CClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT00992719Updated Aug 7, 2013Results posted

Novartis H1N1 Vaccine in Pregnant Women

A Phase 2 interventional study of Inactivated H1N1 Vaccine in Influenza, sponsored by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). Completed at 6 sites in United States. Open to female participants aged 18 Years to 39 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2013-08-07.

Sponsored by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) · Phase 2, Interventional, and Prevention

Phase
Phase 2
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
84
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 39 Years
Sex
Female
01

Study summary

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety of a 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccine in pregnant women and to determine how their body reacts to different strengths of the vaccine. Two strengths of the H1N1 influenza vaccine will be tested. Since it is not known if the response to the vaccine in pregnant women is the same or different than in non-pregnant women, the study also includes a group of women who are not pregnant for comparison. Participants include 200 pregnant women and 100 non-pregnant women ages 18-39. Study procedures include physical exams, several blood samples and maintaining a memory aid to document daily temperature and side effects for 8 days following vaccination. Participants will be involved in study related procedures for about 6 months.

Read the detailed description

Recently, a novel swine-origin influenza A/H1N1 virus was identified as a significant cause of febrile respiratory illnesses in Mexico and the United States. It rapidly spread to many countries around the world, prompting the World Health Organization to declare a pandemic on June 11, 2009. Pregnant women are at an increased risk for serious consequences of influenza infection. A 15 microgram (mcg) dose of unadjuvanted inactivated H1N1 vaccine is recommended for healthy adults and recent preliminary data indicates this dose is likely to be protective for pregnant women. However, a higher dose of an unadjuvanted, inactivated influenza H1N1 vaccine may be necessary to confer optimal protection to this at risk population. This protocol will explore the antibody response following vaccination of pregnant women at 2 different dose levels (15 mcg and 30 mcg) and a non-pregnant control group receiving a 15 mcg dose. Antibody responses will be assessed at 21 days and 180 days post vaccination. For pregnant women, maternal and cord blood will be collected to determine the level of H1N1 antibodies transferred to the baby. An optimal immune response in pregnant women would impact transplacental transport of protective antibodies which is important since vaccines are not available for infants younger than six months, another at risk population for severe H1N1 disease. Sustained immunity for at least 6 months post-vaccination would impart benefit not only to the woman herself but also decrease a primary exposure risk (infected mother) for the newborn infant. Furthermore, a systematic evaluation of the kinetics of maternally transferred antibodies to 2009 H1N1 influenza virus will help improve and develop strategies to protect infants from influenza. This is an open label, Phase II study in pregnant and non-pregnant women, aged 18-39 years old designed to investigate the safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity of an inactivated influenza H1N1 virus vaccine. Pregnant women will be randomized into 2 groups (100 per dose group) to receive intramuscular (IM) inactivated influenza H1N1 vaccine at 15 mcg (Group 1) or 30 mcg (Group 2). A non-pregnant control group of 100 subjects will receive IM inactivated influenza H1N1 vaccine at 15 mcg (Group 3). Following immunization, safety will be measured by assessment of adverse events (AEs) through 21 days post vaccination (serious AEs and new-onset chronic medical conditions monthly through 6 months post vaccination (Day 180). Reactogenicity to the vaccine will be assessed for 8 days following vaccination (Day 0-7). Immunogenicity testing will include hemagglutination inhibition assay (HAI) and neutralizing antibody testing on serum obtained on Days 0, 21, and 180. For the pregnant groups, HAI antibody testing will also be performed on serum from the participant at delivery, on serum from cord blood collected at delivery and, when possible, on serum samples collected from the participant at day 180 and from the infant at 6 weeks, four months, or six months after delivery. The primary safety objective is to assess the safety of unadjuvanted, inactivated H1N1 influenza vaccine in pregnant women when administered at the 15 mcg or 30 mcg dose. The primary immunogenicity objective is to assess the antibody response to unadjuvanted, inactivated H1N1 influenza vaccine in pregnant women when administered at the 15 mcg or 30 mcg dose. The secondary objective for pregnant women is to assess the efficiency of placental transport of maternal influenza antigen specific antibodies to the neonate.

02

Conditions studied

  • Influenza

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Keywords

  • H1N1, influenza A viruses, vaccine, pregnant women
03

In context

Influenza, Human

2,214 studies on the registry are indexed under Influenza, Human; 163 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 84 is below the median of 238 across 1,853 interventional studies indexed under Influenza, Human.

