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CompletedNCT01567527Updated Aug 24, 2018Results posted

Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of an Intramuscular Formulation of Aripiprazole (OPC-14597) as Maintenance Treatment in Bipolar I Patients

A Phase 3 interventional study of Intramuscular (IM) Depot Aripiprazole and Intramuscular (IM) Depot Placebo in Bipolar I Disorder, sponsored by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc.. Completed at 77 sites in 7 countries. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 65 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2018-08-24.

Sponsored by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc. · Phase 3, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Phase 3
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
731
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 65 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This will be a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to assess the time to recurrence of any mood episode in subjects with bipolar I disorder who have maintained stability on aripiprazole IM depot for at least 8 weeks. This trial will include male and female subjects 18 to 65 years of age, inclusive, with a diagnosis of bipolar I disorder, according to DSM-IV-TR criteria and confirmed by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), who have experienced at least one previous manic episode of sufficient severity to require hospitalization and/or treatment with a mood stabilizer or antipsychotic agent in addition to their current manic episode. All subjects must be experiencing a manic episode (per DSM-IV-TR criteria) with a YMRS total score ≥ 20 at trial entry. Both inpatients and outpatients are eligible for this trial.

This trial will consist of a screening phase followed by 4 treatment phases. Subjects will undergo screening for eligibility, followed by a conversion to oral aripiprazole monotherapy phase, if needed, an oral aripiprazole stabilization phase, a single-blind aripiprazole IM depot stabilization phase, and, a double-blind, placebo-controlled phase.

02

Conditions studied

  • Bipolar I Disorder

Keywords

  • Aripiprazole
  • Intramuscular (IM) Depot
  • Bipolar
03

In context

Lead sponsor

Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc. is the lead sponsor of 289 studies on the registry; 18 are open to participants now.

Of its 104 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 69 (66%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 65 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Eligibility criteria

Key Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Male and female subjects 18 to 65 years of age, inclusive, at time of informed consent.
  2. Subjects with a current diagnosis of bipolar I disorder, as defined by DSM-IV-TR criteria and confirmed by the MINI and a history of at least one previous manic or mixed episode with manic symptoms of sufficient severity to require one of the following interventions: hospitalization and/or treatment with a mood stabilizer, and/or treatment with an antipsychotic agent, in addition to their current manic episode. "Require" is defined as an intervention that occurred rather than one that was recommended. Rapid cyclers with 8 or fewer episodes in the previous year will be included.
  3. Subjects currently experiencing a manic episode with a YMRS total score of ≥20 at the Screening Visit.
  4. Subjects can have an inpatient or outpatient status prior to entry into Phase C (IM depot stabilization).
  5. In the investigator's opinion, subjects who are able to understand the nature of the trial and follow protocol requirements, including the prescribed dosage regimens, tablet ingestion, aripiprazole IM depot injection, and discontinuation of prohibited concomitant medications; who can read and understand the written word in order to complete subject-reported outcomes measures; and who can be reliably rated on assessment scales.

Key Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Subjects with a current Axis I (DSM-IV-TR) diagnosis other than bipolar I disorder.
  2. Subjects who have NOT experienced at least one previous manic or mixed episode with manic symptoms of sufficient severity to require one of the following interventions: hospitalization and/or treatment with a mood stabilizer, and /or treatment with an antipsychotic agent, excluding their current manic episode. "Require" is defined as a intervention that occurred rather than one that was recommended.
  3. Subjects with bipolar I disorder who are considered resistant/refractory to treatment for manic symptoms by history.
  4. Subjects unresponsive to clozapine for treatment of mania.
  5. Subjects with a significant risk of committing suicide based on history, mental status examination, investigator's judgment, or C-SSRS answer of "yes" to question 4 or 5 (current or within the last 90 days).
  6. Subjects with a current manic episode with a duration of > 2 years.
  7. Subjects who currently (within the past month) meet DSM-IV-TR criteria for substance abuse or substance dependence; this includes the abuse of alcohol and benzodiazepines, but excludes the use of caffeine and/or nicotine.
  8. Subjects who have a history or evidence of a medical condition that would expose them to an undue risk of a significant adverse event (AE) or interfere with assessments of safety or efficacy during the course of the trial, including but not limited to hepatic, renal, respiratory, cardiovascular, endocrine, neurologic, hematologic, or immunologic disease as determined by the clinical judgment of the investigator.
  9. Subjects who are currently experiencing a mixed or a depressive episode (per DSM-IV-TR criteria).
  10. Subjects with a history of hypersensitivity to antipsychotic agents.
05

Study design

Phase
Phase 3
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Triple (Participant, Investigator, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
731 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Active comparator
    1

