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CompletedNCT01795248Updated Nov 4, 2020

The Impact of Liraglutide on Glucose Tolerance and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Women With Previous Pregnancy-induced Diabetes

A Phase 4 interventional study of Liraglutide and Placebo in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, sponsored by Tina Vilsboll. Completed at 1 site in Denmark. Open to female participants aged 18 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2020-11-04.

Sponsored by Tina Vilsboll · Phase 4, Interventional, and Prevention

From the registry’s dates

  • Registered 7 months after the study started (first participant enrolled Jul 2012, registered Feb 2013).
Phase
Phase 4
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
105
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
Female
01

Study summary

It is well-known that women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus are in risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life; approximately half of the women develop overt type 2 diabetes within the first 10 years after pregnancy. Knowing this, we want to examine the effect of the type 2 diabetes medicine, liraglutide (Victoza), in women with previous gestational diabetes with the aim of reducing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

02

Conditions studied

  • Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Keywords

  • gestational diabetes mellitus
  • incretin
  • glucose homeostasis
  • GLP-1
  • type 2 diabetes mellitus
  • liraglutide
  • Victoza
03

In context

Diabetes, Gestational

842 studies on the registry are indexed under Diabetes, Gestational; 198 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 105 is close to the median of 110 across 550 interventional studies indexed under Diabetes, Gestational.

Browse Diabetes, Gestational studies →

Lead sponsor

Tina Vilsboll is the lead sponsor of 2 studies on the registry; none are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
Female
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion Criteria for women with previous GDM:

  • Informed oral and written consent
  • Previous diagnosis of GDM according to current Danish guidelines (mainly PG concentrationa t 120 min after 75 g OGTT ≥ 9.0 mM) during pregnancy within the last 5 years
  • Age >18 years
  • 25 kg/m2 \< BMI \< 45 kg/m2
  • NGT, IFG and or IGT
  • Safe contraception and negative pregnancy test

Exclusion Criteria for women with previous GDM:

  • Patients with diabetes
  • HbA1c ≥6.5%
  • Patients with previous pancreatitis or previous neoplasia
  • Pregnant or breast feeding women
  • Anaemia (haemoglobin \<7 mM)
  • Women planning to become pregnant within the next 5 years
  • Women using other contraception than intrauterine device (IUD) or oral contraceptives. Women who do not use safe contraception will be offered application of an IUD.
  • Women treated with statins, corticosteroids or other hormone therapy (except estrogens and gestagens)
  • Ongoing abuse of alcohol or narcotics
  • Impaired hepatic function (liver transaminases >3 times upper normal limit)
  • Impaired renal function (se-creatinine >120 μM and/or albuminuria)
  • Uncontrolled hypertension (systolic blood pressure >180 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure >100 mmHg)
  • Any condition that the investigator feels would interfere with trial participation
  • Receiving any investigational drug within the last 3 months

Inclusion criteria for women without previous GDM:

  • Informed oral and written consent
  • Age >18 years
  • 25 kg/m2 \< BMI \< 45 kg/m2
  • NGT
  • Safe contraception and negative pregnancy test
  • Pregnancy within the last ten years without GDM

Exclusion Criteria for women without previous GDM :

  • Pregnant or breast feeding women
  • Anaemia (haemoglobin \<7 mM)

Inclusion Criteria for women without previous GDM and without NAFLD:

  • Informed oral and written consent
  • Age >18 years
  • 25 kg/m2 \< BMI \< 45 kg/m2
  • NGT
  • At least one pregnancy witin the last ten years without GDM

Exclusion Criteria for women without previous GDM and without NAFLD:

  • Pregnant or breast feeding women
  • Anaemia (haemoglobin \<7 mM)
  • Steatosis as assessed by ultrasound scanning
  • Recieving any investigational drug within the last 3 months
  • Any condition that the investigator feels would interfere with the trial participation