Browse Influenza, Human studies →

Lead sponsor

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) is the lead sponsor of 2,401 studies on the registry; 179 are open to participants now.

Of its 396 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 294 (74%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 39 Years
Sexes eligible
Female
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Inclusion criteria

Pregnant women:

  • Pregnant female between the ages of 18 and 39 years, inclusive.
  • Is from 14 weeks/0 days through 33 weeks/6 days of gestation.
  • Had at least one prenatal visit during which pregnancy was confirmed.
  • Is in good health, as determined by vital signs (heart rate less than or equal to 100 beats per minute; blood pressure: systolic less than or equal to 140 mm Hg; diastolic less than or equal to 90 mm Hg; oral temperature less than or equal to 100 degrees Fahrenheit), medical history to ensure any existing medical diagnoses or conditions are stable and not considered clinically significant, and targeted physical examination based on medical history.
  • Receipt of the 2009-2010 seasonal influenza vaccine no less than two weeks prior to enrollment in this study.
  • Intend to be available through 6 months following receipt of H1N1 vaccine.
  • Able to understand and comply with planned study procedures.
  • Provides written informed consent prior to initiation of any study procedures.
  • Agrees to sign medical release for herself and her infant(s) to allow study staff to gather pregnancy outcome data, if needed per clinical site policy.

Non-pregnant women:

  • Female between the ages of 18-39 years, inclusive.
  • For the 30 days prior to enrollment through 30 days following receipt of H1N1 vaccine must fulfill one of the following: (i) she is not able to bear children because she has been surgically sterilized (tubal ligation or hysterectomy) for at least one year or is at least 1 year post-menopausal or (ii) she agrees to practice effective methods of contraception including, but not limited to, abstinence, barrier methods (such as a condom or diaphragm) used with a spermicide, birth control pills, patches or hormonal shots or hormonal implants, NuvaRing and IUDs (intrauterine devices).
  • For a female subject of childbearing potential, must have a negative pregnancy test (urine or serum) within 24 hours prior to vaccination.
  • Is in good health, as determined by vital signs, medical history to ensure any existing medical diagnoses or conditions are stable and not considered clinically significant, and targeted physical examination based on medical history (if indicated). A stable chronic medical condition is defined as no change in prescription medication, dose, or frequency of medication in the last 3 months and health outcomes of the specific disease are considered to be within acceptable limits in the last 6 months. Any change that is due to change of health care provider, insurance company etc, or that is done for financial reasons, as long as in the same class of medication will not be considered a violation of this inclusion criterion. Any change in prescription medication due to improvement of a disease outcome will not be considered a violation of this inclusion criterion.
  • Receipt of the 2009-2010 seasonal influenza vaccine no less than two weeks prior to enrollment in this study
  • Intend to be available for a follow-up visit and phone call access through 6 months following receipt of H1N1 vaccine.
  • Able to understand and comply with planned study procedures.
  • Provides written informed consent prior to initiation of any study procedures.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

Pregnant women:

