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CompletedNCT01435616IMAGINE 2Updated Apr 13, 2018Results posted

A Study in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

A Phase 3 interventional study of Glargine and LY2605541 in Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, sponsored by Eli Lilly and Company. Completed at 167 sites in 23 countries. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2018-04-13.

Sponsored by Eli Lilly and Company · Phase 3, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Phase 3
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
1,538
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The purpose of this study is:

  • To compare blood sugar control on LY2605541 with insulin glargine after 52 weeks of treatment.
  • To compare the rate of night time low blood sugar episodes on LY2605541 with insulin glargine during 52 weeks of treatment.
  • To compare the number of participants on LY2605541 reaching blood sugar targets without low blood sugar episodes at night to those taking insulin glargine after 52 weeks of treatment.
  • To compare the rate of low blood sugar episodes on LY2605541 with insulin glargine after 52 weeks of treatment
02

Conditions studied

  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Keywords

  • diabetes mellitus
  • type 2 diabetes mellitus
  • insulin naive
  • insulin treatment
03

In context

Diabetes Mellitus

10,925 studies on the registry are indexed under Diabetes Mellitus; 1,319 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 1,538 is above the median of 80 across 8,367 interventional studies indexed under Diabetes Mellitus.

Browse Diabetes Mellitus studies →

Lead sponsor

Eli Lilly and Company is the lead sponsor of 2,048 studies on the registry; 140 are open to participants now.

Of its 521 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 341 (65%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Have type 2 diabetes mellitus, not treated with insulin, for at least 1 year prior to the study
  • Have been receiving at least 2 OAMs for at least 3 months before entering the study
  • Have a hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) value between 7.0% and 11.0%, inclusive, at screening
  • Are capable of and willing to inject insulin with a vial and syringe and perform self blood glucose monitoring
  • Women of childbearing potential only: are not breastfeeding, have a negative pregnancy test at the time of screening and randomization, intend to not become pregnant during the trial, have practiced a reliable method of birth control for at least 6 weeks prior to screening, and agree to use a reliable method of birth control during the study and until 2 weeks following the last dose of study drug

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Have used insulin therapy (outside of pregnancy) anytime in the past 2 years, except for short-term treatment of acute conditions, and up to a maximum of 4 continuous weeks
  • Use of rosiglitazone, pramlintide, or glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist (for example, exenatide, exenatide once weekly, or liraglutide) concurrently or within 3 months prior to screening
  • Are currently taking, or have taken within the 3 months preceding screening, medications to promote weight loss
  • Have had any episodes of severe hypoglycemia within 6 months prior to screening
  • Have had 1 or more episodes of ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar state/coma in the 6 months prior to the study
  • Have cardiac disease with functional status that is New York Heart Association Class III or IV (per New York Heart Association [NYHA] Cardiac Disease Classification)
  • Have a history of renal transplantation, or are currently receiving renal dialysis or have serum creatinine greater or equal than 2 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL)
  • Have obvious clinical signs or symptoms of liver disease (excluding non- alcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD]), acute or chronic hepatitis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), or elevated liver enzyme measurements at screening
  • Have had a blood transfusion or severe blood loss within 3 months prior to screening or have known hemoglobinopathy, hemolytic anemia or sickle cell anemia, or any other traits of hemoglobin abnormalities known to interfere with the measurement of HbA1c
  • Have active or untreated malignancy or have been in remission from clinically significant malignancy for less than 5 years
  • Have fasting or non-fasting triglycerides greater than 400 mg/dL (greater than 4.5 millimoles per liter [mmol/L]) at screening
  • Are using lipid-lowering medication at a dose that has not been stable for 90 days prior to screening
  • Are using niacin preparations as a lipid lowering medication and bile acid sequestrants within 90 days prior to screening
05

Study design

Phase
Phase 3
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Double (Participant, Investigator)
Enrollment
1,538 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    LY2605541

    LY2605541 titrated based on blood glucose readings, administered subcutaneously (SC), once daily in combination with at least 2 pre-study oral antihyperglycemic medications (OAMs) prescribed by the personal physician, for 52 or 78 weeks

    Drug: LY2605541

  • Active comparator
    Glargine

    Glargine titrated based on blood glucose readings, administered SC, once daily in combination with at least 2 pre-study OAMs prescribed by the personal physician, for 52 or 78 weeks

    Drug: Glargine

Interventions

  • DrugGlargine
  • DrugLY2605541
06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Change From Baseline to 52 Week Endpoint in Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)

    HbA1C is a test that measures a person's average blood glucose level over the past 2 to 3 months. Least Squares (LS) means were calculated using a mixed model repeated measures (MMRM) with baseline HbA1c measurement, stratification factors (country, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol \[LDL-C, \< 100 milligrams per deciliter {mg/dL} and ≥ 100 mg/dL\] and sulfonylurea \[SU\]/meglitinide use), visit, treatment, and visit-by-treatment interaction as fixed effects.