    Active Comparator: Treatment of Aripiprazole IM Depot

    Drug: Intramuscular (IM) Depot Aripiprazole

  • Placebo comparator
    2

    Placebo Comparator: Treatment of IM Depot Placebo

    Drug: Intramuscular (IM) Depot Placebo

Interventions

  • DrugIntramuscular (IM) Depot Aripiprazole

    Formulation: Intramuscular (IM) Depot Aripiprazole Formulation 400 mg or 300 mg, once a month injection

  • DrugIntramuscular (IM) Depot Placebo

    Formulation: Intramuscular (IM) Depot Placebo 400 mg or 300 mg, once a month injection

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Time From Randomization to Recurrence of Any Mood Episode During Double-bind Placebo-controlled Phase.

    This endpoint was defined as meeting any of the following criteria: 1. Hospitalization for any mood episode OR 2. Any of the following: 1. YMRS total score ≥ 15 OR 2. MADRS total score ≥ 15 OR 3. CGI-BP-S score \> 4 (overall score) OR 3. SAE of worsening disease (bipolar I disorder) OR 4. Discontinuation due to lack of efficacy or discontinuation due to an AE of worsening disease OR 5. Clinical worsening with the need for treatment of symptoms of an underlying mood disorder by addition of a mood stabilizer, antidepressant treatment, antipsychotic medication, or increase greater than the allowed benzodiazepine doses, or 6. Active suicidality, which is defined as a score of 4 or more on the MADRS item 10 OR an answer of "yes" on question 4 or 5 on the C-SSRS. The time to event is presented in the following table.

    Time frame: Baseline of the Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase Up to the end of the study (Week 52).

Secondary outcomes

  1. Number of Subjects Meeting Criteria for Recurrence of Any Mood Episode.

    To assess the proportion of subjects who met criteria for recurrence of any mood episode (manic, mixed or depressive). Hierarchical procedure was used to preserve the overall Type I error at 0.05.

    Time frame: Baseline of the Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase Up to the end of the study (Week 52).

  2. Mean Change From Randomization to Endpoint in the CGI-BP-S (Mania) Score.

    CGI-BP-S assessed the subject's severity of Illness (mania) based on a 7-point scale ranging from 1 (normal/ not ill at all) to 7 (very severely ill).

    Time frame: Baseline of the Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase up to the end of the study (Week 52).

  3. Time From Randomization to Recurrence Defined by Hospitalization for a Mood Episode.

    Analysis of time from randomization to recurrence defined by hospitalization for a mood episode (Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase efficacy sample). Time to recurrence is presented in the following table.

    Time frame: Baseline of the Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase up to the end of the study (Week 52).

07

Results

Posted Aug 24, 2018

Participant flow

This trial was conducted in 1175 subjects (including 444 screen failures) at 103 trial sites in the following 7 countries: Canada, Japan, Republic of Korea, Poland, Romania, Taiwan, and the United States (US).

Conversion Phase.
Participant flow — Conversion Phase.
MilestoneConversion Phase.Oral Aripiprazole Stabilization Phase.Intramuscular (IM) Depot Stabilization Phase.Double-blind Placebo-controlled Phase - Aripiprazole IM Depot.Double-blind Placebo-controlled Phase - Placebo.
Started4660000
Completed3670000
Not completed990000
Withdrew: Protocol deviation30000
Withdrew: Met withdrawal criteria100000
Withdrew: Withdrawal by subject320000
Withdrew: Lost to follow-up160000
Withdrew: Lack of efficacy20000
Withdrew: Adverse event330000
Withdrew: Withdrawn by the investigator30000
Oral Aripiprazole Stabilization Phase.
Participant flow — Oral Aripiprazole Stabilization Phase.
MilestoneConversion Phase.Oral Aripiprazole Stabilization Phase.Intramuscular (IM) Depot Stabilization Phase.Double-blind Placebo-controlled Phase - Aripiprazole IM Depot.Double-blind Placebo-controlled Phase - Placebo.
Started0632000
Completed0425000
Not completed0207000
Withdrew: Met withdrawal criteria041000
Withdrew: Withdrawal by subject045000
Withdrew: Lost to follow-up044000
Withdrew: Lack of efficacy012000
Withdrew: Adverse event063000
Withdrew: Withdrawn by the investigator02000
IM Depot Stabilization.
Participant flow — IM Depot Stabilization.
MilestoneConversion Phase.Oral Aripiprazole Stabilization Phase.Intramuscular (IM) Depot Stabilization Phase.Double-blind Placebo-controlled Phase - Aripiprazole IM Depot.Double-blind Placebo-controlled Phase - Placebo.
Started0042500
Completed0026600
Not completed0015900
Withdrew: Protocol deviation00500
Withdrew: Met withdrawal criteria002600
Withdrew: Withdrawal by subject005600
Withdrew: Sponsor discontinued study00100
Withdrew: Lost to follow-up002100
Withdrew: Lack of efficacy00700
Withdrew: Adverse event003700
Withdrew: Withdrawn by the investigator00600
Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase
Participant flow — Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase
MilestoneConversion Phase.Oral Aripiprazole Stabilization Phase.Intramuscular (IM) Depot Stabilization Phase.Double-blind Placebo-controlled Phase - Aripiprazole IM Depot.Double-blind Placebo-controlled Phase - Placebo.
Started000133133
Completed0006438
Not completed0006995
Withdrew: Protocol deviation00011
Withdrew: Recurrence of any mood episode with ae0001633
Withdrew: Met withdrawal criteria00047
Withdrew: Ae without recurrence of any moodepisode00071
Withdrew: Withdrawal by subject0001310
Withdrew: Sponsor discontinued study00013
Withdrew: Recurrence of any mood episode withoutae0001935
Withdrew: Lost to follow-up00085