  • Has a known allergy or hypersensitivity to eggs or other components in the vaccines (these may include, but are not limited to: polymyxin and neomycin).
  • Has a history of severe reactions following previous immunization with influenza virus vaccines.
  • Has participated in a novel influenza H1N1 2009 vaccine study in the past 2 years, has received a H1N1 2009 vaccine or has history of novel influenza H1N1 2009 infection evaluated by a healthcare professional prior to enrollment.
  • Has received any other live licensed vaccines within 4 weeks or inactivated licensed vaccines within 2 weeks prior to vaccination in this study or plan receipt of such vaccines within 21 days following vaccination. Measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine and tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccine and human papillomavirus vaccine are permitted post-partum.
  • Has received an experimental/investigational agent (vaccine, drug, biologic, device, blood product, or medication) within 1 month prior to vaccination in this study, or expects to receive another experimental/investigational agent during the study period (prior to 180 days post vaccination).
  • Has an acute illness and/or an oral temperature >/= 100.0 F, within 72 hours of vaccination (This may result in a temporary delay of vaccination).
  • Has immunosuppression as a result of an underlying illness or treatment, or use of anti-cancer chemotherapy or radiation therapy within the preceding 36 months.
  • Has an active neoplastic disease (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer), a history of any hematologic malignancy, current bleeding disorder, or taking anticoagulants.
  • Long term use of glucocorticoids, including oral or parenteral, or high-dose inhaled steroids (>800 micrograms/day of beclomethasone dipropionate or equivalent) within the preceding 6 months (nasal and topical steroids are allowed) or has received betamethasone or dexamethasone to accelerate fetal lung maturity.
  • Has a history of receiving immunoglobulin or other blood product (with exception of Rhogam) within the 3 months prior to enrollment in this study.
  • Has a diagnosis of a current and uncontrolled major psychiatric disorder.
  • Has been hospitalized for psychiatric illness, history of suicide attempt, or confinement for danger to self or others, within the past 10 years.
  • The subject is receiving any of the following psychiatric drugs: aripiprazole, clozapine, ziprasidone, haloperidol, molindone, loxapine, thioridazine, thiothixene, pimozide, fluphenazine, risperidone, mesoridazine, quetiapine, trifluoperazine, trifluopromazine, chlorprothixene, chlorpromazine, perphenazine, olanzapine, carbamazepine, divalproex sodium, lithium carbonate or lithium citrate. Subjects who are receiving an antidepressant drug (not listed above) and are stable for at least 3 months prior to enrollment without decompensating are allowed enrollment into the study.
  • Known infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B, or hepatitis C.
  • History of alcohol or drug abuse in the last 5 years.
  • Has a seizure disorder or is on an anti-seizure medication.
  • Has a history of Guillain-Barré Syndrome.
  • Plan to travel outside of North America in the time between vaccination and 21 days following vaccination
  • Has an acute or chronic medical condition that, in the opinion of the investigator would render vaccination unsafe, or would interfere with the evaluation of responses (this includes, but is not limited to, known cardiac disease, chronic liver disease, significant renal disease, unstable or progressive neurological disorder, transplant recipients or uncontrolled diabetes, juvenile diabetes (Type I) or advanced diabetes with renal disease or eye disease, diabetes controlled by diet or insulin is acceptable).
  • Has any condition that would, in the opinion of the site investigator, place the subject at an unacceptable risk of injury or render the subject unable to meet the requirements of the protocol.

Non-pregnant women:

  • Has a known allergy or hypersensitivity to eggs, egg proteins, other components in the vaccines (these may include, but not limited to: polymyxin and neomycin).
  • Has a history of severe reactions following previous immunization with influenza virus vaccines.
  • Has participated in a novel influenza H1N1 2009 vaccine study in the past 2 years, has received H1N1 2009 vaccine or has history of novel influenza H1N1 2009 infection evaluated by a healthcare professional prior to enrollment.
  • Has received any other live licensed vaccines within 4 weeks or inactivated licensed vaccines within 2 weeks prior to vaccination in this study or plan receipt of such vaccines within 21 days following vaccination.
  • Has received an experimental/investigational agent (vaccine, drug, biologic, device, blood product, or medication) within 1 month prior to vaccination in this study, or expects to receive another experimental/investigational agent during the study period (prior to 180 days post vaccination).
  • Is breastfeeding or intends to become pregnant during the study period between enrollment and 30 days following receipt of the H1N1 vaccine.
  • Has an acute illness and/or an oral temperature greater than or equal to 100.0 F, within 72 hours of vaccination (This may result in a temporary delay of vaccination).
  • Has immunosuppression as a result of an underlying illness or treatment, or use of anti-cancer chemotherapy or radiation therapy within the preceding 36 months.
  • Has an active neoplastic disease (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer), a history of any hematologic malignancy, current bleeding disorder, or taking anticoagulants.
  • Long term use of glucocorticoids, including oral or parenteral, or high-dose inhaled steroids (>800 micrograms/day of beclomethasone dipropionate or equivalent) within the preceding 6 months (nasal and topical steroids are allowed).
  • Has a history of receiving immunoglobulin or other blood product within the 3 months prior to enrollment in this study.
  • Has a diagnosis of a current and uncontrolled major psychiatric disorder.
  • Has been hospitalized for psychiatric illness, history of suicide attempt, or confinement for danger to self or others, within the past 10 years.
  • The subject is receiving any of the following psychiatric drugs: aripiprazole, clozapine, ziprasidone, haloperidol, molindone, loxapine, thioridazine, thiothixene, pimozide, fluphenazine, risperidone, mesoridazine, quetiapine, trifluoperazine, trifluopromazine, chlorprothixene, chlorpromazine, perphenazine, olanzapine, carbamazepine, divalproex sodium, lithium carbonate or lithium citrate. Subjects who are receiving an antidepressant drug (not listed above) and are stable for at least 3 months prior to enrollment without decompensating are allowed enrollment into the study.
  • Known infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B, or hepatitis C
  • History of alcohol or drug abuse in the last 5 years.
  • Has a seizure disorder or is on an anti-seizure medication.
  • Has a history of Guillain-Barré Syndrome.
  • Plan to travel outside of North America in the time between vaccination and 21 days following vaccination.
  • Has an acute or chronic medical condition that, in the opinion of the investigator would render vaccination unsafe, or would interfere with the evaluation of responses (this includes, but is not limited to, known cardiac disease, chronic liver disease, significant renal disease, unstable or progressive neurological disorder, transplant recipients or uncontrolled diabetes, juvenile diabetes (Type I) or advanced diabetes with renal disease or eye disease, diabetes controlled by diet or insulin is acceptable.
  • Has any condition that would, in the opinion of the site investigator, place the subject at an unacceptable risk of injury or render the subject unable to meet the requirements of the protocol.
05