    Time frame: Baseline, 52 weeks

Secondary outcomes

  1. Rate of Total and Nocturnal Hypoglycemia Events

    Hypoglycemia is a condition that occurs when a person's blood glucose level is lower than the normal range (less than or equal to 70 milligrams per deciliter \[mg/dL\] or less than 3.9 millimoles per liter \[mmol/L\]). Total hypoglycemia refers to an event that meets the criteria for documented symptomatic hypoglycemia, asymptomatic hypoglycemia, probable symptomatic hypoglycemia, unspecified hypoglycemia, or severe hypoglycemia. Nocturnal hypoglycemia refers to any total hypoglycemic event that occurs between bedtime and waking. Group mean (listed as LS means below) rates of total and nocturnal hypoglycemia were calculated using a negative binomial regression model (number of episodes = treatment + SU/meglitinide use + baseline hypoglycemia event rate, with log \[exposure per 30 days\] as the offset variable in the model).

    Time frame: Baseline to 52 weeks

  2. Percentage of Participants With Hemoglobin A1c Equal or Less Than 6.5% and Less Than 7.0 %

    The percentage of participants was calculated by dividing the number of participants reaching target HbA1c by the total number of participants analyzed, multiplied by 100.

    Time frame: 52 weeks

  3. Fasting Serum Glucose (By Laboratory Measurement)

    LS means were calculated using a MMRM with baseline fasting serum glucose measurement, stratification factors (country, HbA1c, LDL-C \[\< 100 mg/dL and ≥ 100 mg/dL\], and SU/meglitinide use), treatment, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects.

    Time frame: 52 weeks

  4. Fasting Blood Glucose (By Participant Self-monitored Blood Glucose Readings)

    LS means were calculated using a MMRM with baseline fasting blood glucose measurement, stratification factors (country, HbA1c, LDL-C \[\< 100 mg/dL and ≥ 100 mg/dL\], and SU/meglitinide use), treatment, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects.

    Time frame: 52 weeks

  5. 6 Point Self-monitored Blood Glucose (SMBG)

    Six-point SMBG profiles were obtained at pre-morning meal (fasting), pre-midday meal (lunch), pre-evening meal (dinner), bedtime, approximately 0300 hours, and pre-morning meal (fasting) the next day. Six-point SMBG profiles were obtained over 2 nonconsecutive days within the week prior to the next office visit. LS means were calculated using a MMRM with baseline blood glucose measurement, stratification factors (country, HbA1c, LDL-C \[\< 100 mg/dL and ≥ 100 mg/dL\], and SU/meglitinide use), treatment, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects.

    Time frame: 52 weeks

  6. Change From Baseline to 52 Weeks in Body Weight

    LS means were calculated using a MMRM with baseline body weight measurement, stratification factors (country, HbA1c, LDL-C \[\< 100 mg/dL and ≥ 100 mg/dL\], and SU/meglitinide use), treatment, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects.

    Time frame: Baseline, 52 weeks

  7. Hemoglobin A1c

    HbA1c is a test that measures a person's average blood glucose level over the past 2 to 3 months. LS means were calculated using a MMRM with baseline HbA1C measurement, stratification factors (country, HbA1c, LDL-C \[\< 100 mg/dL and ≥ 100 mg/dL\], and SU/meglitinide use), treatment, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects.

    Time frame: 52 weeks

  8. Insulin Dose Per Body Weight

    LS means were calculated using a MMRM with baseline insulin dose measurement, stratification factors (country, HbA1c, LDL-C \[\< 100 mg/dL and ≥ 100 mg/dL\], and SU/meglitinide use), treatment, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects.

    Time frame: 52 weeks

  9. Number of Insulin Dose Adjustments to Steady-State

    Insulin doses were adjusted according to an algorithm (adapted from Riddle et al. 2003) during the first 26 weeks of the study and thereafter according to investigator judgment. Steady-state was defined as the first local maximum dose (maximum of moving 4-week interval) of LY2605541 or glargine within the window of +/- 2 weeks. The number of dose adjustments to steady-state was the total number of dose changes until steady-state was reached. LS means were calculated using a MMRM with baseline insulin dose measurement, stratification factors (country, HbA1c, LDL-C \[\< 100 mg/dL and ≥ 100 mg/dL\], and SU/meglitinide use), treatment, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects.

    Time frame: Baseline to 52 weeks

  10. European Quality of Life-5 Dimension (EQ-5D)

    The EQ-5D is a generic, multidimensional, health-related, quality-of-life instrument. The profile allows participants to rate their health state in 5 health domains (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression) using a 3-level scale of 1 to 3 (no problem, some problems, and extreme problems). These combinations of attributes are converted into a weighted health-state Index Score according to the United States population-based algorithm. Scores range from -0.11 to 1.0, where a score of 1.0 indicates perfect health. LS means were calculated using a MMRM with baseline stratification factors (country, HbA1c, and SU/meglitinide use), treatment, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects.

