An interventional study of SMS Turkey in Smoking, sponsored by Center for Innovative Public Health Research. Completed at 1 site in Turkey. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2016-10-05.
Sponsored by Center for Innovative Public Health Research · Not applicable and Interventional
The purpose of this study is to develop and test a text messaging-based smoking cessation program for adults who are currently smoking and want to quit, living in Turkey.
Smoking has long been recognized as a significant public health concern associated with great morbidity and mortality. Although smoking rates have decreased in high income countries, these trends have not been noted for tow and middle income countries. This is especially true in Turkey, which was ranked 6th in the world in smoking consumption. Between 51-63% of Turkish men and 24-26% of Turkish women 15 years of age and older are smokers. With lung cancer the leading cancer-related cause of death for both men and women, effective and accessible smoking cessation interventions are needed. Cell phone technology represents a unique opportunity to deliver evidenced-based smoking cessation behavioral treatments through a delivery mechanism already widely adopted by adults. An estimated 35 million Turks were using cell phones, making them 1.8 times more common than land lines. Cell phone interventions are a unique delivery method because of their 'always on' capability. The rapid uptake of cell phones allows us to potentially reach those who might otherwise not utilize smoking cessation services.
We designed and evaluated SMS Turkey, an evidenced-based smoking intervention that takes advantage of technologies adopted by adult smokers in Turkey. The primary outcome measure is sustained abstinence 12 weeks after quit day, confirmed with a carbon monoxide (CO) reading of 8 ppm or less. Sustained abstinence was defined as 5 or fewer cigarettes smoked since the quit date, per West et al. Secondary outcome measures included: 7-day and 30-day point prevalence of smoking behavior at 3 months; CO-verified 7-day point prevalence at 4 weeks; and reduction in cigarettes per day for those who are smoking at 3 months.
Center for Innovative Public Health Research is the lead sponsor of 13 studies on the registry; 4 are open to participants now.
Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.
Exclusion Criteria:
6-week smoking cessation program delivered via daily text messages
Behavioral: SMS Turkey
7-page brochure that provided general information and tips on how to quit smoking
6-week smoking cessation program delivered via daily text messages SMS Turkey: 6-week smoking cessation program delivered via text messaging. SMS Turkey content is guided by the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) theory. Content was tailored based on participant's stage in quitting (i.e., pre-quit, quit day, early-quit, late-quit, relapse). Based on the typical relapse trajectory, content paths were created for participants based on whether or not they were smoking 2 days after quit day; and again at 7 days after quit day. Depending on the participant's content path, the total number of messages received ranged from 91 (for those assigned to the encouragement arm) to 146 (for those who relapsed and then were assigned to the late quit messages).
Also known as: Cebiniz birakin diyor
Carbon Monoxide-verified Continuous Abstinence at 12 Weeks
self-reported continuous abstinence since quit day (\<=5 cigarettes) verified with carbon monoxide reading (\<=8ppm)
Time frame: 12-weeks post-quit day
CO-verified 7-day Point Prevalence Abstinence at 4 Weeks
self-reported continuous abstinence in the past 7 days at 4 weeks (\<=5 cigarettes) verified with carbon monoxide reading (\<=8ppm)
Time frame: 4 weeks
Self-reported 7-day Point Prevalence Abstinence at 12 Weeks
self-reported smoking abstinence in the past 7 days at 12 weeks (\<=5 cigarettes)
Time frame: 12 weeks
Self-reported 30-day Point Prevalence Abstinence at 12 Weeks
self-reported smoking abstinence in the past 30 days at 12 weeks (\<=5 cigarettes)
Time frame: 12 weeks
Participants were recruited in Ankara, Turkey between December 2010 \& June 2011, through in-person outreach at local shopping malls and local newspapers advertisements. Flyers were also posted at Hacettepe University. Smokers indicated their interest by calling the study office or speaking directly with the research assistant at the shopping mall.
| Milestone | SMS Turkey | Brochure Control |
|---|---|---|
| Started | 76 | 75 |
| Completed | 29 | 17 |
| Not completed | 47 | 58 |
self-reported continuous abstinence since quit day (\<=5 cigarettes) verified with carbon monoxide reading (\<=8ppm)
| participants | SMS Turkey | Brochure Control |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon Monoxide-verified Continuous Abstinence at 12 Weeks | 8 | 4 |
self-reported continuous abstinence in the past 7 days at 4 weeks (\<=5 cigarettes) verified with carbon monoxide reading (\<=8ppm)
| participants | SMS Turkey | Brochure Control |
|---|---|---|
| CO-verified 7-day Point Prevalence Abstinence at 4 Weeks | 9 | 7 |
self-reported smoking abstinence in the past 7 days at 12 weeks (\<=5 cigarettes)
| participants | SMS Turkey | Brochure Control |
|---|---|---|
| Self-reported 7-day Point Prevalence Abstinence at 12 Weeks | 10 | 4 |
self-reported smoking abstinence in the past 30 days at 12 weeks (\<=5 cigarettes)
| participants | SMS Turkey | Brochure Control |
|---|---|---|
| Self-reported 30-day Point Prevalence Abstinence at 12 Weeks | 8 | 4 |
Collected over Adverse event data were collected through the study period (i.e., from baseline to 12-week follow-up).. Non-serious events are listed at a 0% frequency threshold.
| Group | Deaths | Serious | Other |
|---|---|---|---|
| SMS Turkey | — | 0/76 (0%) | 0/76 (0%) |
| Brochure Control | — | 0/75 (0%) | 0/75 (0%) |
| Age, Continuous(years) | SMS Turkey | Brochure Control | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | 35.6 ± 10.3 | 36.1 ± 9.5 | 35.89 ± 9.89 |
| Sex: Female, Male(Participants) | SMS Turkey | Brochure Control | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 35 | 24 | 59 |
| Male | 41 | 51 | 92 |
| Income(participants) | SMS Turkey | Brochure Control | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Less than 2000 Turkish lira per month | 23 | 37 | 60 |
| 2000 - 4000 Turkish lira per month | 34 | 28 | 62 |
| More than 4000 Turkish lira per month | 16 | 9 | 25 |
| Do not want to answer | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| Martial status(participants) | SMS Turkey | Brochure Control | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Married | 42 | 49 | 91 |
| Single | 30 | 25 | 55 |
| Divorced | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| Widowed | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Educational attainment(participants) | SMS Turkey | Brochure Control | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| High school or less | 28 | 38 | 66 |
| Two-year college | 13 | 10 | 23 |
| University degree | 27 | 23 | 50 |
| Post graduate degree | 8 | 4 | 12 |
| Average Number of cigarettes smoked per day(number of cigarettes per day) | SMS Turkey | Brochure Control | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | 18.7 ± 7.2 | 20.4 ± 9.2 | 19.53 ± 8.27 |
| Age at first cigarette(years) | SMS Turkey | Brochure Control | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | 17.5 ± 3.7 | 17.1 ± 3.6 | 17.3 ± 3.6 |
| Fagerström score(score) | SMS Turkey | Brochure Control | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | 4.8 ± 2.3 | 4.9 ± 2.5 | 4.8 ± 2.4 |
3 further baseline measures are reported on the registry.
Plan to share: No
This study is completed, as verified in Aug 2016. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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