Study design

Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
84 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Active comparator
    Group 3: Non-pregnant Women: 15 mcg H1N1 Vaccine

    100 non-pregnant women to receive 15 mcg inactivated H1N1 vaccine.

    Biological: Inactivated H1N1 Vaccine

  • Experimental
    Group 2: Pregnant Women: 30 mcg H1N1 Vaccine

    100 pregnant women to receive 30 mcg inactivated H1N1 vaccine.

    Biological: Inactivated H1N1 Vaccine

  • Experimental
    Group 1: Pregnant Women: 15 mcg H1N1 Vaccine

    100 pregnant women to receive 15 mcg inactivated H1N1 vaccine.

    Biological: Inactivated H1N1 Vaccine

Interventions

  • BiologicalInactivated H1N1 Vaccine

    H1N1 vaccine \[Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Monovalent Vaccine\] is a licensed, inactivated influenza virus vaccine. It will be provided as prefilled single dose syringes containing 0.5 mL. The 0.5 mL prefilled syringe is formulated without preservative. The 15 microgram (mcg) dose will be administered as a single 0.5 mL intramuscular (IM) injection in the deltoid muscle of the preferred arm. The 30 mcg dose will be administered as two 0.5 mL injections in the deltoid muscle of each arm.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Number of Participants Reporting Maternal Complications of Pregnancy, Labor and Delivery

    Participants were contacted after delivery, and medical records reviewed, to collect complications experienced during pregnancy, labor and delivery. The data collection process followed a prospectively-defined list of complications reported for this outcome measure, some of which may have also been reported as serious adverse events if otherwise meeting those requirements.

    Time frame: At time of delivery

  2. Number of Births With Neonatal Complications

    Participants were contacted after delivery, and medical records reviewed, to collect neonatal complications. The data collection process followed a prospectively-defined list of complications reported for this outcome measure, some of which may have also been reported as serious adverse events if otherwise meeting those requirements.

    Time frame: At time of delivery

  3. Number of Participants Reporting Vaccine-associated Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)

    Serious adverse events included any untoward medical occurrence that resulted in death of the mother, fetus or infant; was life threatening to mother, fetus or infant; was a persistent/significant disability/incapacity; required in-patient hospitalization or prolongation thereof; was a congenital anomaly/birth defect in fetus or infant; or may have jeopardized the mother, fetus or infant, or required intervention to prevent one of the outcomes, or was described as Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Association was determined by a clinician licensed to diagnose and listed on the site's FDA Form 1572.

    Time frame: Day 0 through Day 180 after vaccination

  4. Number of Participants Reporting Solicited Subjective Local Reactions After Vaccination

    Participants maintained a memory aid to record daily the occurrence of local reactions of pain, tenderness and swelling for 8 days after vaccination (Day 0-7) based on their interference with daily activities. Participants are counted if they were reported as experiencing the symptom at any severity on any of the 8 days.

    Time frame: Within 8 days post vaccination (Day 0-7)

  5. Number of Participants Reporting Solicited Quantitative Local Reactions After Vaccination

    Participants maintained a memory aid to record daily the occurrence of local reactions of redness and swelling for 8 days after vaccination (Day 0-7). If the reaction was present, the maximum diameter was measured in millimeters (mm). Participants are counted if they reported experiencing the reaction with any measurement greater than 0 mm on any of the 8 days.