    Time frame: 52 weeks

  11. Insulin Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire

    The Insulin Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (ITSQ) is a validated instrument containing 22 items that assess treatment satisfaction for participants with diabetes who are receiving insulin. The questionnaire measures satisfaction from the following 5 domains: inconvenience of regimen, lifestyle flexibility, glycemic control, hypoglycemic control, and insulin delivery device. Data presented are the transformed total score on a scale of 0 to 100, where higher scores indicate better treatment satisfaction. LS means were calculated using a MMRM with stratification factors (country, HbA1c, and SU/meglitinide use), treatment, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects.

    Time frame: Up to 52 weeks

  12. Adult Low Blood Sugar Survey

    The adult Low Blood Sugar Survey (LBSS) is a validated, participant-reported 33-item questionnaire with items rated on a 5-point Likert scale, where 0 = never and 4 = always. The LBSS measures behaviors to avoid hypoglycemia and its negative consequences (15 items) and worries about hypoglycemia and its negative consequences (18 items). Total score is the sum of all items (range of 0 to 132). Higher total scores reflect greater fear of hypoglycemia. LS means were calculated using an analysis of covariance model (ANCOVA) with baseline LBSS score, stratification factors (country, HbA1c, and SU/meglitinide use), and treatment as fixed effects.

    Time frame: Up to 52 weeks

  13. Change From Baseline to 52 Weeks in Triglycerides, Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C), and High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C)

    LS means were calculated using a MMRM with baseline lipid measurement, stratification factors (country, HbA1c, LDL-C \[\< 100 mg/dL and ≥ 100 mg/dL\], and SU/meglitinide use), treatment, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects.

    Time frame: Baseline, 52 weeks

  14. Percentage of Participants With Equal or Above 2-, and 3-fold Upper Limits of Normal (ULN) for Total Bilirubin

    Time frame: Up to 52 weeks

  15. Overall Treatment-Emergent Anti-LY2065541 Antibody Response (TEAR)

    The percentage of participants with a TEAR is summarized. TEAR is defined as a change in the anti-LY2605541 antibody level from undetectable at baseline to detectable at baseline, or, for those participants with detectable antibodies at baseline, change to a value with at least a 130% relative increase from baseline. Overall TEAR is defined as one or more TEAR during the specified period.

    Time frame: Baseline to 78 weeks

  16. Intra-participant Variability of the Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG)

    Intra-participant variability of FBG, which was measured by SMBG, was assessed by the standard deviation of the FBG measurement at the Week 52 visit. LS means were calculated using a MMRM with baseline fasting blood glucose measurement, stratification factors (country, HbA1c, LDL-C \[\< 100 mg/dL and ≥ 100 mg/dL\], and SU/meglitinide use), treatment, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects.

    Time frame: 52 weeks

  17. Percentage of Participants With Total and Nocturnal Hypoglycemic Events

    A hypoglycemic event is defined by a blood glucose value ≤70 mg/dL (3.9mmol/L). Total hypoglycemic events include documented symptomatic hypoglycemia, asymptomatic hypoglycemia, probable symptomatic hypoglycemia, unspecified hypoglycemia, or severe hypoglycemia. Nocturnal hypoglycemic events refer to any total hypoglycemic event that occurs between bedtime and waking. The percentage of participants was calculated by dividing the number of participants with hypoglycemic or nocturnal hypoglycemic events by the total number of participants analyzed, multiplied by 100.

    Time frame: Baseline to 52 weeks

  18. Percentage of Participants With HbA1C Equal or Less Than 6.5% and Less Than 7.0 % and Without Nocturnal Hypoglycemia

    The percentage of participants with HbA1C ≤ 6.5% or \< 7.0% without nocturnal hypoglycemia is presented. Percentage was calculated by dividing the number of participants with the indicated HbA1c values over the total number of participants and multiplying by 100.

    Time frame: Up to 52 weeks

  19. Percentage of Participants With Equal or Above 2- and 3-fold ULN for Alanine Transaminase/Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (ALT/SGPT) and Aspartate Transaminase/Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (AST/SGOT)

    The percentage of participants was calculated by dividing the number of participants equal or above 2- or 3-fold ULN for ALT/SGPT or AST/SGOT by the total number of participants analyzed, multiplied by 100.

    Time frame: Up to 52 weeks

07

Results

Posted Apr 13, 2018

Participant flow

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneLY2605541Glargine
Started1003535
Received at least 1 dose of study drug1003535
Completed832455
Not completed17180
Withdrew: Adverse event3921
Withdrew: Death72
Withdrew: Lost to follow-up2213
Withdrew: Protocol violation1613
Withdrew: Withdrawal by subject6624
Withdrew: Physician decision207
Withdrew: Sponsor decision10

Outcome measures

PrimaryChange From Baseline to 52 Week Endpoint in Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)

HbA1C is a test that measures a person's average blood glucose level over the past 2 to 3 months. Least Squares (LS) means were calculated using a mixed model repeated measures (MMRM) with baseline HbA1c measurement, stratification factors (country, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol \[LDL-C, \< 100 milligrams per deciliter {mg/dL} and ≥ 100 mg/dL\] and sulfonylurea \[SU\]/meglitinide use), visit, treatment, and visit-by-treatment interaction as fixed effects.