Inclusion Criteria for women with biopsi-verified NAFLD:

  • Informed oral and written consent
  • Women with known NAFLD or NASH
  • Age >18 years
  • 25 kg/m2 \< BMI \< 45 kg/m2
  • NGT
  • At least one prior pregnancy

Exclusion Criteria for women with biopsi-verified NAFLD:

  • women with established cirrhosis
  • Pregnant or breast feedning women
  • Anaemia (haemoglobin \<7 mM)
  • Women treated with statins, corticosteroids or other hormone therapy ( except oestrogens and gestagens)
  • Ongoing abuse of alcohol or narcotics
  • Impaired renal function (se-creatinine > 120 μM and/or albuminuria)
  • Uncontrolled hypertension (systolic blood pressure > 180 mmHg, diastolic blood presure > 100 mmHg)
  • Any condition that the investigator feels would interfere with trial participation
05

Study design

Phase
Phase 4
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Triple (Participant, Care provider, Investigator)
Enrollment
105 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Liraglutide

    1.8 mg liraglutide, subcutaneous, once-daily for five years

    Drug: Liraglutide

  • Placebo comparator
    Placebo

    Placebo, subcutaneous, once-daily for one year

    Drug: Placebo

  • No intervention
    Control

    Control without previous GDM.

Interventions

  • DrugLiraglutide

    1.8 mg liraglutide

    Also known as: Victoza, NN2211

  • DrugPlacebo

    Liraglutide without the GLP-1 analogue

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Change in glucose tolerance

    Changes in glucose is measured by area under the curve for the plasma glucose excursion following a 4-hour 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)

    Time frame: from baseline to 52 wks, 53 wks, 260 wks, and 261 wks

Secondary outcomes

  1. Deterioration in glycaemic status

    Percentage of subjects in each treatment arm with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) at inclusion who develop impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or type 2 diabetes; or with IFG or IGT who develop combined IFG/IGT; or with combined IFG/IGT who develop type 2 diabetes

    Time frame: from baseline to 52 wks, 53, wks, 260 wks, and 261 wks

Other outcomes

  1. Changes in glycated hemoglobin

    Changes in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). From normoglycaemic to prediabetic or type 2 diabetic and from prediabetic to type 2 diabetic or normoglycaemic.

    Time frame: From baseline to 52 wks and 260 wks

  2. Changes in anthropometric measurements

    Changes in body mass index (BMI)(kg/m2), absolute body weight (kg), and waist:hip ratio

    Time frame: from baseline to 52 and 260 wks

  3. Changes in beta cell secretory responses

    changes in area under the curve during OGTT and isoglycemic intravenous glucose infusion (IIGI), the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) and pro-insulin ratio

    Time frame: from baseline to 52, 53, 260, and 261 wks

  4. Changes in insulin sensitivity

    assessed by HOMA-IR and Matsuda insulin sensitivity index

    Time frame: from baseline to 52, 53, 260, and 261 wks

  5. Changes in incretin hormone secretion

    measured as fasting plasma concentrations and plasma responses of GLP-1, GLP2, and GIP and plasma glucagon during OGTT

    Time frame: baseline to 52, 53, 260, and 261 wks

  6. Changes in incretin effect

    insulin and c-peptide responses after OGTT vs. IIGI

    Time frame: baseline to 52, 53, 260, and 261 wks

  7. Changes in presence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

    gamma-glutamyltranferase (GGT), intra-heptic fat, FGF-21, whole body and visceral fat mass/fat-free mass, circulating lipids, ultrasound scan and fibroscan

    Time frame: baseline to 52 and 260 wks

  8. Changes in cardio-metabolic risk measures

    pro-collagen 3, GGT, Intra-hepatic fat, whole body and visceral fat mass/fat-free mass, circulating lipids and cardiovascular biomarkers (highly sensitive c-reactive protein (hs-CRP), N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), adiponectin and plasminogen activator inhibior-1 (PAI-1))