    Time frame: Within 8 days post vaccination (Day 0-7)

  6. Number of Participants Reporting Solicited Subjective Systemic Reactions After Vaccination

    Participants maintained a memory aid to record daily the occurrence of systemic symptoms of feverishness, malaise, myalgia, headache, and nausea for 8 days after vaccination (Day 0-7) based on their interference with daily activities. Participants are counted if they reported experiencing the symptom at any severity on any of the 8 days.

    Time frame: Within 8 days post vaccination (Day 0-7)

  7. Number of Participants Reporting Fever After Vaccination

    Participants were provided with a thermometer and a memory aid on which to record daily oral temperatures for 8 days after vaccination (Day 0-7). The protocol defined fever as oral temperature of 37.8 degrees Celsius or higher. Participants are counted as experiencing fever if they reported oral temperatures of 37.8 degrees Celsius or higher on any of the 8 days.

    Time frame: Within 8 days (Day 0-7) post vaccination

  8. Number of Participants With 4-fold or Greater Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition (HAI) Antibody Titer Increases Against Influenza H1N1 2009 Virus Following a Single Dose of H1N1 Vaccine

    Blood was collected from all participants prior to vaccination as well as 21 days after vaccination for testing in the HAI assay with Influenza H1N1 2009 virus as the assay antigen. A participant met the threshold of a 4-fold rise in titer if the Day 0 titer was less than 1:10 (the assay's lowest level of detection) and the Day 21 post vaccination titer was 1:40 or greater, or the Day 0 titer was greater than or equal to 1:10 and the Day 21 post vaccination titer was an increase by 4-fold or more.

    Time frame: Day 0 prior to and Day 21 after the first vaccination

  9. Number of Participants With a Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition (HAI) Antibody Titer of 1:40 or Greater Against Influenza H1N1 2009 Virus Following a Single Dose of H1N1 Vaccine

    Blood was collected from all participants prior to and at Day 21 post vaccination for testing in the HAI assay with Influenza H1N1 2009 virus as the assay antigen. Each sample was tested at least twice according to standard operating procedures and the result of each replicate reported. A participant is counted if the geometric mean of the replicate values was 1:40 or greater.

    Time frame: Day 0 prior to and Day 21 following vaccination

Secondary outcomes

  1. Number of Participants With a Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition Assay (HAI) Antibody Titer Greater Than or Equal to 40 Against the Novel Influenza H1N1 2009 Virus in the Maternal Blood at the Time of Delivery

    Blood was collected from participants at the time of delivery for testing in the HAI assay with Influenza H1N1 2009 virus as the assay antigen. Each sample was tested at least twice according to standard operating procedures and the result of each replicate reported. A participant is counted if the geometric mean of the replicate values was 1:40 or greater.

    Time frame: At time of delivery

  2. Number of Participants With a Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition Assay (HAI) Antibody Titer Greater Than or Equal to 40 Against the Novel Influenza H1N1 2009 Virus in Cord Blood

    Cord blood was collected at the time of delivery for testing in the HAI assay with Influenza H1N1 2009 virus as the assay antigen. Each sample was tested at least twice according to standard operating procedures and the result of each replicate reported. A participant is counted if the geometric mean of the replicate values was 1:40 or greater.

    Time frame: At time of delivery

07

Results

Posted Mar 5, 2012
Limitations and caveats
Although 200 pregnant and 100 non-pregnant subjects were targeted for enrollment, enrollment closed in May 2010 prior to reaching the target due to slow accrual.

Participant flow

Participants were healthy pregnant and non-pregnant women recruited from existing volunteer populations and from the communities at large around the clinical sites. Participants were enrolled between 09Nov2009 and 04May2010.

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneGroup 1: Pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 2: Pregnant Women: 30 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 3: Non-pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 Vaccine
Started282828
Completed272728
Not completed110

Outcome measures

PrimaryNumber of Participants Reporting Maternal Complications of Pregnancy, Labor and Delivery

Participants were contacted after delivery, and medical records reviewed, to collect complications experienced during pregnancy, labor and delivery. The data collection process followed a prospectively-defined list of complications reported for this outcome measure, some of which may have also been reported as serious adverse events if otherwise meeting those requirements.