Time frame:
Baseline, 52 weeks
Reported as:
Least squares mean · percentage of HbA1c
Change From Baseline to 52 Week Endpoint in Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)
percentage of HbA1cLY2605541Glargine
Change From Baseline to 52 Week Endpoint in Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)-1.55 ± 0.03-1.25 ± 0.04
SecondaryRate of Total and Nocturnal Hypoglycemia Events

Hypoglycemia is a condition that occurs when a person's blood glucose level is lower than the normal range (less than or equal to 70 milligrams per deciliter \[mg/dL\] or less than 3.9 millimoles per liter \[mmol/L\]). Total hypoglycemia refers to an event that meets the criteria for documented symptomatic hypoglycemia, asymptomatic hypoglycemia, probable symptomatic hypoglycemia, unspecified hypoglycemia, or severe hypoglycemia. Nocturnal hypoglycemia refers to any total hypoglycemic event that occurs between bedtime and waking. Group mean (listed as LS means below) rates of total and nocturnal hypoglycemia were calculated using a negative binomial regression model (number of episodes = treatment + SU/meglitinide use + baseline hypoglycemia event rate, with log \[exposure per 30 days\] as the offset variable in the model).

Time frame:
Baseline to 52 weeks
Reported as:
Least squares mean · episodes/participant/30 days
Rate of Total and Nocturnal Hypoglycemia Events
episodes/participant/30 daysLY2605541Glargine
Rate of total hypoglycemia events1.16 ± 0.061.21 ± 0.07
Rate of nocturnal hypoglycemia events0.30 ± 0.020.40 ± 0.03
SecondaryPercentage of Participants With Hemoglobin A1c Equal or Less Than 6.5% and Less Than 7.0 %

The percentage of participants was calculated by dividing the number of participants reaching target HbA1c by the total number of participants analyzed, multiplied by 100.

Time frame:
52 weeks
Reported as:
Number · percentage of participants
Percentage of Participants With Hemoglobin A1c Equal or Less Than 6.5% and Less Than 7.0 %
percentage of participantsLY2605541Glargine
HbA1c ≤ 6.5%36.123.9
HbA1c < 7.0%57.642.8
SecondaryFasting Serum Glucose (By Laboratory Measurement)

LS means were calculated using a MMRM with baseline fasting serum glucose measurement, stratification factors (country, HbA1c, LDL-C \[\< 100 mg/dL and ≥ 100 mg/dL\], and SU/meglitinide use), treatment, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects.

Time frame:
52 weeks
Reported as:
Least squares mean · mg/dL
Fasting Serum Glucose (By Laboratory Measurement)
mg/dLLY2605541Glargine
Fasting Serum Glucose (By Laboratory Measurement)114.93 ± 1.24120.13 ± 1.70
SecondaryFasting Blood Glucose (By Participant Self-monitored Blood Glucose Readings)

LS means were calculated using a MMRM with baseline fasting blood glucose measurement, stratification factors (country, HbA1c, LDL-C \[\< 100 mg/dL and ≥ 100 mg/dL\], and SU/meglitinide use), treatment, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects.

Time frame:
52 weeks
Reported as:
Least squares mean · mg/dL
Fasting Blood Glucose (By Participant Self-monitored Blood Glucose Readings)
mg/dLLY2605541Glargine
Fasting Blood Glucose (By Participant Self-monitored Blood Glucose Readings)112.57 ± 0.82112.00 ± 1.12
Secondary6 Point Self-monitored Blood Glucose (SMBG)

Six-point SMBG profiles were obtained at pre-morning meal (fasting), pre-midday meal (lunch), pre-evening meal (dinner), bedtime, approximately 0300 hours, and pre-morning meal (fasting) the next day. Six-point SMBG profiles were obtained over 2 nonconsecutive days within the week prior to the next office visit. LS means were calculated using a MMRM with baseline blood glucose measurement, stratification factors (country, HbA1c, LDL-C \[\< 100 mg/dL and ≥ 100 mg/dL\], and SU/meglitinide use), treatment, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects.

Time frame:
52 weeks
Reported as:
Least squares mean · mg/dL
6 Point Self-monitored Blood Glucose (SMBG)
mg/dLLY2605541Glargine
Pre-morning meal112.81 ± 0.96112.26 ± 1.31
Pre-midday meal127.65 ± 1.36134.52 ± 1.86
Pre-evening meal133.94 ± 1.40142.58 ± 1.91
Bedtime151.37 ± 1.54155.19 ± 2.10
0300 hours120.35 ± 1.21118.37 ± 1.67
Pre-morning meal (next day)111.11 ± 0.89109.19 ± 1.23
SecondaryChange From Baseline to 52 Weeks in Body Weight

LS means were calculated using a MMRM with baseline body weight measurement, stratification factors (country, HbA1c, LDL-C \[\< 100 mg/dL and ≥ 100 mg/dL\], and SU/meglitinide use), treatment, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects.

