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CompletedNCT01876472Updated Jun 12, 2013

Differences in Music Perception Skills Between Child, Teen and Adult Cochlear Implant Recipients

An observational study in Cochlear Implant Recipients, sponsored by University of Zurich. Completed at 1 site in Switzerland. Open to participants aged 3 Years to 70 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2013-06-12.

Sponsored by University of Zurich · Observational

Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
50
Ages
3 Years to 70 Years
Sex
All
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Study summary

Adult recipients of cochlear implants (CI) generally loose interest in listening to music. This may be due to the rather limited spectral resolution of CI. However, child CI-recipients, if offered the opportunity, like to listen to music. They participate actively in musical acitivities, such as singing, dancing or playing an instrument. Thus, there seems to be a fundamental difference in the music perception of people who receive CI as child or as adult.

This study assesses music perception skills of child, teen and adult cochlear implant recipients in settings with simple tone sequences and in a more complex, melodious context.

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Conditions studied

  • Cochlear Implant Recipients
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In context

Lead sponsor

University of Zurich is the lead sponsor of 1,030 studies on the registry; 130 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

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Who can participate

Ages eligible
3 Years to 70 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

Healthy CI recipients that receive their regular follow-ups in the ENT-clinic of the Zurich University Hospital.

Inclusion criteria

  • Participants are uni- or bilateral CI recipients.
  • Participants are at least 3 years old.
  • Participants received CI one or more years before.
  • Participants are healthy.
  • Participation in the study is voluntary.
  • Participants and their legal custodians have read the information for participants at least one day prior to the test and given their written consent.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria:

  • Surgery for CI carried out less than one year before the test.
  • Children less than 3 years old.
  • Reduced cognitive capabilities due to old age.
  • Physical or mental handicaps.
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Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
50 participants (actual)
Patient registry
No

Groups and cohorts

  • Children aged 3 - 10 years

    Assessment of music perception skills with cochlear implant recipients aged 3 - 10 years

    Behavioral: Assessment of music perception skills

  • Teenagers aged 11 - 15 years

    Assessment of music perception skills with cochlear implant recipients aged 11 - 15 years

    Behavioral: Assessment of music perception skills

  • Adults aged 16 - 70 years

    Assessment of music perception skills with cochlear implant recipients aged 16 - 70 years

    Behavioral: Assessment of music perception skills

Interventions

  • BehavioralAssessment of music perception skills

    A sequence of tones is presented to participants. Then the same sequence is presented again, with the 4th tone being one to six half tones different from the first sequence. Participants are asked to indicate when they hear a difference betweent the first and the second sequence.

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What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Does the age at which a person receives a cochlear implant influence music perception skills?

    The test assesses wether cochlear implant carriers are able to hear the difference betweent two sequences of sounds, where in the second sequence on tone is different from the first sequence. If a difference is perceived, then the test assesses how big this difference has to be in order to be heard. The first and the second test are no more than six months apart; both times the same procedure is followed. The test is carried out with three age groups: 1. Children aged 3-10 years 2. Teenagers aged 11 - 14 years 3. Persons above 15 years

    Time frame: Test and retest are taken within 6 months

Secondary outcomes

  1. Do the results of the primary outcome measure depend on the tone sequence presented to the cochlear implant recipients?

    The test is carried out with three different tone sequences: 1. Same tone at three different octaves (control tune: 131 Hz, 262 Hz, 523 Hz) 2. Tune of rising, then falling notes 3. Tune of rising notes only

    Time frame: Test and retest are no more than 6 months apart

Other outcomes

  1. How can the findings of the primary and the secondary outcome measure be used to improve music perception with existing cochlear implants?

    Can the results of the primary and the secondary outcome measure be applied to improve music perception with existing cochlear implants - e.g. by changing / adapting algorithms?