Time frame:
At time of delivery
Reported as:
Number · participants
Number of Participants Reporting Maternal Complications of Pregnancy, Labor and Delivery
participantsGroup 1: Pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 2: Pregnant Women: 30 Mcg H1N1 Vaccine
Stillborn00
Miscarriage00
Gestational diabetes12
Polyhydramnios10
Oligohydramnios11
Pregnancy induced hypertension03
Pre-eclampsia13
Eclampsia00
Fetal Distress21
Abruptio Placenta01
Chorioamnionitis00
Fever21
Anaphylaxis00
Antibiotics prior to delivery1212
Fetal abnormalities detected during pregnancy10
Assisted vaginal delivery11
Non-elective Cesarean section63
Abnormal amniotic fluid55
Postpartum fever00
Postpartum endometritis00
Postpartum bleeding20
Postpartum bacteremia00
PrimaryNumber of Births With Neonatal Complications

Participants were contacted after delivery, and medical records reviewed, to collect neonatal complications. The data collection process followed a prospectively-defined list of complications reported for this outcome measure, some of which may have also been reported as serious adverse events if otherwise meeting those requirements.

Time frame:
At time of delivery
Reported as:
Number · births
Number of Births With Neonatal Complications
birthsGroup 1: Pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 2: Pregnant Women: 30 Mcg H1N1 Vaccine
Pre-term (less than 37 weeks)59
Large for gestational age62
Small for gestational age03
Abnormal infant exam14
Congenital abnormalities01
Hematological complications11
Infections00
Sepsis00
Meningitis00
Metabolic complications11
Respiratory complications54
Respiratory support used54
Fever 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit or greater00
Admission to special nursery/infant intensive care58
PrimaryNumber of Participants Reporting Vaccine-associated Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)

Serious adverse events included any untoward medical occurrence that resulted in death of the mother, fetus or infant; was life threatening to mother, fetus or infant; was a persistent/significant disability/incapacity; required in-patient hospitalization or prolongation thereof; was a congenital anomaly/birth defect in fetus or infant; or may have jeopardized the mother, fetus or infant, or required intervention to prevent one of the outcomes, or was described as Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Association was determined by a clinician licensed to diagnose and listed on the site's FDA Form 1572.

Time frame:
Day 0 through Day 180 after vaccination
Reported as:
Number · participants
Number of Participants Reporting Vaccine-associated Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)
participantsGroup 1: Pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 2: Pregnant Women: 30 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 3: Non-pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 Vaccine
Number of Participants Reporting Vaccine-associated Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)000
PrimaryNumber of Participants Reporting Solicited Subjective Local Reactions After Vaccination

Participants maintained a memory aid to record daily the occurrence of local reactions of pain, tenderness and swelling for 8 days after vaccination (Day 0-7) based on their interference with daily activities. Participants are counted if they were reported as experiencing the symptom at any severity on any of the 8 days.

Time frame:
Within 8 days post vaccination (Day 0-7)
Reported as:
Number · participants
Number of Participants Reporting Solicited Subjective Local Reactions After Vaccination
participantsGroup 1: Pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 2: Pregnant Women: 30 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 3: Non-pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 Vaccine
Pain486
Tenderness131514
Swelling122
PrimaryNumber of Participants Reporting Solicited Quantitative Local Reactions After Vaccination

Participants maintained a memory aid to record daily the occurrence of local reactions of redness and swelling for 8 days after vaccination (Day 0-7). If the reaction was present, the maximum diameter was measured in millimeters (mm). Participants are counted if they reported experiencing the reaction with any measurement greater than 0 mm on any of the 8 days.

Time frame:
Within 8 days post vaccination (Day 0-7)
Reported as:
Number · participants
Number of Participants Reporting Solicited Quantitative Local Reactions After Vaccination
participantsGroup 1: Pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 2: Pregnant Women: 30 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 3: Non-pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 Vaccine
Redness222
Swelling112
SecondaryNumber of Participants With a Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition Assay (HAI) Antibody Titer Greater Than or Equal to 40 Against the Novel Influenza H1N1 2009 Virus in the Maternal Blood at the Time of Delivery

Blood was collected from participants at the time of delivery for testing in the HAI assay with Influenza H1N1 2009 virus as the assay antigen. Each sample was tested at least twice according to standard operating procedures and the result of each replicate reported. A participant is counted if the geometric mean of the replicate values was 1:40 or greater.