    Time frame: baseline to 52 and 260 wks

  9. Changes in gut microbiota

    optional to the main protocol

    Time frame: baseline to 52 and 260 wks

  10. Changes in subjective appetite

    visual analogue scale (VAS)

    Time frame: baseline to 52, 53, 260, and 261 wks

  11. Number of participants with treatment-related adverse events (Safety and tolerability)

    as assessed by validated questionnaires

    Time frame: baseline to 52 and 260 wks

  12. Change in Quality of life

    Assessed by validated questionnaires (SF-36)

    Time frame: Baseline to 52 and 260 wks

  13. Evaluation of alcohol consumption

    By validated questionnaires

    Time frame: baseline to 52 and 260 wks

  14. Evaluation of microalbuminuria

    Predicitve value of biomarkers for detection of microalbuminuria

    Time frame: baseline to 52 to 260 wks

  15. Evaluation of blindedness of participants and investigators

    questionnaire and the end of the blinded trial

    Time frame: baseline to 52 wks

  16. Changes in bonemarkers

    Time frame: baseline to 52 and 260 wks

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Clinical Metabolic Physiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen
    Hellerup, 2900, Denmark
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Porte D Jr. Mechanisms for hyperglycemia in the metabolic syndrome. The key role of beta-cell dysfunction. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1999 Nov 18;892:73-83. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb07786.x. PubMed 10842653 ↗
  • Vilsboll T, Holst JJ. Incretins, insulin secretion and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia. 2004 Mar;47(3):357-366. doi: 10.1007/s00125-004-1342-6. Epub 2004 Feb 13. PubMed 14968296 ↗
  • Vilsboll T. On the role of the incretin hormones GIP and GLP-1 in the pathogenesis of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Dan Med Bull. 2004 Nov;51(4):364-70. No abstract available. PubMed 16009062 ↗
  • Holst JJ. The physiology of glucagon-like peptide 1. Physiol Rev. 2007 Oct;87(4):1409-39. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00034.2006. PubMed 17928588 ↗
  • Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Lancet. 1998 Sep 12;352(9131):837-53. Erratum In: Lancet 1999 Aug 14;354(9178):602. PubMed 9742976 ↗
  • Damm P, Vestergaard H, Kuhl C, Pedersen O. Impaired insulin-stimulated nonoxidative glucose metabolism in glucose-tolerant women with previous gestational diabetes. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1996 Feb;174(2):722-9. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9378(96)70456-8. PubMed 8623813 ↗
  • Jensen DM, Molsted-Pedersen L, Beck-Nielsen H, Westergaard JG, Ovesen P, Damm P. Screening for gestational diabetes mellitus by a model based on risk indicators: a prospective study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003 Nov;189(5):1383-8. doi: 10.1067/s0002-9378(03)00601-x. PubMed 14634573 ↗
  • Metzger BE, Coustan DR. Summary and recommendations of the Fourth International Workshop-Conference on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. The Organizing Committee. Diabetes Care. 1998 Aug;21 Suppl 2:B161-7. No abstract available. PubMed 9704245 ↗
  • Lauenborg J, Hansen T, Jensen DM, Vestergaard H, Molsted-Pedersen L, Hornnes P, Locht H, Pedersen O, Damm P. Increasing incidence of diabetes after gestational diabetes: a long-term follow-up in a Danish population. Diabetes Care. 2004 May;27(5):1194-9. doi: 10.2337/diacare.27.5.1194. PubMed 15111544 ↗
  • Xiang AH, Kjos SL, Takayanagi M, Trigo E, Buchanan TA. Detailed physiological characterization of the development of type 2 diabetes in Hispanic women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes. 2010 Oct;59(10):2625-30. doi: 10.2337/db10-0521. Epub 2010 Aug 3. PubMed 20682697 ↗