Time frame:
Baseline, 52 weeks
Reported as:
Least squares mean · kilograms (kg)
Change From Baseline to 52 Weeks in Body Weight
kilograms (kg)LY2605541Glargine
Change From Baseline to 52 Weeks in Body Weight2.06 ± 0.152.57 ± 0.21
SecondaryHemoglobin A1c

HbA1c is a test that measures a person's average blood glucose level over the past 2 to 3 months. LS means were calculated using a MMRM with baseline HbA1C measurement, stratification factors (country, HbA1c, LDL-C \[\< 100 mg/dL and ≥ 100 mg/dL\], and SU/meglitinide use), treatment, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects.

Time frame:
52 weeks
Reported as:
Least squares mean · percentage of HbA1c
Hemoglobin A1c
percentage of HbA1cLY2605541Glargine
Hemoglobin A1c6.91 ± 0.037.21 ± 0.04
SecondaryInsulin Dose Per Body Weight

LS means were calculated using a MMRM with baseline insulin dose measurement, stratification factors (country, HbA1c, LDL-C \[\< 100 mg/dL and ≥ 100 mg/dL\], and SU/meglitinide use), treatment, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects.

Time frame:
52 weeks
Reported as:
Least squares mean · units of insulin/kg body weight
Insulin Dose Per Body Weight
units of insulin/kg body weightLY2605541Glargine
Insulin Dose Per Body Weight0.45 ± 0.010.42 ± 0.01
SecondaryNumber of Insulin Dose Adjustments to Steady-State

Insulin doses were adjusted according to an algorithm (adapted from Riddle et al. 2003) during the first 26 weeks of the study and thereafter according to investigator judgment. Steady-state was defined as the first local maximum dose (maximum of moving 4-week interval) of LY2605541 or glargine within the window of +/- 2 weeks. The number of dose adjustments to steady-state was the total number of dose changes until steady-state was reached. LS means were calculated using a MMRM with baseline insulin dose measurement, stratification factors (country, HbA1c, LDL-C \[\< 100 mg/dL and ≥ 100 mg/dL\], and SU/meglitinide use), treatment, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects.

Time frame:
Baseline to 52 weeks
Reported as:
Least squares mean · number of insulin dose adjustments
Number of Insulin Dose Adjustments to Steady-State
number of insulin dose adjustmentsLY2605541Glargine
Number of Insulin Dose Adjustments to Steady-State5.83 ± 0.125.25 ± 0.16
SecondaryEuropean Quality of Life-5 Dimension (EQ-5D)

The EQ-5D is a generic, multidimensional, health-related, quality-of-life instrument. The profile allows participants to rate their health state in 5 health domains (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression) using a 3-level scale of 1 to 3 (no problem, some problems, and extreme problems). These combinations of attributes are converted into a weighted health-state Index Score according to the United States population-based algorithm. Scores range from -0.11 to 1.0, where a score of 1.0 indicates perfect health. LS means were calculated using a MMRM with baseline stratification factors (country, HbA1c, and SU/meglitinide use), treatment, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects.

Time frame:
52 weeks
Reported as:
Least squares mean · units on a scale
European Quality of Life-5 Dimension (EQ-5D)
units on a scaleLY2605541Glargine
European Quality of Life-5 Dimension (EQ-5D)0.88 ± 0.000.88 ± 0.01
SecondaryInsulin Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire

The Insulin Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (ITSQ) is a validated instrument containing 22 items that assess treatment satisfaction for participants with diabetes who are receiving insulin. The questionnaire measures satisfaction from the following 5 domains: inconvenience of regimen, lifestyle flexibility, glycemic control, hypoglycemic control, and insulin delivery device. Data presented are the transformed total score on a scale of 0 to 100, where higher scores indicate better treatment satisfaction. LS means were calculated using a MMRM with stratification factors (country, HbA1c, and SU/meglitinide use), treatment, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects.

Time frame:
Up to 52 weeks
Reported as:
Least squares mean · units on a scale
Insulin Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire
units on a scaleLY2605541Glargine
Insulin Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire84.73 ± 0.4485.04 ± 0.60
SecondaryAdult Low Blood Sugar Survey

The adult Low Blood Sugar Survey (LBSS) is a validated, participant-reported 33-item questionnaire with items rated on a 5-point Likert scale, where 0 = never and 4 = always. The LBSS measures behaviors to avoid hypoglycemia and its negative consequences (15 items) and worries about hypoglycemia and its negative consequences (18 items). Total score is the sum of all items (range of 0 to 132). Higher total scores reflect greater fear of hypoglycemia. LS means were calculated using an analysis of covariance model (ANCOVA) with baseline LBSS score, stratification factors (country, HbA1c, and SU/meglitinide use), and treatment as fixed effects.