Time frame:
At time of delivery
Reported as:
Number · participants
Number of Participants With a Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition Assay (HAI) Antibody Titer Greater Than or Equal to 40 Against the Novel Influenza H1N1 2009 Virus in the Maternal Blood at the Time of Delivery
participantsGroup 1: Pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 2: Pregnant Women: 30 Mcg H1N1 Vaccine
Number of Participants With a Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition Assay (HAI) Antibody Titer Greater Than or Equal to 40 Against the Novel Influenza H1N1 2009 Virus in the Maternal Blood at the Time of Delivery1716
SecondaryNumber of Participants With a Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition Assay (HAI) Antibody Titer Greater Than or Equal to 40 Against the Novel Influenza H1N1 2009 Virus in Cord Blood

Cord blood was collected at the time of delivery for testing in the HAI assay with Influenza H1N1 2009 virus as the assay antigen. Each sample was tested at least twice according to standard operating procedures and the result of each replicate reported. A participant is counted if the geometric mean of the replicate values was 1:40 or greater.

Time frame:
At time of delivery
Reported as:
Number · participants
Number of Participants With a Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition Assay (HAI) Antibody Titer Greater Than or Equal to 40 Against the Novel Influenza H1N1 2009 Virus in Cord Blood
participantsGroup 1: Pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 2: Pregnant Women: 30 Mcg H1N1 Vaccine
Number of Participants With a Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition Assay (HAI) Antibody Titer Greater Than or Equal to 40 Against the Novel Influenza H1N1 2009 Virus in Cord Blood1718
PrimaryNumber of Participants Reporting Solicited Subjective Systemic Reactions After Vaccination

Participants maintained a memory aid to record daily the occurrence of systemic symptoms of feverishness, malaise, myalgia, headache, and nausea for 8 days after vaccination (Day 0-7) based on their interference with daily activities. Participants are counted if they reported experiencing the symptom at any severity on any of the 8 days.

Time frame:
Within 8 days post vaccination (Day 0-7)
Reported as:
Number · participants
Number of Participants Reporting Solicited Subjective Systemic Reactions After Vaccination
participantsGroup 1: Pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 2: Pregnant Women: 30 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 3: Non-pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 Vaccine
Feverishness023
Malaise7144
Myalgia164
Headache897
Nausea383
PrimaryNumber of Participants Reporting Fever After Vaccination

Participants were provided with a thermometer and a memory aid on which to record daily oral temperatures for 8 days after vaccination (Day 0-7). The protocol defined fever as oral temperature of 37.8 degrees Celsius or higher. Participants are counted as experiencing fever if they reported oral temperatures of 37.8 degrees Celsius or higher on any of the 8 days.

Time frame:
Within 8 days (Day 0-7) post vaccination
Reported as:
Number · participants
Number of Participants Reporting Fever After Vaccination
participantsGroup 1: Pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 2: Pregnant Women: 30 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 3: Non-pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 Vaccine
Number of Participants Reporting Fever After Vaccination100
PrimaryNumber of Participants With 4-fold or Greater Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition (HAI) Antibody Titer Increases Against Influenza H1N1 2009 Virus Following a Single Dose of H1N1 Vaccine

Blood was collected from all participants prior to vaccination as well as 21 days after vaccination for testing in the HAI assay with Influenza H1N1 2009 virus as the assay antigen. A participant met the threshold of a 4-fold rise in titer if the Day 0 titer was less than 1:10 (the assay's lowest level of detection) and the Day 21 post vaccination titer was 1:40 or greater, or the Day 0 titer was greater than or equal to 1:10 and the Day 21 post vaccination titer was an increase by 4-fold or more.

Time frame:
Day 0 prior to and Day 21 after the first vaccination
Reported as:
Number · participants
Number of Participants With 4-fold or Greater Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition (HAI) Antibody Titer Increases Against Influenza H1N1 2009 Virus Following a Single Dose of H1N1 Vaccine
participantsGroup 1: Pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 2: Pregnant Women: 30 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 3: Non-pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 Vaccine
Number of Participants With 4-fold or Greater Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition (HAI) Antibody Titer Increases Against Influenza H1N1 2009 Virus Following a Single Dose of H1N1 Vaccine182624
PrimaryNumber of Participants With a Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition (HAI) Antibody Titer of 1:40 or Greater Against Influenza H1N1 2009 Virus Following a Single Dose of H1N1 Vaccine

Blood was collected from all participants prior to and at Day 21 post vaccination for testing in the HAI assay with Influenza H1N1 2009 virus as the assay antigen. Each sample was tested at least twice according to standard operating procedures and the result of each replicate reported. A participant is counted if the geometric mean of the replicate values was 1:40 or greater.