Outcome measures

PrimaryTime From Randomization to Recurrence of Any Mood Episode During Double-bind Placebo-controlled Phase.

This endpoint was defined as meeting any of the following criteria: 1. Hospitalization for any mood episode OR 2. Any of the following: 1. YMRS total score ≥ 15 OR 2. MADRS total score ≥ 15 OR 3. CGI-BP-S score \> 4 (overall score) OR 3. SAE of worsening disease (bipolar I disorder) OR 4. Discontinuation due to lack of efficacy or discontinuation due to an AE of worsening disease OR 5. Clinical worsening with the need for treatment of symptoms of an underlying mood disorder by addition of a mood stabilizer, antidepressant treatment, antipsychotic medication, or increase greater than the allowed benzodiazepine doses, or 6. Active suicidality, which is defined as a score of 4 or more on the MADRS item 10 OR an answer of "yes" on question 4 or 5 on the C-SSRS. The time to event is presented in the following table.

Time frame:
Baseline of the Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase Up to the end of the study (Week 52).
Reported as:
Median · Days
Time From Randomization to Recurrence of Any Mood Episode During Double-bind Placebo-controlled Phase.
DaysAripiprazole IM DepotPlacebo
Time From Randomization to Recurrence of Any Mood Episode During Double-bind Placebo-controlled Phase.NA (NA to NA)308 (178 to NA)
Statistical analysis
  • Aripiprazole IM Depot vs Placebo · Log Rank · p = < 0.0001 · Hazard ratio (hr): 0.451 · 95% CI 0.299 to 0.678Using the Cox proportional hazards model with term for treatment group. HR is estimated for Aripiprazole IM depot relative to Placebo.
  • Aripiprazole IM Depot vs Placebo · Hazard ratio (hr): 2.22 · 95% CI 1.475 to 3.34HR is estimated for Placebo relative to Aripiprazole IM depot.
SecondaryNumber of Subjects Meeting Criteria for Recurrence of Any Mood Episode.

To assess the proportion of subjects who met criteria for recurrence of any mood episode (manic, mixed or depressive). Hierarchical procedure was used to preserve the overall Type I error at 0.05.

Time frame:
Baseline of the Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase Up to the end of the study (Week 52).
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Number of Subjects Meeting Criteria for Recurrence of Any Mood Episode.
ParticipantsAripiprazole IM DepotPlacebo
Number of Subjects Meeting Criteria for Recurrence of Any Mood Episode.3568
Statistical analysis
  • Aripiprazole IM Depot vs Placebo · Fisher Exact · p = < 0.0001 · Percentage difference (final values): -24.6 · 95% CI -36.7 to -12.5
SecondaryMean Change From Randomization to Endpoint in the CGI-BP-S (Mania) Score.

CGI-BP-S assessed the subject's severity of Illness (mania) based on a 7-point scale ranging from 1 (normal/ not ill at all) to 7 (very severely ill).

Time frame:
Baseline of the Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase up to the end of the study (Week 52).
Reported as:
Least squares mean · Units on a scale
Mean Change From Randomization to Endpoint in the CGI-BP-S (Mania) Score.
Units on a scaleAripiprazole IM DepotPlacebo
Mean Change From Randomization to Endpoint in the CGI-BP-S (Mania) Score.-0.16 ± 0.0580.27 ± 0.126
Statistical analysis
  • Aripiprazole IM Depot vs Placebo · Mixed model repeated measure analysis · p = = 0.0011 · Mean difference (final values): -0.43 · 95% CI -0.69 to -0.17
SecondaryTime From Randomization to Recurrence Defined by Hospitalization for a Mood Episode.

