
  • Research Site
    Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan
  • Research Site
    Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
  • Research Site
    Kobe, Hyougo, Japan
  • Research Site
    Tamba, Hyougo, Japan
  • Research Site
    Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan
  • Research Site
    Koga, Ibaraki, Japan
  • Research Site
    Ushiku, Ibaraki, Japan
  • Research Site
    Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
  • Research Site
    Komatsu, Ishikawa, Japan
  • Research Site
    Takamatsu, Kagawa, Japan
  • Research Site
    Kanoya, Kagoshima, Japan
  • Research Site
    Chigasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
  • Research Site
    Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan
  • Research Site
    Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
  • Research Site
    Kamakura, Kanagawa, Japan
  • Research Site
    Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
  • Research Site
    Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
  • Research Site
    Hitoyoshi, Kumamoto, Japan
  • Research Site
    Tamana, Kumamoto, Japan
  • Research Site
    Ise, Mie, Japan
  • Research Site
    Tsu, Mie, Japan
  • Research Site
    Yokkaichi, Mie, Japan
  • Research Site
    Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
  • Research Site
    Nichinan, Miyazaki, Japan
  • Research Site
    Iida, Nagano, Japan
  • Research Site
    Ueda, Nagano, Japan
  • Research Site
    Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara, Japan
  • Research Site
    Joetsu, Nigata, Japan
  • Research Site
    Tomigusuku, Okinawa, Japan
  • Research Site
    Urazoe, Okinawa, Japan
  • Research Site
    Ikuno-ku, Osaka, Japan
  • Research Site
    Kashiwara, Osaka, Japan
  • Research Site
    Sennan-gun, Osaka, Japan
  • Research Site
    Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
  • Research Site
    Imari, Saga, Japan
  • Research Site
    Karatsu, Saga, Japan
  • Research Site
    Nishimatuura, Saga, Japan
  • Research Site
    Kasukabe, Saitama, Japan
  • Research Site
    Sakado, Saitama, Japan
  • Research Site
    Koka, Shiga, Japan
  • Research Site
    Kouka, Shiga, Japan
  • Research Site
    Maibara, Shiga, Japan
  • Research Site
    Otsu, Shiga, Japan
  • Research Site
    Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
  • Research Site
    Yaizu, Shizuoka, Japan
  • Research Site
    Nasushiobara, Tochigi, Japan
  • Research Site
    Oyama, Tochigi, Japan
  • Research Site
    Shimotsuga-gun, Tochigi, Japan
  • Research Site
    Edogawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
  • Research Site
    Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
  • Research Site
    Kita-ku, Tokyo, Japan
  • Research Site
    Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
  • Research Site
    Kokubunji, Tokyo, Japan
  • Research Site
    Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan
  • Research Site
    Nerima-ku, Tokyo, Japan
  • Research Site
    Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
  • Research Site
    Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
  • Research Site
    Iwade, Wakayama, Japan
  • Research Site
    Mogami, Yamagata, Japan
  • Research Site
    Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
  • Research Site
    Koufu, Yamanashi, Japan
  • Research Site
    Chiba, Japan
  • Research Site
    Fukui, Japan
  • Research Site
    Fukuoka, Japan
  • Research Site
    Gifu, Japan
  • Research Site
    Hiroshima, Japan
  • Research Site
    Kochi, Japan
  • Research Site
    Kumamoto, Japan
  • Research Site
    Kyoto, Japan
  • Research Site
    Miyazaki, Japan
  • Research Site
    Oita, Japan

Showing the first 100 of 107 sites.