Time frame:
Day 0 prior to and Day 21 following vaccination
Reported as:
Number · participants
Number of Participants With a Serum Hemagglutination Inhibition (HAI) Antibody Titer of 1:40 or Greater Against Influenza H1N1 2009 Virus Following a Single Dose of H1N1 Vaccine
participantsGroup 1: Pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 2: Pregnant Women: 30 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 3: Non-pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 Vaccine
Day 0532
Day 21222726

Adverse events

Collected over Solicited events were collected for 8 days after vaccination, unsolicited events through 21 days after vaccination, and serious adverse events and new onset chronic medical conditions through 180 days after vaccination, including at the time of delivery.. Non-serious events are listed at a 5% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Group 1: Pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 Vaccine—8/28 (28.6%)19/28 (67.9%)
Group 2: Pregnant Women: 30 Mcg H1N1 Vaccine—6/28 (21.4%)24/28 (85.7%)
Group 3: Non-pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 Vaccine—1/28 (3.6%)19/28 (67.9%)
Most frequent serious events
Showing 10 of 17
Most frequent serious events
EventGroup 1: Pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 2: Pregnant Women: 30 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 3: Non-pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 Vaccine
Pre-eclampsiaPregnancy, puerperium and perinatal conditions1/283/280/28
Respiratory distressRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders2/281/280/28
Premature babyPregnancy, puerperium and perinatal conditions0/282/280/28
Premature labourPregnancy, puerperium and perinatal conditions1/280/280/28
AmniorrhoeaPregnancy, puerperium and perinatal conditions1/280/280/28
Vaginal haemorrhageReproductive system and breast disorders1/280/280/28
Postpartum haemorrhagePregnancy, puerperium and perinatal conditions1/280/280/28
Premature separation of placentaPregnancy, puerperium and perinatal conditions0/281/280/28
Renal colicRenal and urinary disorders0/281/280/28
Thyroid cancerNeoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)0/280/281/28
Most frequent other events
Showing 10 of 12
Most frequent other events
EventGroup 1: Pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 2: Pregnant Women: 30 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 3: Non-pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 Vaccine
TendernessGeneral disorders13/2815/2814/28
MalaiseGeneral disorders7/2814/284/28
HeadacheNervous system disorders8/289/287/28
NauseaGastrointestinal disorders3/288/283/28
Injection site painGeneral disorders4/288/286/28
Upper respiratory tract infectionInfections and infestations4/280/286/28
MyalgiaMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders1/286/284/28
Feeling hotGeneral disorders0/282/283/28
InsomniaPsychiatric disorders0/282/280/28
Injection site erythemaGeneral disorders2/282/282/28

Baseline characteristics

Age, Categorical
Age, Categorical(Participants)Group 1: Pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 2: Pregnant Women: 30 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 3: Non-pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 VaccineTotal
<=18 years0000
Between 18 and 65 years28282884
>=65 years0000
Age Continuous
Age Continuous(years)Group 1: Pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 2: Pregnant Women: 30 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 3: Non-pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 VaccineTotal
Mean30 ± 6.028.8 ± 4.930.8 ± 5.629.9 ± 5.5
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)Group 1: Pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 2: Pregnant Women: 30 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 3: Non-pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 VaccineTotal
Female28282884
Male0000
Region of Enrollment
Region of Enrollment(participants)Group 1: Pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 2: Pregnant Women: 30 Mcg H1N1 VaccineGroup 3: Non-pregnant Women: 15 Mcg H1N1 VaccineTotal
United States28282884
08

Study locations

6 sites
  • University of Maryland Baltimore
    Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
  • Saint Louis University - Center for Vaccine Development
    St. Louis, Missouri 63104, United States
  • Duke University Medical Center
    Durham, North Carolina 27705, United States
  • Vanderbilt University
    Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2573, United States
  • Baylor College of Medicine - Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology
    Houston, Texas 77030, United States
  • Group Health Cooperative
    Seattle, Washington 98101, United States
09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Aug 7, 2013, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT00992719
Lead sponsor
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Oct 9, 2009
Start date
Nov 2009
Primary completion
Feb 2011
Completion
Feb 2011
Results posted
Mar 5, 2012
Last update
Aug 7, 2013
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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