Time frame:
Up to 52 weeks
Reported as:
Least squares mean · units on a scale
Adult Low Blood Sugar Survey
units on a scaleLY2605541Glargine
Adult Low Blood Sugar Survey15.09 ± 0.4914.59 ± 0.67
SecondaryChange From Baseline to 52 Weeks in Triglycerides, Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C), and High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C)

LS means were calculated using a MMRM with baseline lipid measurement, stratification factors (country, HbA1c, LDL-C \[\< 100 mg/dL and ≥ 100 mg/dL\], and SU/meglitinide use), treatment, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects.

Time frame:
Baseline, 52 weeks
Reported as:
Least squares mean · milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL)
Change From Baseline to 52 Weeks in Triglycerides, Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C), and High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C)
milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL)LY2605541Glargine
Triglycerides10.60 ± 2.46-7.33 ± 3.38
LDL-C1.44 ± 0.831.76 ± 1.14
HDL-C-1.91 ± 0.21-1.82 ± 0.29
SecondaryPercentage of Participants With Equal or Above 2-, and 3-fold Upper Limits of Normal (ULN) for Total Bilirubin
Time frame:
Up to 52 weeks
Reported as:
Number · percentage of participants
Percentage of Participants With Equal or Above 2-, and 3-fold Upper Limits of Normal (ULN) for Total Bilirubin
percentage of participantsLY2605541Glargine
≥2-fold ULN0.20.0
≥3-fold ULN0.10.0
SecondaryOverall Treatment-Emergent Anti-LY2065541 Antibody Response (TEAR)

The percentage of participants with a TEAR is summarized. TEAR is defined as a change in the anti-LY2605541 antibody level from undetectable at baseline to detectable at baseline, or, for those participants with detectable antibodies at baseline, change to a value with at least a 130% relative increase from baseline. Overall TEAR is defined as one or more TEAR during the specified period.

Time frame:
Baseline to 78 weeks
Reported as:
Number · percentage of participants
Overall Treatment-Emergent Anti-LY2065541 Antibody Response (TEAR)
percentage of participantsLY2605541Glargine
Overall Treatment-Emergent Anti-LY2065541 Antibody Response (TEAR)43.037.8
SecondaryIntra-participant Variability of the Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG)

Intra-participant variability of FBG, which was measured by SMBG, was assessed by the standard deviation of the FBG measurement at the Week 52 visit. LS means were calculated using a MMRM with baseline fasting blood glucose measurement, stratification factors (country, HbA1c, LDL-C \[\< 100 mg/dL and ≥ 100 mg/dL\], and SU/meglitinide use), treatment, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects.

Time frame:
52 weeks
Reported as:
Least squares mean · mg/dL
Intra-participant Variability of the Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG)
mg/dLLY2605541Glargine
Intra-participant Variability of the Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG)15.56 ± 0.3817.08 ± 0.52
SecondaryPercentage of Participants With Total and Nocturnal Hypoglycemic Events

A hypoglycemic event is defined by a blood glucose value ≤70 mg/dL (3.9mmol/L). Total hypoglycemic events include documented symptomatic hypoglycemia, asymptomatic hypoglycemia, probable symptomatic hypoglycemia, unspecified hypoglycemia, or severe hypoglycemia. Nocturnal hypoglycemic events refer to any total hypoglycemic event that occurs between bedtime and waking. The percentage of participants was calculated by dividing the number of participants with hypoglycemic or nocturnal hypoglycemic events by the total number of participants analyzed, multiplied by 100.

Time frame:
Baseline to 52 weeks
Reported as:
Number · percentage of participants
Percentage of Participants With Total and Nocturnal Hypoglycemic Events
percentage of participantsLY2605541Glargine
Total hypoglycemic events77.079.8
Nocturnal hypoglycemic events48.959.8
SecondaryPercentage of Participants With HbA1C Equal or Less Than 6.5% and Less Than 7.0 % and Without Nocturnal Hypoglycemia

The percentage of participants with HbA1C ≤ 6.5% or \< 7.0% without nocturnal hypoglycemia is presented. Percentage was calculated by dividing the number of participants with the indicated HbA1c values over the total number of participants and multiplying by 100.

Time frame:
Up to 52 weeks
Reported as:
Number · percentage of participants
Percentage of Participants With HbA1C Equal or Less Than 6.5% and Less Than 7.0 % and Without Nocturnal Hypoglycemia
percentage of participantsLY2605541Glargine
HbA1c ≤ 6.5%17.58.6
HbA1c < 7.0%26.215.3
SecondaryPercentage of Participants With Equal or Above 2- and 3-fold ULN for Alanine Transaminase/Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (ALT/SGPT) and Aspartate Transaminase/Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (AST/SGOT)

The percentage of participants was calculated by dividing the number of participants equal or above 2- or 3-fold ULN for ALT/SGPT or AST/SGOT by the total number of participants analyzed, multiplied by 100.