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References and documents

Publications

  • Mita T, Katakami N, Takahara M, Kawashima M, Wada F, Akiyama H, Morita N, Kidani Y, Yajima T, Shimomura I, Watada H. Changes in Treatment Satisfaction Over 3 Years in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes After Initiating Second-line Treatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2022 Aug 18;107(9):2424-2432. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgac420. PubMed 35857060 ↗
  • Hejjaji V, Gorgojo-Martinez JJ, Tang F, Garnelo JB, Cooper A, Medina J, Mutiozabal MS, Khunti K, Nicolucci A, Shestakova MV, Ji L, Gomes MB, Watada H, Vora J, Malik AO, Kosiborod M, Arnold SV. Factors associated with weight loss in people with overweight or obesity living with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Insights from the global DISCOVER study. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2022 Sep;24(9):1734-1740. doi: 10.1111/dom.14745. Epub 2022 May 25. PubMed 35546275 ↗
  • Takahara M, Mita T, Katakami N, Wada F, Morita N, Kidani Y, Yajima T, Shimomura I, Watada H; J-DISCOVER study group. Three-Year Glycaemic Control and Management in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Initiating Second-Line Treatment in Japan: A Prospective Observational Study, J-DISCOVER. Diabetes Ther. 2022 Feb;13(2):251-264. doi: 10.1007/s13300-021-01192-x. Epub 2021 Dec 28. PubMed 34962628 ↗
  • Khunti K, Gomes MB, Kosiborod M, Nicolucci A, Pocock S, Rathmann W, Shestakova MV, Shimomura I, Watada H, Chen H, Cid-Ruzafa J, Fenici P, Hammar N, Tang F, Ji L; DISCOVER Scientific Committee and all DISCOVER investigators. Metformin discontinuation in patients beginning second-line glucose-lowering therapy: results from the global observational DISCOVER study programme. BMJ Open. 2020 Aug 30;10(8):e034613. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034613. PubMed 32868349 ↗
  • Katakami N, Mita T, Takahara M, Yajima T, Wada F, Kawashima M, Shimomura I, Watada H; J-DISCOVER Study Group. Baseline Characteristics of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Initiating Second-Line Treatment in Japan: Findings from the J-DISCOVER Study. Diabetes Ther. 2020 Jul;11(7):1563-1578. doi: 10.1007/s13300-020-00846-6. Epub 2020 Jun 5. PubMed 32504219 ↗
  • Khunti K, Chen H, Cid-Ruzafa J, Fenici P, Gomes MB, Hammar N, Ji L, Kosiborod M, Pocock S, Shestakova MV, Shimomura I, Tang F, Watada H, Nicolucci A; DISCOVER investigators. Glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes initiating second-line therapy: Results from the global DISCOVER study programme. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2020 Jan;22(1):66-78. doi: 10.1111/dom.13866. Epub 2019 Oct 1. PubMed 31468637 ↗
  • Nicolucci A, Charbonnel B, Gomes MB, Khunti K, Kosiborod M, Shestakova MV, Shimomura I, Watada H, Chen H, Cid-Ruzafa J, Fenici P, Hammar N, Surmont F, Tang F, Pocock S. Treatment patterns and associated factors in 14 668 people with type 2 diabetes initiating a second-line therapy: Results from the global DISCOVER study programme. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2019 Nov;21(11):2474-2485. doi: 10.1111/dom.13830. Epub 2019 Aug 5. PubMed 31297947 ↗
  • Khunti K, Ji L, Medina J, Surmont F, Kosiborod M. Type 2 diabetes treatment and outcomes worldwide: A short review of the DISCOVER study programme. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2019 Nov;21(11):2349-2353. doi: 10.1111/dom.13817. Epub 2019 Jul 14. PubMed 31215715 ↗
  • Kosiborod M, Gomes MB, Nicolucci A, Pocock S, Rathmann W, Shestakova MV, Watada H, Shimomura I, Chen H, Cid-Ruzafa J, Fenici P, Hammar N, Surmont F, Tang F, Khunti K; DISCOVER investigators. Vascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes: prevalence and associated factors in 38 countries (the DISCOVER study program). Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2018 Nov 28;17(1):150. doi: 10.1186/s12933-018-0787-8. PubMed 30486889 ↗
  • Katakami N, Mita T, Takahara M, Hashigami K, Kawashima M, Shimomura I, Watada H; J-DISCOVER study group. Rationale and Design for the J-DISCOVER Study: DISCOVERing the Treatment Reality of Type 2 Diabetes in a Real-World Setting in Japan-A Protocol. Diabetes Ther. 2018 Feb;9(1):165-175. doi: 10.1007/s13300-017-0351-7. Epub 2017 Dec 19. PubMed 29260460 ↗
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Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Feb 7, 2020, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT02226822
Lead sponsor
AstraZeneca
Collaborators
Ono Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Aug 27, 2014
Start date
Sep 20, 2014
Primary completion
Feb 12, 2019
Completion
Feb 12, 2019
Last update
Feb 7, 2020

Study contacts

Kiyoshi Hashigami, M.D.
study director · AstraZeneca
Iichiro Shimomura, M.D., Ph.D.
principal investigator · Department of Metabolic Medicine (Internal Medicine), Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
Hirotaka Watada, M.D., Ph.D.
principal investigator · Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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