Analysis of time from randomization to recurrence defined by hospitalization for a mood episode (Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase efficacy sample). Time to recurrence is presented in the following table.

Time frame:
Baseline of the Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase up to the end of the study (Week 52).
Reported as:
Median · Days
Time From Randomization to Recurrence Defined by Hospitalization for a Mood Episode.
DaysAripiprazole IM DepotPlacebo
Time From Randomization to Recurrence Defined by Hospitalization for a Mood Episode.NA (NA to NA)NA (NA to NA)
Statistical analysis
  • Aripiprazole IM Depot vs Placebo · Log Rank · p = = 0.0002 · Hazard ratio (hr): 0.137 · 95% CI 0.04 to 0.465Using the Cox proportional hazards model with term for treatment group. HR is estimated for Aripiprazole IM depot relative to Placebo.
  • Aripiprazole IM Depot vs Placebo · Hazard ratio (hr): 7.313 · 95% CI 2.151 to 24.865HR is estimated for Placebo relative to Aripiprazole IM depot.

Adverse events

Collected over Any AEs were recorded from the signing of informed consent up to 52 weeks (end of the study).. Non-serious events are listed at a 5% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Conversion Phase.0/459 (0%)32/459 (7%)180/459 (39.2%)
Oral Aripiprazole Stabilization Phase.1/614 (0.2%)35/614 (5.7%)196/614 (31.9%)
IM Depot Stabilization Phase.0/425 (0%)36/425 (8.5%)194/425 (45.6%)
Aripiprazole IM Depot- Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase.1/132 (0.8%)10/132 (7.6%)66/132 (50%)
Placebo-Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase.0/133 (0%)25/133 (18.8%)62/133 (46.6%)
Most frequent serious events
Showing 10 of 49
Most frequent serious events
EventConversion Phase.Oral Aripiprazole Stabilization Phase.IM Depot Stabilization Phase.Aripiprazole IM Depot- Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase.Placebo-Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase.
ManiaPsychiatric disorders13/45917/6147/4252/13210/133
Bipolar disorderPsychiatric disorders6/4592/6140/4251/1323/133
Bipolar I disorderPsychiatric disorders4/4591/6144/4252/1323/133
DepressionPsychiatric disorders0/4594/6148/4250/1320/133
Major depressionPsychiatric disorders1/4591/6140/4250/1322/133
Atrial FibrillationCardiac disorders0/4590/6141/4251/1320/133
Cardio-respiratory arrestCardiac disorders0/4590/6140/4251/1320/133
AsthmaRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders1/4590/6141/4251/1320/133
Respiratory failureRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders0/4590/6140/4251/1320/133
AkathisiaNervous system disorders3/4591/6140/4251/1320/133
Most frequent other events
Most frequent other events
EventConversion Phase.Oral Aripiprazole Stabilization Phase.IM Depot Stabilization Phase.Aripiprazole IM Depot- Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase.Placebo-Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase.
Weight increasedInvestigations13/45922/61447/42531/13224/133
AkathisiaNervous system disorders76/45994/61474/42527/13217/133
NasopharyngitisInfections and infestations18/45911/61422/42510/13213/133
InsomniaPsychiatric disorders35/45934/61441/42510/13210/133
RestlessnessPsychiatric disorders36/45932/61424/4256/1325/133
AnxietyPsychiatric disorders19/45924/61430/4259/1326/133
HeadacheNervous system disorders31/45913/61412/4254/1329/133
FatigueGeneral disorders14/45919/61422/4254/1325/133

Baseline characteristics

Baseline characteristics were presented for the subjects randomized to Double-blind Placebo-controlled Phase. The Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase Efficacy Sample consisted of all randomized subjects who received at least 1 injection of IMP and had at least 1 post-baseline efficacy assessment.