Time frame:
Up to 52 weeks
Reported as:
Number · percentage of participants
Percentage of Participants With Equal or Above 2- and 3-fold ULN for Alanine Transaminase/Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (ALT/SGPT) and Aspartate Transaminase/Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (AST/SGOT)
percentage of participantsLY2605541Glargine
≥2-fold ULN for ALT6.54.0
≥3-fold ULN for ALT1.90.6
≥2-fold ULN for AST3.61.5
≥3-fold ULN for AST1.00.4

Adverse events

Non-serious events are listed at a 3% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
LY2605541—105/1,003 (10.5%)733/1,003 (73.1%)
Glargine—73/535 (13.6%)390/535 (72.9%)
Most frequent serious events
Showing 10 of 166
Most frequent serious events
EventLY2605541Glargine
Coronary artery diseaseCardiac disorders3/10035/535
PneumoniaInfections and infestations3/10034/535
HypoglycaemiaMetabolism and nutrition disorders7/10034/535
Prostate cancerNeoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)2/5502/308
Angina unstableCardiac disorders1/10033/535
Myocardial infarctionCardiac disorders5/10033/535
Transient ischaemic attackNervous system disorders2/10033/535
Atrial fibrillationCardiac disorders5/10030/535
Chest painGeneral disorders5/10030/535
CellulitisInfections and infestations5/10030/535
Most frequent other events
Showing 10 of 19
Most frequent other events
EventLY2605541Glargine
NasopharyngitisInfections and infestations141/100382/535
HeadacheNervous system disorders85/100337/535
Upper respiratory tract infectionInfections and infestations83/100333/535
DiarrhoeaGastrointestinal disorders57/100338/535
Back painMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders70/100336/535
InfluenzaInfections and infestations59/100328/535
BronchitisInfections and infestations52/100324/535
ArthralgiaMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders52/100320/535
Urinary tract infectionInfections and infestations47/100322/535
Pain in extremityMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders42/100325/535

Baseline characteristics

All randomized participants.

Age, Continuous
Age, Continuous(years)LY2605541GlargineTotal
Mean58.80 ± 9.8559.35 ± 9.8058.99 ± 9.84
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)LY2605541GlargineTotal
Female453227680
Male550308858
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)(Participants)LY2605541GlargineTotal
Hispanic or Latino20196297
Not Hispanic or Latino6483551003
Unknown or Not Reported15484238
Race (NIH/OMB)
Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants)LY2605541GlargineTotal
American Indian or Alaska Native241539
Asian251237
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander325
Black or African American6834102
White8754691344
More than one race8311
Unknown or Not Reported000
Region of Enrollment
Region of Enrollment(Participants)LY2605541GlargineTotal
United States371188559
Slovakia121022
Greece181230
Finland6713
Spain351853
Turkey7411
Lithuania8412
Israel16824
Russia321850
Italy241337
United Kingdom12517
Hungary6933102
Mexico241640
Puerto Rico391958
Canada161127
Argentina6734101
Brazil201030
Poland673299
Romania402262
Australia271845
South Africa11415
Germany633699
New Zealand10919
Czechia9413
08