    Time frame: 6 months

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Study locations

1 site
  • University Hospital Zurich,
    Zurich, ZH 8091, Switzerland
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References and documents

Publications

  • Svirsky MA, Robbins AM, Kirk KI, Pisoni DB, Miyamoto RT. Language development in profoundly deaf children with cochlear implants. Psychol Sci. 2000 Mar;11(2):153-8. doi: 10.1111/1467-9280.00231. PubMed 11273423 ↗
  • Nicholas JG, Geers AE. Effects of early auditory experience on the spoken language of deaf children at 3 years of age. Ear Hear. 2006 Jun;27(3):286-98. doi: 10.1097/01.aud.0000215973.76912.c6. PubMed 16672797 ↗
  • Svirsky MA, Teoh SW, Neuburger H. Development of language and speech perception in congenitally, profoundly deaf children as a function of age at cochlear implantation. Audiol Neurootol. 2004 Jul-Aug;9(4):224-33. doi: 10.1159/000078392. PubMed 15205550 ↗
  • Fujita S, Ito J. Ability of nucleus cochlear implantees to recognize music. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1999 Jul;108(7 Pt 1):634-40. doi: 10.1177/000348949910800702. PubMed 10435919 ↗
  • Green T, Faulkner A, Rosen S. Spectral and temporal cues to pitch in noise-excited vocoder simulations of continuous-interleaved-sampling cochlear implants. J Acoust Soc Am. 2002 Nov;112(5 Pt 1):2155-64. doi: 10.1121/1.1506688. PubMed 12430827 ↗
  • Peretz I, Hyde KL. What is specific to music processing? Insights from congenital amusia. Trends Cogn Sci. 2003 Aug;7(8):362-367. doi: 10.1016/s1364-6613(03)00150-5. PubMed 12907232 ↗
  • Fitzsimons M, Sheahan N, Staunton H. Gender and the integration of acoustic dimensions of prosody: implications for clinical studies. Brain Lang. 2001 Jul;78(1):94-108. doi: 10.1006/brln.2000.2448. PubMed 11412018 ↗
  • Shannon RV, Zeng FG, Kamath V, Wygonski J, Ekelid M. Speech recognition with primarily temporal cues. Science. 1995 Oct 13;270(5234):303-4. doi: 10.1126/science.270.5234.303. PubMed 7569981 ↗
  • K. Gfeller, S. A. Witt, L. J. Spencer, J. Stordahl and B. Tomblin (1999), Musical Involvement and Enjoyment of Children Who Use Cochlear Implants, Volta Review, 100(4), pp. 213-233
  • Mitani C, Nakata T, Trehub SE, Kanda Y, Kumagami H, Takasaki K, Miyamoto I, Takahashi H. Music recognition, music listening, and word recognition by deaf children with cochlear implants. Ear Hear. 2007 Apr;28(2 Suppl):29S-33S. doi: 10.1097/AUD.0b013e318031547a. PubMed 17496641 ↗
  • Cooper WB, Tobey E, Loizou PC. Music perception by cochlear implant and normal hearing listeners as measured by the Montreal Battery for Evaluation of Amusia. Ear Hear. 2008 Aug;29(4):618-26. doi: 10.1097/AUD.0b013e318174e787. PubMed 18469714 ↗
  • Sharma A, Dorman MF, Kral A. The influence of a sensitive period on central auditory development in children with unilateral and bilateral cochlear implants. Hear Res. 2005 May;203(1-2):134-43. doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2004.12.010. PubMed 15855038 ↗
  • Looi V, She J. Music perception of cochlear implant users: a questionnaire, and its implications for a music training program. Int J Audiol. 2010 Feb;49(2):116-28. doi: 10.3109/14992020903405987. PubMed 20151886 ↗
  • Gfeller K, Turner C, Mehr M, Woodworth G, Fearn R, Knutson JF, Witt S, Stordahl J. Recognition of familiar melodies by adult cochlear implant recipients and normal-hearing adults. Cochlear Implants Int. 2002 Mar;3(1):29-53. doi: 10.1179/cim.2002.3.1.29. PubMed 18792110 ↗
  • Trehub SE, Cohen AJ, Thorpe LA, Morrongiello BA. Development of the perception of musical relations: semitone and diatonic structure. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1986 Aug;12(3):295-301. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.12.3.295. PubMed 2943857 ↗
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Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jun 12, 2013, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT01876472
Lead sponsor
University of Zurich
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jun 12, 2013
Start date
Nov 2011
Primary completion
Jul 2012
Completion
Jul 2012
Last update
Jun 12, 2013

Study contacts

Dorothe Veraguth, MD
principal investigator · University Hospital Zurich, Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

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