Age, Categorical
Age, Categorical(Participants)Aripiprazole DepotPlaceboTotal
<=18 years000
Between 18 and 65 years133132265
>=65 years011
Age, Continuous
Age, Continuous(years)Aripiprazole DepotPlaceboTotal
Mean40.6 ± 10.840.6 ± 11.240.6 ± 11.0
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)Aripiprazole DepotPlaceboTotal
Female8370153
Male5063113
Region of Enrollment
Region of Enrollment(Participants)Aripiprazole DepotPlaceboTotal
Canada202
South Korea7714
Romania81220
United States101102203
Japan91019
Taiwan213
Poland415
Age at first manic episode (years)
Age at first manic episode (years)(years)Aripiprazole DepotPlaceboTotal
Mean25.2 ± 10.324.8 ± 9.925.0 ± 10.1
Number of mood episodes past 12 months
Number of mood episodes past 12 months(Mood episodes)Aripiprazole DepotPlaceboTotal
Mean2.2 ± 1.22.2 ± 1.12.2 ± 1.2
Duration of disease prior to enrollment (years)
Duration of disease prior to enrollment (years)(years)Aripiprazole DepotPlaceboTotal
Mean12.1 ± 9.213.6 ± 9.812.9 ± 9.5
Number of prior hospitalizations for a mood episode
Number of prior hospitalizations for a mood episode(Prior hospitalization for mood episode)Aripiprazole DepotPlaceboTotal
Mean3.5 ± 3.93.5 ± 4.13.5 ± 4.0

3 further baseline measures are reported on the registry.

08

Study locations

77 sites
  • Birmingham, Alabama, United States
  • Springdale, Arkansas, United States
  • Beverly Hills, California, United States
  • Costa Mesa, California, United States
  • Escondido, California, United States
  • Garden Grove, California, United States
  • Los Angeles, California, United States
  • National City, California, United States
  • Oceanside, California, United States
  • Orange, California, United States
  • Pico Rivera, California, United States
  • Riverside, California, United States
  • San Diego, California, United States
  • Temecula, California, United States
  • Torrance, California, United States
  • Lauderhill, Florida, United States
  • Leesburg, Florida, United States
  • Melbourne, Florida, United States
  • Oakland Park, Florida, United States
  • Atlanta, Georgia, United States
  • Decatur, Georgia, United States
  • Smyrna, Georgia, United States
  • Hoffman Estates, Illinois, United States
  • New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
  • Rockville, Maryland, United States
  • Flowood, Mississippi, United States
  • Saint Charles, Missouri, United States
  • Saint Louis, Missouri, United States
  • Lincoln, Nebraska, United States
  • Cherry Hill, New Jersey, United States
  • Brooklyn, New York, United States
  • Buffalo, New York, United States
  • New York, New York, United States
  • Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
  • Dayton, Ohio, United States
  • Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
  • Allentown, Pennsylvania, United States
  • Jenkintown, Pennsylvania, United States
  • Austin, Texas, United States
  • Dallas, Texas, United States
  • Wichita Falls, Texas, United States
  • Richmond, Virginia, United States
  • Chatham, Ontario, Canada
  • Aizu Wakamatsu, Fukusima, Japan
  • Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
  • Morioka, Iwate, Japan
  • Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
  • Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
  • Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
  • Kashihara, Nara, Japan
  • Sakai-shi, Osaka, Japan
  • Sakai, Osaka, Japan
  • Fukuoka, Japan
  • Itabashi-bu, Japan
  • Kanzaki-gun, Japan
  • Koriyama-shi, Japan
  • Kumamoto, Japan
  • Okinawa, Japan
  • Shinjuku-ku, Japan
  • Tokyo, Japan
  • Tottori, Japan
  • Toyama, Japan
  • Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of
  • Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of
  • Daejeon, Korea, Republic of
  • Jeju-si, Korea, Republic of
  • Seoul, Korea, Republic of
  • Gdynia, Pomorskie, Poland
  • Bydgoszcz, Poland
  • Chelmno, Poland
  • Choroszcz, Poland
  • Targoviste, Dyambovita, Romania
  • Bucharest, Romania
  • Judet Lasi, Romania
  • Keelung City, Taiwan
  • Taipei, Taiwan
  • Taouyuan County, Taiwan
09

References and documents

Publications

  • Calabrese JR, Sanchez R, Jin N, Amatniek J, Cox K, Johnson B, Perry P, Hertel P, Such P, Salzman PM, McQuade RD, Nyilas M, Carson WH. Efficacy and Safety of Aripiprazole Once-Monthly in the Maintenance Treatment of Bipolar I Disorder: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, 52-Week Randomized Withdrawal Study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2017 Mar;78(3):324-331. doi: 10.4088/JCP.16m11201. PubMed 28146613 ↗
10

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Aug 24, 2018, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT01567527
Lead sponsor
Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc.
Collaborators
H. Lundbeck A/S
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Mar 30, 2012
Start date
Aug 2012
Primary completion
Apr 2016
Completion
Apr 2016
Results posted
Aug 24, 2018
Last update
Aug 24, 2018

Study contacts

Stacy Wu, MD
study director · Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development and Commercialization, Inc.

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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