Study locations

167 sites
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    Anniston, Alabama 36207, United States
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    Mobile, Alabama 36608, United States
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    Chandler, Arizona 85224, United States
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    Mesa, Arizona 85206, United States
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    Tempe, Arizona 85283, United States
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    Tucson, Arizona 85704, United States
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    Concord, California 94520, United States
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    Escondido, California 92026, United States
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    Fresno, California 93720, United States
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    Greenbrae, California 94904, United States
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    Huntington Beach, California 92648, United States
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    Lancaster, California 93534, United States
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    Los Angeles, California 90057, United States
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    Mission Viejo, California 92691, United States
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    Northridge, California 91324, United States
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    Palm Springs, California 92262, United States
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    San Mateo, California 94401, United States
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    Tustin, California 92780, United States
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    Denver, Colorado 80246, United States
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    Daytona Beach, Florida 32117, United States
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    Jacksonville, Florida 32258, United States
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    Tampa, Florida 33619, United States
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    Winter Haven, Florida 33880, United States
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    Athens, Georgia 30606, United States
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    Atlanta, Georgia 30338, United States
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    Decatur, Georgia 30033, United States
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    Honolulu, Hawaii 96814, United States
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    Idaho Falls, Idaho 83404, United States
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    Meridian, Idaho 83646, United States
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    Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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    Springfield, Illinois 62704, United States
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    West Des Moines, Iowa 50266, United States
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    Topeka, Kansas 66606, United States
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    Shreveport, Louisiana 71103, United States
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    Bangor, Maine 04401, United States
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    Haverhill, Massachusetts 01830, United States
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    Saint Louis, Missouri 63141, United States
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    Billings, Montana 59102, United States
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    Nashua, New Hampshire 03063, United States
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    Toms River, New Jersey 08753, United States
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    Cincinnati, Ohio 45236, United States
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    Gallipolis, Ohio 45631, United States
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    Perrysburg, Ohio 43551, United States
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    Corvallis, Oregon 97330, United States
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    Springfield, Oregon 97477, United States
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    Beaver, Pennsylvania 15009, United States
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    Downingtown, Pennsylvania 19335, United States
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    Lansdale, Pennsylvania 19446, United States
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    Levittown, Pennsylvania 19056, United States
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    Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, United States
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    Pottstown, Pennsylvania 19464, United States
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    Greer, South Carolina 29651, United States
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    Myrtle Beach, South Carolina 29572, United States
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    Bristol, Tennessee 37620, United States
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    Knoxville, Tennessee 37912, United States
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    Memphis, Tennessee 38119, United States
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    Spring Hill, Tennessee 37174, United States
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    Austin, Texas 78758, United States
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    Marshall, Texas 75670, United States
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    Sugar Land, Texas 77478, United States
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    Bountiful, Utah 84010, United States
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    Clinton, Utah 84015, United States
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    Ogden, Utah 84403, United States
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    Olympia, Washington 98502, United States
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    Port Orchard, Washington 98366, United States
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    Spokane, Washington 99220, United States
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    Buenos Aires, C1188AAF, Argentina
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    Caba, 2000, Argentina
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    Córdoba, X5000BNB, Argentina
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    Mar Del Plata, B7600GNY, Argentina
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    Merewether, New South Wales 2291, Australia
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    Keswick, South Australia 5035, Australia
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    Box Hill, Victoria 3128, Australia
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    Fremantle, Western Australia 6160, Australia
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    Marilia, 17519-000, Brazil
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    Rio De Janeiro, 22271-100, Brazil
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    Setor Oeste/Goiania, 74100-120, Brazil
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    São Paulo, 04266-010, Brazil
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    Edmonton, Alberta T5J 3N4, Canada
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    Kelowna, British Columbia V1Y 1Z9, Canada
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    Victoria, British Columbia V8V 3N7, Canada
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    Winnipeg, Manitoba R3P 3P4, Canada
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    Etobicoke, Ontario M9R 4E1, Canada
  • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
    Markham, Ontario L6B 0P9, Canada
  • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
    Toronto, Ontario M9W 4L6, Canada
  • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
    Laval, Quebec H7T 2P5, Canada
  • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
    Pointe-Claire, Quebec H9R 4S3, Canada
  • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
    Sherbrooke, Quebec J1G 5K2, Canada
  • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
    Oulu, 90100, Finland
  • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
    Seinajoki, 60220, Finland
  • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
    Dippoldiswalde, 01744, Germany
  • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
    Dresden, 01307, Germany
  • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
    Friedrichsthal, 66299, Germany
  • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
    Furth Im Wald, 93437, Germany
  • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
    Goch, 47574, Germany
  • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
    Hamburg, D-22587, Germany
  • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
    Ludwigshafen, 67059, Germany
  • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
    Münster, 48143, Germany
  • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
    Saarbrücken, 66121, Germany
  • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
    Schweinfurt, 97421, Germany

Showing the first 100 of 167 sites across 23 countries.

09

References and documents

Publications

  • Sanyal A, Cusi K, Hartman ML, Zhang S, Bastyr EJ 3rd, Bue-Valleskey JM, Chang AM, Haupt A, Jacober SJ, Konrad RJ, Zhang Q, Hoogwerf BJ. Cytokeratin-18 and enhanced liver fibrosis scores in type 1 and type 2 diabetes and effects of two different insulins. J Investig Med. 2018 Mar;66(3):661-668. doi: 10.1136/jim-2017-000609. Epub 2017 Nov 21. PubMed 29167192 ↗
  • Orchard TJ, Cariou B, Connelly MA, Otvos JD, Zhang S, Antalis CJ, Ivanyi T, Hoogwerf BJ. The effects of basal insulin peglispro vs. insulin glargine on lipoprotein particles by NMR and liver fat content by MRI in patients with diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2017 Jun 6;16(1):73. doi: 10.1186/s12933-017-0555-1. PubMed 28587667 ↗
  • Cusi K, Sanyal AJ, Zhang S, Hartman ML, Bue-Valleskey JM, Hoogwerf BJ, Haupt A. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) prevalence and its metabolic associations in patients with type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2017 Nov;19(11):1630-1634. doi: 10.1111/dom.12973. Epub 2017 Jun 22. PubMed 28417532 ↗
10

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Apr 13, 2018, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT01435616
Lead sponsor
Eli Lilly and Company
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Sep 16, 2011
Start date
Nov 2011
Primary completion
Jan 2014
Completion
Jan 2014
Results posted
Apr 13, 2018
Last update
Apr 13, 2018

Study contacts

Call 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559) or 1-317-615-4559 Mon - Fri 9AM - 5 PM Eastern time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST)
study director · Eli Lilly and Company

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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