  • Hanna FW, Peters JR. Screening for gestational diabetes; past, present and future. Diabet Med. 2002 May;19(5):351-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1464-5491.2002.00684.x. PubMed 12027921 ↗
  • Bian X, Gao P, Xiong X, Xu H, Qian M, Liu S. Risk factors for development of diabetes mellitus in women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus. Chin Med J (Engl). 2000 Aug;113(8):759-62. PubMed 11776065 ↗
  • Gerich JE. The genetic basis of type 2 diabetes mellitus: impaired insulin secretion versus impaired insulin sensitivity. Endocr Rev. 1998 Aug;19(4):491-503. doi: 10.1210/edrv.19.4.0338. PubMed 9715377 ↗
  • Forbes S, Taylor-Robinson SD, Patel N, Allan P, Walker BR, Johnston DG. Increased prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in European women with a history of gestational diabetes. Diabetologia. 2011 Mar;54(3):641-7. doi: 10.1007/s00125-010-2009-0. Epub 2010 Dec 12. PubMed 21153530 ↗
  • Astrup A, Rossner S, Van Gaal L, Rissanen A, Niskanen L, Al Hakim M, Madsen J, Rasmussen MF, Lean ME; NN8022-1807 Study Group. Effects of liraglutide in the treatment of obesity: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Lancet. 2009 Nov 7;374(9701):1606-16. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61375-1. Epub 2009 Oct 23. Erratum In: Lancet. 2010 Mar 20;375(9719):984. PubMed 19853906 ↗
  • Astrup A, Carraro R, Finer N, Harper A, Kunesova M, Lean ME, Niskanen L, Rasmussen MF, Rissanen A, Rossner S, Savolainen MJ, Van Gaal L; NN8022-1807 Investigators. Safety, tolerability and sustained weight loss over 2 years with the once-daily human GLP-1 analog, liraglutide. Int J Obes (Lond). 2012 Jun;36(6):843-54. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2011.158. Epub 2011 Aug 16. Erratum In: Int J Obes (Lond). 2012 Jun;36(6):890. Int J Obes (Lond). 2013 Feb;37(2):322. PubMed 21844879 ↗
  • Flint A, Raben A, Blundell JE, Astrup A. Reproducibility, power and validity of visual analogue scales in assessment of appetite sensations in single test meal studies. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000 Jan;24(1):38-48. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801083. PubMed 10702749 ↗
  • Flint A, Raben A, Astrup A, Holst JJ. Glucagon-like peptide 1 promotes satiety and suppresses energy intake in humans. J Clin Invest. 1998 Feb 1;101(3):515-20. doi: 10.1172/JCI990. PubMed 9449682 ↗
  • Foghsgaard S, Vedtofte L, Mathiesen ER, Svare JA, Gluud LL, Holst JJ, Damm P, Knop FK, Vilsboll T. The effect of a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist on glucose tolerance in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus: protocol for an investigator-initiated, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, parallel intervention trial. BMJ Open. 2013 Oct 30;3(10):e003834. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-003834. PubMed 24176797 ↗
09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Nov 4, 2020, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT01795248
Lead sponsor
Tina Vilsboll
Collaborators
Novo Nordisk A/S, Rigshospitalet, Denmark, Hvidovre University Hospital, Herlev Hospital, Hillerod Hospital, Denmark, University of Copenhagen, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Aarhus University Hospital
Responsible party
Tina Vilsboll (Dr. Tina Vilsbøll, DMSc, University Hospital, Gentofte, Copenhagen) — Sponsor-investigator
First posted
Feb 20, 2013
Start date
Jul 2012
Primary completion
Sep 2019
Completion
Sep 2020
Last update
Nov 4, 2020

Study contacts

Tina Vilsbøll, MD, DMSc
principal investigator · University Hospital Gentofte
Signe Foghsgaard, MD, PhD
principal investigator · University Hospital Gentofte
Emilie Skytte Andersen, MD, PhD-student
principal investigator · Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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